Guano-derived deposits within the sandy cave fills of Naracoorte, South Australia

References

• Bergstrom , D. M. , Stewart , G. R. , Selkirk , P. M. and Schmidt , S. 2002 . 15N natural abundance of fossil peat reflects the influence of animal-derived nitrogen on vegetation . Ecologies , 130 : 309 – 314 .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , S. P and Wells , R. T. 2000 . A Middle Pleistocene vertebrate fossil assemblage from Cathedral Cave, Naracoorte, South Australia . Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia , 124 : 91 – 104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook , P. J. , Colwell , J. B. , Firman , J. M. , Lindsay , J. M. , Schwebel , D. A. and Von Der Borch , C. C. 1977 . The Late Cainozoic sequence of southeast South Australia and Pleistocene sea-level changes . BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics , 2 : 81 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• Craft , C. B. , Seneca , E. D. and Broome , S. W. 1991 . Loss on ignition and Kjeldahl digestion for estimating organic carbon and total nitrogen in estuarine marsh soils: Calibration and dry combustion . Estuaries , 14 : 175 – 179 .
   Google Scholar
• Dwyer , P. D. and Hamilton-Smith , E. 1965 . Breeding caves and maternity colonies of the bent-winged bat in southeastern Australia . Helictite , : 3 – 22 . (October)
   Google Scholar
• Finlayson , B. and Hamilton-Smith , E. 2003 . “ Beneath the surface ” . In A natural history of Australian caves 182 Sydney : University of New South Wales Press Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Ford , D. C. and Williams , P. W. 1989 . Karst geomorphology and hydrology 604 London : Unwin Hyman Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Forti , P. , Galle , E. , Rossi , A. , Pint , J. and Pint , S. 2004 . Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals . Acta Carsologica , 33 : 189 – 205 .
   Google Scholar
• Fry , B. 1991 . Stable isotope diagrams of freshwater food webs . Ecology , 72 : 2293 – 2297 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawke , D. J. 2001 . Variability of δ15N in soil and plants at a New Zealand hill country site: correlations with soil chemistry and nutrient inputs . Australian Journal of Soil Research , 39 : 373 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill , C. A. and Forti , P. 1997 . Cave minerals of the world 464 Huntsville : Natural and Speleology Society .
   Google Scholar
• Huntley , D. J. , Hutton , J. T. and Prescott , J. R. 1993 . The stranded beach-dune sequence of southeast South Australia: a test of thermoluminescence dating, 0-800 Ka . Quaternary Science Reviews , 12 : 1 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchinson , G. E. 1950 . “ The biogeochemistry of vertebrate excretion (cave guano) ” . In Survey of contemporary knowledge of biochemistry 3 Edited by: Hutchinson , G. E. Vol. 96 , 381 – 461 . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History .
   Google Scholar
• Idnurm , M. and Cook , P. J. 1980 . South Australian stranded beach ridges and the Milankovitch theory of ice ages . Nature , 2867 : 699 – 702 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karkanas , P. , Kyparissi-Apostolika , N. , Bar-Yosef , O. and Weiner , S. 1999 . Mineral assemblages in Theopetra, Greece: a framework for understanding diagenesis in a prehistoric cave . Journal of Archeological Science , 26 : 1171 – 1180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karkanas , P. , Kyparissi-Apostolika , N. , Bar-Yosef , O. and Weiner , S. 2000 . Diagenesis in prehistoric caves: The use of minerals that form in situ to assess the completeness of the archaeological record . Journal of Archeological Science , 26 : 1171 – 1180 .
   Google Scholar
• Knapp , E. P. , Terry , D. O. , Harbor , D. J. and Thren , R. C. 2004 . “ Reading Virginia's paleoclimate from the geochemistry and sedimentology of clastic sediments. Chapter 6. ” . In Studies of cave sediments physical and chemical records of paleoclimate Edited by: Sasowsky , I. D. and Mylroie , J. 329 New York : Kluwer Academic /Plenum Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Letolle , R. 1980 . “ Nitrogen-15 in the natural environment. ” . In Handbook of environmental geochemistry Edited by: Fritz , P. and Fontes , J. C. 407 – 433 . Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• McDowell , M. C. 2001 . Fossil faunas of Robertson and Wet Cave Adelaide : School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia . MSc thesis, (unpublished.)
   Google Scholar
• Mee , A. C. , Bestland , E. A. and Spooner , N. A. 2004 . Age and origin of terra rossa soils in the Coonawarra area of South Australia . Geomorphology , 58 : 1 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mispagel , C. , Allinson , M. , Allinson , G. , Ieski , N. , Grant , C. and Morita , M. 2004 . DDT and metabolites residues in the southern bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii) of south-eastern Australia . Chemosphere , 55 : 997 – 1003 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mizutani , S. and Suwa , K. 1966 . Orthoquartzitic sand from the Libyan Desert, Egypt . Journal of Earth Sciences, Nagoya University , 14 : 137 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Mizutani , H. , McFarlane , D. A. and Kabaya , Y. 1992a . Nitrogen and carbon isotope study of bat guano core from Eagle Creek Cave, Arizona, U.S.A . Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan , 40 : 57 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Mizutani , H. , McFarlane , D. A. and Kabaya , Y. 1992b . Carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures of bat guanos as record of past environments . Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan , 40 : 67 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Moriarty , K. C. , McCulloch , M. T. , Wells , R. T. and McDowell , M. C. 2000 . Mid-Pleistocene cave fills, megafaunal remains and climate change at Naracoorte, South Australia: towards a predictive model using U/Th dating of speleothems . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 159 : 113 – 143 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadelhoffer , K. and Fry , B. 1994 . “ Nitrogen isotope studies in forest ecosystems. ” . In Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science Edited by: Lajtha , K. 22 – 44 . Oxford : Blackwell Press .
   Google Scholar
• Nadelhoffer , K. , Shaver , G. , Fry , B. , Giblin , A. , Johnson , L. and McKane , R. 1996 . 15N natural abundances and N use by tundra plants . Oecologia , 107 : 386 – 394 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nesse , W. D. 1991 . Introduction to optical mineralogy () , 2nd ed. 335 London : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Norrish , K. and Chappell , B. W. 1977 . “ X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry ” . In Physical methods in determinative mineralogy () , 2nd ed. Edited by: Zussman , J. 201 – 272 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Osborne , R. A.L. 1984 . Lateral facies changes, unconformities and stratigraphic reversals: their significance for cave sediment stratigraphy . Cave Science , 11 : 175 – 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Pate , F. D. , McDowell , M. C. , Wells , R. T. and Smith , A. M. 2002 . Last recorded evidence for megafauna at Wet Cave Naracoorte, South Australia 45000 years ago . Australian Archeology , 54 : 53
   Google Scholar
• Peterson , B. J. and Fry , B. 1987 . Stable isotopes in ecosystem studies . Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , 18 : 293 – 320 .
   Google Scholar
• Prescott , J. R. and Hutton , J. T. 1995 . Environmental dose rates and radioactive disequilibrium from some Australian luminescence dating sites . Quaternary Science Reviews , 14 : 439 – 448 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prescott , J. R. and Robertson , G. B. 1997 . Sediment dating by luminescence: a review . Radiation Measurements , 27 : 893 – 922 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed , E. H. 2002 . Vertebrate taphonomy of large mammal bone deposits, Naracoorte Caves World Heritage Area Adelaide : Flinders University of South Australia . PhD thesis (unpublished)
   Google Scholar
• Schiegl , S. , Goldberg , P. , Bar-Yosef , O. and Weiner , S. 1996 . Ash deposits in Hayonim and Kebara caves, Israel: macroscopic, microscopic and mineralogical observations, and their archeological implications . Journal of Archaeological Science , 23 : 763 – 781 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahack-Gross , R. , Marshall , F. and Weiner , S. 2003 . Geoethnoarchaeology of pastoral sites: the identification of livestock enclosures in abandoned Massai settlements . Journal of Archeological Science , 30 : 439 – 459 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahack-Gross , R. , Berna , F. , Karkanas , P. and Weiner , S. 2004 . Bat guano and preservation of archeological remains in cave sites . Journal of Archeological Science , 31 : 1259 – 1272 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sprigg , R. C. 1952 . “ Sedimentation in the Adelaide Geosyncline and the formation of the continental terrace. ” . In Sir Douglas Mawson Anniversary Volume Edited by: Glaessner , M. F. and Rudd , E. A . 153 – 159 . South Australia : University of Adelaide .
   Google Scholar
• Sprigg , R. C. 1979 . Stranded and submerged sea-beach systems of southeast South Australia and the aeolian desert cycle . Sedimentary Geology , 22 : 53 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweeting , M. M. 1972 . Karst landforms 362 London : MacMillan Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Wada , E. , Shibata , R. and Orii , T. 1981 . 15N abundance in Antarctica: origin of soil nitrogen and ecological implications . Nature , 292 : 327 – 332 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , R. T. , Moriarty , K. and Williams , D. L.G. 1984 . The fossil vertebrate deposits of Victoria Fossil Cave Naracoorte: an introduction to the geology and fauna . The Australian Zoologist , 21 : 305 – 333 .
   Google Scholar
• White , S. Q. 2005 . Karst and landscape evolution in parts of the Gambier Karst Province, southeast South Australia and Western Victoria, Australia Victoria : La Trobe University . PhD thesis, (unpublished)
   Google Scholar
• Zanin , Y. N. , Tsykin , R. A. and Dar'in , A. V. 2005 . Phosphorites of the Arheologicicheskaya Cave (Khakassia, East Siberia) . Lithology and Mineral Resources , 40 : 48 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar