Child Care in New South Wales in 1890

References

• Michael , Horsburgh . 1976 . “Child Care in New South Wales in 1870” . Australian Social Work , 29 ( 1 ) March : 3 – 24 .
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• Michael , Horsburgh . 1977 . “Randwick Asylum: organizational resistance to social change” . Australian Social Work , 30 ( 1 ) March : 15 – 24 .
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• 44 Vic. No. 24, amended by 60 Vic. No. 9, 1896 . Repealed and consolidated by 1901, No. 6. Replaced by the Child Welfare Act, 1923 (No. 21).
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• For further background see John Ramsland, “The development of boarding-out systems in Australia: a series of experiments in child care, 1860–1910” , Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society , 60 , Pt. 3, 186 – 198 . E. S. L. Govan, “A community program of foster-home care: N.S.W. 1881”, Social Service Review, Vol. XXV, No. 3, September, 1951, pp. 363–375 .
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• Horsburgh . 1976 . : 16 – 21 .
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• Journal of the Legislative Council of New South Wales (hereafter, J.L.C.), 1881 , Vol. 2 , pp. 189 – 196 .
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• New South Wales Parliamentary Debates (N.S.W.P.D.) (1st series), Vol. 4 , March 17, 1881 , p. 973 .
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• ibid., p. 975 , Speech of Mr. Kidd; p. 983 (Mr. Lloyd G. A. ).
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• ibid., p. 985 (Mr. Garrett ). Cardinal Moran referred to Parkes' statement in later disputes over the future of the Roman Catholic Orphan School . (Letter, November 10, 1886 , Sydney Diocesan Archives, Box P75.)
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• ibid., p. 974 (Mr. Davies ); p. 976 (Mr. Fitzpatrick); p. 982 (Mr. Farnell); pp. 984–985 (Mr. Garrett) .
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• N.S.W. Government Gazette , April 5, 1881 .
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• Horsburgh M. ( 1977 ), op. cit., p. 21; J. Ramsland, op. cit., pp. 193 – 194 .
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• The correspondence regarding the appointment is missing from the Colonial Secretary's archives, but its content is attested by entries in the register of correspondence. Colonial Secretary's In-Letter (C.S.I.L.) 81/2464, 81/3451. Maxted's only opponent was Joseph Coulter, Secretary and later Superintendent of the Randwick Asylum (C.S.I.L. 81/2493).
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• Dickey B. K. , Charity in New South Wales, 1850–1914 , Ph.D. Thesis, Australian National University , 1966 , pp. 309 – 313 .
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• Blue Book for 1890, p. 37. Votes and Proceedings of Legislative Assembly of N.S.W. (V. & P.L.A.) , 1891 /92, Vol. 7 , pp.787 ff .
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• The details of Wing's appointment including his testimonials are with C.S.I.L. 86/12560.
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• Ormond House, still standing in Paddington, remained the Central Depot until 1923 . In former days it had also housed the Randwick Asylum and the Deaf, Dumb and Blind Institute.
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• Private communication, Senior N.S.W. Archivist , May 6, 1977 .
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• In what follows I shall refer to Annual Reports for the year ending April 5, e.g. the report for 1885 means the report for the year ending April 5, 1885. Where the year is mentioned generally without reference to an annual report the information will be taken from the annual report of the following year, e.g. 1885 will mean the year covered by the annual report for 1886 .
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• Annual Report for the year ending April 5, 1882 , (A.R. 1882), J.L.C. , 1882, Vol. 2 , p. 175 .
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• Coghlan , T. A. 1891 . Wealth and Progress of N.S.W. , Edited by: Chapman , G. S. 864 Sydney : Acting Government Printer . “entirely successful”
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• Regulation 25
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• Act S4 Regulation 8
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• There was considerable resistance from Randwick. See C.S.I.L. 84/282, A.R. 1883 , op. cit., pp. 91, 107, A.R. 1886, op. cit., pp. 806 – 807
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• A.R. 1891 , J.L.C. , 1891–92, Vol. 2 , p. 1099 .
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• Horsburgh M. ( 1977 ), op. cit., pp. 15 – 16 . This role involved considerable difficulties associated with the unsatisfactory Asylum buildings, see C.S.I.L. 87/7122. The necessity for receiving depots was also used by Cardinal Moran as an argument for the continuation of the Roman Catholic Orphan School (letter, November 10, 1886, loc. cit.).
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• C.S.I.L. 88/1607.
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• C.S.I.L. 86/11606 with C.S.I.L. 86/12492.
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• C.S.I.L. 87/3661.
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• ibid.
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• A similar statement appeared previously only in the annual reports of the Nautical Training Ship “Vernon” .
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• See Horsburgh M. ( 1976 ), op. cit., pp. 8 – 13 .
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• A.R. 1883 , J.L.C. , 1883 (2nd Session), Vol. 1 , p. 97 .
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• C.S.I.L. 85/7003.
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• Charity Organization Society of Melbourne, Proceedings of the Second Australasian Conference on Charity , Melbourne , Government Printer , 1891 , p. 34 .
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• ibid., pp. 39 – 41 .
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• 60 Vic. No. 9, S.10.
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• C.S.I.L. 90/10546.
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• C.S.I.L. 87/4694, Mr. Cairns, a former employee of Farmer & Co., could have, with an allowance and the help of his eldest daughter, kept his family intact.
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• A.R. 1882 , op. cit., p. 184 .
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• A.R. 1889 , V. & P.L.A. , 1889 (2nd Session), Vol. 2 , p. 696 .
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., p. 89 .
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• Charity Organization Society of Melbourne , op. cit., p. 32 .
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• A.R. 1885 , J.L.C. , 1885 (2nd Session), Vol. 2 , p. 631 .
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• Govan E. S. L. , op. cit., pp. 372 – 373 .
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• A.R. 1882 , op. cit., p. 184 .
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• It must be emphasized that although the term “class” is used, the classification is by occupational groupings and not by status of occupations. Persons of varying status, working in the same occupational area, are grouped together.
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• Horsburgh M. ( 1976 ), op. cit., pp. 16 – 21 . A similar distribution of apprentices survived under the new system, see A.R. 1891, p. 1096.
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., p. 104 .
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• A.R. 1885 , op. cit., p. 629 .
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• Ibid., p. 636. A.R. 1887 , J.L.C. (2nd Session), Vol. 2 , p. 820 . A.R. 1888, J.L.C., 1887–88, Vol. 4, p. 463 .
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• A.R. 1886 , J.L.C. , 1885–86, Vol. 3 , p. 818 .
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• Regulation 34.
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• A.R. 1884 , J.L.C. , 1883–84, Vol. 3 , p. 1431 .
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• Royal Commission on Public Charities , V. & P.L.A. , 1873–74, Vol. 6 , 2nd Report, pp. 40 ff.
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• A.R. 1889 , op. cit., p. 698 .
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• A.R. 1891 , op. cit., pp. 1093 – 1095 .
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• Regulation 4.
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• Regulation 5.
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• Schedules F and G to Regulations.
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• A.R. 1891 , op. cit., p. 1095 . See also A.R. 1883, op. cit., p. 105; A.R. 1884, op. cit., p. 1426 .
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• A.R. 1882 , op. cit., p. 188 .
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., pp. 89 – 90 , 96.
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• Unregistered Letter, March 27, 1883 , with C.S.I.L. 84/282.
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• Attorney-General's In-Letter 83/357 with C.S.I.L. 84/282.
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• Copy of opinion of Attorney-General Dalley attached to C.S.I.L. 84/282.
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• J.L.C. , 1885 (2nd Session), Vol. 2 , p. 619 .
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• Sydney Morning Herald, January 15, January 18, January 20, 1886 . The matter was also taken up in the Echo of the same time.
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• C.S.I.L. 86/1096.
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• C.S.I.L. 87/6553.
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• ibid.
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., p. 116 .
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• The Statistician's Report on the Eleventh Census of N.S.W. (Second Instalment), Sydney , Charles Potter, Government Printer , 1894 , p. 317 : 400 males, 260 females.
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• Renwick mentioned this in his 1886 report, p. 813 .
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• E.g. A.R. 1891 , op. cit., p. 1104 . Comments of Mrs. Youll Webb .
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• Govan E. S. L. , op. cit., p. 374 .
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• C.S.I.L. 86/1106 with C.S.I.L. 86/12492.
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., p. 88 .
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., p. 101 .
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• A.R. 1884 , op. cit., p. 1431 .
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• A.R. 1885 , op. cit., pp. 642 – 643 .
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• A.R. 1886 , op. cit., p. 807 .
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• A.R. 1891 , op. cit., pp. 1090 , 1096.
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• A.R. 1883 , op. cit., pp. 96 – 100 .
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• A.R. 1891 , op. cit., p. 1089 .
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