References
- Adams, J. G., & Walls, R. M. (2020). Supporting the health care workforce during the COVID-19 global epidemic. Jama, 323(15), 1439–1440. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.3972
- Ashar, Y. K., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., Dimidjian, S., & Wager, T. D. (2017). Empathic care and distress: Predictive brain markers and dissociable brain systems. Neuron, 94(6), 1263–1273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.014
- Australian Association of Social Workers. (2010). Code of ethics. https://www.aasw.asn.au/practitioner-resources/code-of-ethics
- Batson, C. D. (2011). Altruism in humans. Oxford University Press.
- Batson, C. D. (2017). The empathy–altruism hypothesis. In E. Seppala (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of compassion science (pp. 27–40). Oxford University Press.
- Berry, D. R., Cairo, A. H., Goodman, R. J., Quaglia, J. T., Green, J. D., & Brown, K. W. (2018). Mindfulness increases prosocial responses toward ostracized strangers through empathic concern. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000392
- Blum, L. (1980). Compassion. In A. O. Rorty (Ed.), Explaining emotions (pp. 507–571). University of California Press.
- Burridge, L. H., Winch, S., Kay, M., & Henderson, A. (2017). Building compassion literacy: Enabling care in primary health care nursing. Collegian, 24(1), 85–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2015.09.004
- Cassell, E. J. (2009). Compassion. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology (pp. 393–404). Oxford University Press.
- Charter for Compassion Australia. (2016). Australian lifesaver Simon Lewis helps refugees [Internet]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKDbJmBdF-0
- Cialdini, R. B., Brown, S. L., Lewis, B. P., Luce, C., & Neuberg, S. L. (1997). Reinterpreting the empathy–altruism relationship: When one into one equals oneness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(3), 481–494. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.481
- Cikara, M., Bruneau, E. G., & Saxe, R. R. (2011). Us and them: Intergroup failures of empathy. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(3), 149–153. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411408713
- Condon, P., & DeSteno, D. (2011). Compassion for one reduces punishment for another. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(3), 698–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.11.016
- Condon, P., & DeSteno, D. (2017). Enhancing compassion: Social psychological perspectives. In E. Seppala (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of compassion science (pp. 287–298). Oxford University Press.
- Cook, D. A., Levinson, A. J., Garside, S., Dupras, D. M., Erwin, P. J., & Montori, V. M. (2008). Internet-based learning in the health professions: A meta-analysis. JAMA, 300(10), 1181–1196. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.10.1181
- Crocker, J., & Canevello, A. (2008). Creating and undermining social support in communal relationships: The role of compassionate and self-image goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(3), 555–575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.95.3.555
- Cruess, S. R., Cruess, R. L., & Steinert, Y. (2008). Role modelling—making the most of a powerful teaching strategy. BMJ, 336(7646), 718–721. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39503.757847.BE
- Eisenberg, N. (2002). Empathy-related emotional responses, altruism, and their socialization. Visions of Compassion: Western Scientists and Tibetan Buddhists Examine Human Nature, 135, 131–164. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195130430.003.0007
- Feldman, C., & Kuyken, W. (2011). Compassion in the landscape of suffering. Contemporary Buddhism, 12(01), 143–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/14639947.2011.564831
- Fernando, A. T., Arroll, B., & Consedine, N. S. (2016). Enhancing compassion in general practice: It’s not all about the doctor. British Journal of General Practice, 66(648), 340–341. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X685741
- Foster, A., Trieu, M., Azutillo, E., Halan, S., & Lok, B. (2017). Teaching empathy in healthcare: From mirror neurons to education technology. Journal of Technology in Behavioural Science, 2(2), 94–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-017-0019-1
- Frampton, S. B., Guastello, S., & Lepore, M. (2013). Compassion as the foundation of patient-centered care: The importance of compassion in action. Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research, 2(5), 443–455. https://doi.org/10.2217/cer.13.54
- Francis Report. (2013). QC: Report of the mid-Staffordshire NHS foundation trust public inquiry. House of Commons: Stationary Office 2013, Vols 1–3.
- Galinsky, A. D., & Moskowitz, G. B. (2000). Perspective-taking: Decreasing stereotype expression, stereotype accessibility, and in-group favoritism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(4), 708–724. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.78.4.708
- Goetz, J. L., Keltner, D., & Simon-Thomas, E. (2010). Compassion: An evolutionary analysis and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 136(3), 351–374. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018807
- Greenaway, K. H., Quinn, E. A., & Louis, W. R. (2011). Appealing to common humanity increases forgiveness but reduces collective action among victims of historical atrocities. European Journal of Social Psychology, 41(5), 569–573. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.802
- Hein, G., Silani, G., Preuschoff, K., Batson, C. D., & Singer, T. (2010). Neural responses to ingroup and outgroup members’ suffering predict individual differences in costly helping. Neuron, 68(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.09.003
- Hofmeyer, A., Toffoli, L., Vernon, R., Taylor, R., Klopper, H. C., Coetzee, S. K., & Fontaine, D. (2018). Teaching compassionate care to nursing students in a digital learning and teaching environment. Collegian, 25(3), 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2017.08.001
- Hudson, S. K. T. J., Cikara, M., & Sidanius, J. (2019). Preference for hierarchy is associated with reduced empathy and increased counter-empathy towards others, especially out-group targets. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 85, 103871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103871
- Jeffrey, D. (2016). Empathy, sympathy and compassion in healthcare: Is there a problem? Is there a difference? Does it matter? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 109(12), 446–452. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076816680120
- Jinpa, T. (2016). A fearless heart: How the courage to be compassionate can transform our lives. Hudson Street Press.
- Kanov, J. M., Maitlis, S., Worline, M. C., Dutton, J. E., Frost, P. J., & Lilius, J. M. (2004). Compassion in organizational life. American Behavioural Scientist, 47(6), 808–827. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764203260211
- Keltner, D., Kogan, A., Piff, P. K., & Saturn, S. R. (2014). The sociocultural appraisals, values, and emotions (SAVE) framework of prosociality: Core processes from gene to meme. Annual Review of Psychology, 65(1), 425–460. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115054
- Kim, J. J., Cunnington, R., & Kirby, J. N. (2020). The neurophysiological basis of compassion: An fMRI meta-analysis of compassion and its related neural processes. Neuroscience & Biobehavioural Reviews, 108, 112–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.023
- Kinman, G., & Grant, L. (2017). Building resilience in early-career social workers: Evaluating a multi-modal intervention. British Journal of Social Work, 47(7), 1979–1998. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcw164
- Klimecki, O. M., Leiberg, S., Lamm, C., & Singer, T. (2013). Functional neural plasticity and associated changes in positive affect after compassion training. Cerebral Cortex, 23(7), 1552–1561. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhs142
- Klimecki, O., & Singer, T. (2012). Empathic distress fatigue rather than compassion fatigue? Integrating findings from empathy research in psychology and social neuroscience. In B. Oakley, A. Knafo, & G. Madhavan (Eds.), Pathological altruism (pp. 368–383). Oxford University Press.
- Ledoux, K. (2015). Understanding compassion fatigue: Understanding compassion. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(9), 2041–2050. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12686
- Ling, D., Olver, J., & Petrakis, M. (2018). Outcomes from a compassion training intervention for health care workers. Czech & Slovak Social Work/Sociální Práce/Sociálna Práca, 18(4), 88–96.
- Lown, B. A. (2016). A social neuroscience-informed model for teaching and practising compassion in health care. Medical Education, 50(3), 332–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12926
- Lown, B. A., Rosen, J., & Marttila, J. (2011). An agenda for improving compassionate care: A survey shows about half of patients say such care is missing. Health Affairs, 30(9), 1772–1778. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0539
- Mayseless, O. (2015). The caring motivation: An integrated theory. Oxford University Press.
- McCaffrey, G., & McConnell, S. (2015). Compassion: A critical review of peer-reviewed nursing literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 24(19–20), 3006–3015. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12924
- McFarland, S., Brown, D., & Webb, M. (2013). Identification with all humanity as a moral concept and psychological construct. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(3), 194–198. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412471346
- Mills, J., & Chapman, M. (2016). Compassion and self-compassion in medicine. Australasian Medical Journal, 9(5), 87–91. https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2016.2583
- Monroe, K. R. (1998). The heart of altruism: Perceptions of a common humanity. Princeton University Press.
- Nelson, S. K., Layous, K., Cole, S. W., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2016). Do unto others or treat yourself? The effects of prosocial and self-focused behaviour on psychological flourishing. Emotion, 16(6), 850–861. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000178
- Nussbaum, M. (1996). Compassion: The basic social emotion. Social Philosophy and Policy, 13(1), 27–58. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265052500001515
- Oveis, C., Horberg, E. J., & Keltner, D. (2010). Compassion, pride, and social intuitions of self-other similarity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(4), 618–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017628
- Penner, L. A., Dovidio, J. F., Piliavin, J. A., & Schroeder, D. A. (2005). Prosocial behaviour: Multilevel perspectives. Annual Review of Psychology, 56(1), 365–392. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070141
- Phillips, S. P., & Dalgarno, N. (2017). Professionalism, professionalization, expertise and compassion: A qualitative study of medical residents. BMC Medical Education, 17(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-017-0864-9
- Pommier, E. A. (2010). The compassion scale [Doctoral dissertation]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (855633530).
- Preckel, K., Kanske, P., & Singer, T. (2018). On the interaction of social affect and cognition: Empathy, compassion and theory of mind. Current Opinion in Behavioural Sciences, 19, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.07.010
- Preston, S. D. (2013). The origins of altruism in offspring care. Psychological Bulletin, 139(6), 1305–1341. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031755
- Ricard, M. (2015). Altruism: The power of compassion to change yourself and the world. Atlantic Books.
- Shea, S., & Lionis, C. (2017). The call for compassion in health care. In E. Seppala (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of compassion science (pp. 3–16). Oxford University Press.
- Sinclair, S., Russell, L. B., Hack, T. F., Kondejewski, J., & Sawatzky, R. (2017). Measuring compassion in healthcare: A comprehensive and critical review. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, 10(4), 389–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40271-016-0209-5
- Skwara, A. C., King, B. G., & Saron, C. (2017). Studies of training compassion: What we have learned; what remains unknown? In E. Seppala (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of compassion science (pp. 3–16). Oxford University Press.
- Strauss, C., Taylor, B. L., Gu, J., Kuyken, W., Baer, R., Jones, F., & Cavanagh, K. (2016). What is compassion and how can we measure it? A review of definitions and measures. Clinical Psychology Review, 47, 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.05.004
- Stürmer, S., Snyder, M., Kropp, A., & Siem, B. (2006). Empathy-motivated helping: The moderating role of group membership. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(7), 943–956. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167206287363
- Thomas, J. (2013). Association of personal distress with burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction among clinical social workers. Journal of Social Service Research, 39(3), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2013.771596
- Trzeciak, S., Roberts, B. W., & Mazzarelli, A. J. (2017). Compassionomics: Hypothesis and experimental approach. Medical Hypotheses, 107, 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2017.08.015
- TV 2 Danmark. (2017). TV 2/All that we share. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jD8tjhVO1Tc.
- Valdesolo, P., & DeSteno, D. (2011). Synchrony and the social tuning of compassion. Emotion, 11(2), 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021302
- Van Der Cingel, M. (2009). Compassion and professional care: Exploring the domain. Nursing Philosophy, 10(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-769X.2009.00397.x
- Von Dietze, E., & Orb, A. (2000). Compassionate care: A moral dimension of nursing. Nursing Inquiry, 7(3), 166–174. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1800.2000.00065.x
- Weisz, E., & Zaki, J. (2017). Empathy-building interventions: A review of existing work and suggestions for future directions. In E. Seppala (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of compassion science (pp. 3–16). Oxford University Press.
- Weng, H. Y., Lapate, R. C., Stodola, D. E., Rogers, G. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2018). Visual attention to suffering after compassion training is associated with decreased amygdala responses. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 771. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00771
- Zaki, J. (2019). Integrating empathy and interpersonal emotion regulation. Annual Review of Psychology, 71, 517–540. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050830