NOTES
- For more information on the historical development of likay see Dundi Mitchell, Staging Seduction: The Anthropology of Fun, Fantasy and Form in Likay, A Popular Thai Theatre, unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Sydney, 1990.
- Raymond Williams, Culture, Fontana Press, Glasgow, 1981.
- At performance competitions the performance is structured around the monetary gift-giving by mae yok to actors.
- Paop Borsakhrisena et al, Literary Works of Likay Playing. Research Report in the Thai National Identity Series, Thai Identity Project, Dept. of Education, 1979. These authors mention point out that the Thai term faen comes from the English ‘fan’ but signifies a closer relationship: besides meaning ‘admirer’, it also means lover, husband or wife.
- John Langer, ‘Television's ‘Personality System’ in Media, Culture and Society, No. 2, 1981.
- ibid., p. 359
- ibid., p. 359
- See ibid., for an interesting analysis of these concepts.
- Charnvit Kasetsiri, “Big Shots and Likee” in H. Phillips (ed.), Modern Thai Literature, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1987, p. 127.
- Mattani Rutnin, Transformation of The Thai Concepts of Aesthetics, Paper No. 13, Thai Khadi Research Institute, Thammasat University, Bangkok, 1983, p. 4.
- John Docker, ‘In Defense of Popular Culture’, Arena, No. 60, 1982.
- Tania Modleski, Loving with a Vengeance, Methuen, New York, 1982, p. 91.
- Pierre Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of Judgment and Taste, translated by R. Nice, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984.
- Borsakhrisena, op. cit., p. 361.
- Women actively interupt the likay performance. For a small amount of money a mae yok can ask for a particular song, scene or dance to be performed. Often the whole performance will come to a standstill as the actor leaves the stage to collect the money offered.
- John Docker, op. cit.
- Andreas Huyssen, After the Great Divide, Indiana Univ. Press, Bloomington, 1986, p. 15.
- See the introduction in Umberto Eco, Travels in Hyperreality, translated from Italian by W. Weaver, Picador, London, 1987.
- Frederic Jameson, ‘Postmodernism and Consumer Society’ in Postmodern Culture, edited by Hal Foster, Pluto Press, London and Sydney, 1985.
- Tania Modleski, op. cit., p. 28.