References
- Abeles , F B , Bosshart , R P , Forrence , L E and Habig , W H . 1971 . Preparation and purification of glucanase and chitinase from bean leaves . Plant Physiol. , 47 : 129 – 134 .
- Alabouvette , C , Lemanceau , P and Steinberg , C . 1996 . Proc. Int. Workshop Biol, Control Plant Dis. Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan . Use of nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and fluorescent pseudomonas to control Fusarium wilts , : 155 – 164 .
- Ahmed , A M , El-Moneem , K MHA , Allam , A D and Fahym , F GM . 2000 . Biological control of root–rot and wilt diseases of cotton . Assiut J Agric Sci. , 31 ( 2 ) : 269 – 285 .
- Asaka , O and Shoda , M . 1996 . Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani damping-off of tomato with Bacillius subtilis RB14 . Appl Environ Microbiol. , 62 ( 11 ) : 4081 – 4085 .
- Bartnicki-Garcia , S . 1968 . Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis and taxonomy of fungi . Annu Rev Microbiol. , 22 : 87 – 108 .
- Bartnicki-Garcia , S and Wang , M . 1983 . Phytophthora, Its Biology, Taxonomy, Ecology, and Pathology , 121 – 137 . Paul, MN : The American Phytopathological Society. Biochemical aspects of morphogenesis in Phytophthora .
- Celar , F . 2000 . Cucurbit diseases . Sodobno Kmetijstvo , 33 : 162 – 165 . [c.f. Rev Plant Pathol. 79:1037]
- Chet , I , Benhamou , N and Haran , S . 1998 . Trichoderma and Gliocladium: enzymes, biological control and commercial applications , Vol. 2 , 153 – 172 . London : Taylor and Francis, Ltd. Mycoparasitism and lytic enzymes .
- Chérif , M and Benhamou , N . 1990 . Cytochemical aspects of chitin breakdown during the parasitic action of a Trichoderma sp. on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici . Phytopathology. , 80 : 1406 – 1414 .
- Cook , R J , Thomasow , L S , Weller , D M , Fujimoto , D , Mazolla , M , Bangera , G and Kim , D S . 1995 . Molecular mechanisms of defense by rhizobacteria against root disease . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. , 92 : 4197 – 4201 .
- Di Pietro , A , Lorito , M , Hayes , C K , Broadway , R M and Harman , G E . 1993 . Endochitinase from Gliocladium virens: Isolation, characterization and synergistic antifungal activity in combination with gliotoxin . Phytopathology. , 83 : 308 – 313 .
- El-Mougy , N S . 2001 . Field application of certain biological and chemical approaches on controlling Bean wilt disease . Egypt J Phytopathol. , 29 : 69 – 78 .
- Ferreira , J HS , Matthee , F N and Thomas , A C . 1991 . Biological control of Eutypa lata on grapevine by an antagonistic strain of Bacillus subtilis . Phytopathology. , 81 : 283 – 287 .
- Fridlender , M , Inbar , J and Chet , I . 1993 . Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens by a β-1,3-glucanase-producing Pseudomonas cepacia . Soil Biol Biochem. , 25 : 1211 – 1221 .
- Gomes , R C , Semedo , L T , Soares , R M , Alviano , C S , Linhares , L F and Coelho , R R . 2000 . Chitinolytic activity of actinomycetes from a cerrado soil and their potential in biocontrol . Lett Appl Microbiol. , 30 : 146 – 150 .
- Gomes , R C , Semedo , L T , Soares , R M , Linhares , L F , Ulhoa , C J , Alviano , C S and Coelho , R R . 2001 . Purification of a thermostable endochitinase from Streptomyces RC1071 isolated from a cerrado soil and its antagonism against phytopathogenic fungi . J Appl Microbiol. , 90 : 653 – 661 .
- Harman , G E , Hayes , C K , Lorito , M , Broadway , R M , Di Pietro , A , Peterbauer , C and Tronsmo , A . 1993 . Chitinolytic enzymes of Trichoderma harzianum: Purification of chitobiosidase and endochitinase . Phytopathology. , 83 : 313 – 318 .
- Haran , S , Schickler , H , Oppenheim , A and Chet , I . 1996 . Differential expression of Trichoderma harzianum chitinases during mycoparasitism . Phytopathology. , 86 : 980 – 985 .
- Hjeljord , L and Tronsmo , A . 1998 . Trichoderma and Gliocladium: enzymes, biological control and commercial applications , Vol. 2 , 131 – 151 . London : Taylor and Francis, Ltd. Trichoderma and Gliocladium in biological control: an overview .
- Hugar , M FA . 2004 . Effect of adding some biocontrol agents on non-target microorganisms in root diseases infecting soybean and broad bean plants M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture Zagazic University, p. 178
- Inbar , J and Chet , I . 1991 . Evidence that chitinase produced by Aeromonas caviae is involved in the biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens by this bacterium . Soil Biol Biochem. , 23 : 973 – 978 .
- Lorito , M , Harman , G E , Hayes , C K , Broadway , R M , Tronsmo , A , Woo , S L and Di Pietro , A . 1993 . Chitinolytic enzymes produced by Trichoderma harzianum: Antifungal activity of purified endochitinase and chitobiosidase . Phytopathology. , 83 : 302 – 307 .
- Madi , L , Katan , T , Katan , J and Henis , Y . 1997 . Biological control of Sclerotium rolfsii and Verticillium dahliae by Talaromyces flavus is mediated by different mechanisms . Phytopathology. , 87 : 1054 – 1060 .
- Mandeel , Q and Baker , R . 1991 . Mechanisms involved in biological control of Fusarium wilt of cucumber with strains of nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum . Phytopathology. , 81 : 462 – 469 .
- Monreal , J and Reese , E T . 1969 . The chitinase of Serratia marcescens . Can J Microbiol. , 15 : 689 – 696 .
- Mathre , D E , Cook , R J and Callan , N W . 1999 . From discovery to use: traversing the world of commercializing biocontrol agents for plant disease control . Plant Disease. , 83 : 972 – 983 .
- Neler , J , Wassermann , W and Kutner , M H . 1985 . Applied linear statistical models. Regression, analysis of variance and experimental design , 2nd ed , Homewood, IL : Richard D. Irwin Inc .
- Papavizas , G C . 1985 . Trichoderma and Gliocladium: biology, ecology and potential for biocontrol . Annu Rev Phytopathol. , 23 : 23 – 54 .
- Peberdy , J F . 1990 . A review: Biochemistry of Cell Walls and Membranes in Fungi , 5 – 30 . London, Springer-Verlag : Fungal cell walls .
- Perez , C , Pauli , M and Bazerque , P . 1990 . An antibiotic assay by the agar-well diffusion method . Acta Biologiae et Medecine Experimentaalis. , 15 : 113 – 115 .
- Pleban , S , Chernin , L and Chet , I . 1997 . Chitinolytic activity of an endophytic strain of Bacillius cereus . Lett Appl Microbiol. , 25 ( 4 ) : 248 – 288 .
- Ried , J D and Ogryed-Ziak , D M . 1981 . Chitinase over producing mutant of Serratia marcescens . Appl Environ Microbiol. , 41 : 664 – 669 .
- Selitrennikoff , C P . 2001 . Antifungal proteins . Appl Environ Microbiol. , 67 : 2883 – 2894 .
- Sivan , A and Chet , I . 1989 . Degradation of fungal cell walls by lytic enzymes of Trichoderma harzianum . J Gen Microbiol. , 135 : 675 – 682 .
- Schneider , R W . 1984 . Effects of nonpathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum on celery root infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Apii and a novel use of the Lineweaver-Burk double reciprocal plot technique . Phytopathology. , 74 : 646 – 653 .
- Singh , P P , Shin , Y C , Park , C S and Chung , Y R . 1999 . Biological control of Fusarium wilt of cucumber by chitinolytic bacteria . Phytopathology. , 89 : 92 – 99 .
- Tsujibo , H , Okamoto , T , Hatano , N , Miyamoto , K , Watanabe , T , Mitsutomi , M and Inamori , Y . 2000 . Family 19 chitinases from Streptomyces thermoviolaceus OPC-520: molecular cloning and characterization . Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. , 64 : 2445 – 2453 .
- Tu , C . 1991 . Comparison of the efficacy of Gliocladium virnes and Bacillius subtilis in the control of seed rots and root rot of navy beans . Medede lingen-Van-de-Faculleit-Landbouwwe Tenschapper-Rijsuniveersitiet-Genetics , 56 : 229 – 234 . (c.f. CAB Abstract)