Measures for Assessing Student Attitudes Toward Older People

REFERENCES

• Aiken , L. S. , & West , S. G. ( 1991 ). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions . Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Boldero , J. M. , Rawlings , D. , & Haslam , N. ( 2007 ). Convergence between GNAT-assessed implicit and explicit personality . European Journal of Personality , 21 , 341 – 358 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosson , J. K. , Swann , W. B. , & Pennebaker , J. W. ( 2000 ). Stalking the perfect measure of implicit selfesteem: The blind men and the elephant revisited? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 79 , 631 – 643 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burssoni , M. J. , & Boon , S. D. ( 1998 ). Grandparental impact in young adults' relationships with their closest grandparents: The role of relationship strength and emotional closeness . International Journal of Aging and Human Development , 46 , 267 – 286 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care . ( 2001 ). National strategy for an ageing Australia . Canberra , Australia : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Commonwealth of Australia . ( 2004 ). Review of pricing arrangements in residential aged care final report . Canberra , Australia : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Cummings , S. , Adler , G. , & DeCoster , V. ( 2005 ). Factors influencing graduate-social-work students' interest in working with elders . Educational Gerontology , 31 , 643 – 655 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cummings , S. , Galambos , C. , & DeCoster , V. ( 2003 ). Predictors of MSW employment in gerontological practice . Educational Gerontology , 29 , 295 – 312 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly , A. , & Chaiken , S. ( 1992 ). The psychology of attitudes . San Diego , CA : Harcourt Brace .
   Google Scholar
• Fey , W. F. ( 1955 ). Acceptance by others and its relationship to acceptance of self and others: A revaluation . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 50 , 274 – 276 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fraboni , M. , Saltstone , R. , & Hughes , S. ( 1990 ). The Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA): An attempt at a more precise measure of ageism . Canadian Journal on Aging , 9 , 56 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furnham , A. ( 1986 ). Response bias, social desirability and dissimulation . Personality and Individual Differences , 7 , 385 – 400 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwald , A. G. , Banaji , M. R. , Rudman , L. A. , Farnham , S. D. , Nosek , B. A. , & Mellott , D. S. ( 2002 ). A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept . Psychological Review , 109 , 3 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwald , A. G. , McGhee , D. E. , & Schwartz , J. L. K. ( 1998 ). Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 74 , 1464 – 1480 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwald , A. G. , Nosek , B. A. , & Banaji , M. R. ( 2003 ). Understanding and using the implicit association test: I. An improved scoring algorithm . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 85 , 197 – 216 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Happell , B. (2002). Nursing home employment for nursing students: Valuable experience or a harsh deterrent? Journal of Advanced Nursing , 39, 529–536.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann , W. , Gschwendner , T. , Nosek , B. A. , & Schmitt , M. ( 2005 ). What moderates implicit-explicit consistency . European Review of Social Psychology , 16 , 335 – 390 .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , N. J. , Soiza , R. L. , Chua , M. , Hoyle , G. E. , MacDonald , A. , Primrose , W. R. , & Seymour , D. G. ( 2008 ). Medical student attitudes toward older people and willingness to consider a career in geriatric medicine . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 56 , 334 – 338 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan , N. ( 1961 ). Attitudes toward old people: The development of a scale and an examination of correlates . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 62 , 44 – 54 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , K. , Volans , P. J. , & Gregory , N. ( 2003 ). Trainee clinical psychologists' views on recruitment to work with older people . Ageing & Society , 23 , 83 – 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lookinland , S. , & Anson , K. ( 1995 ). Perpetuation of ageist attitudes among present and future health care personnel: Implications for elder care . Journal of Advanced Nursing , 21 , 47 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovell , M. ( 2006 ). Caring for the elderly: Changing perceptions and attitudes . Journal of Vascular Nursing , 24 , 22 – 26 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McAlpine , C. H. , Gilhooly , M. L. M. , Murray , K. , Lennox , I. M. , & Caird , F. I. ( 1995 ). Medical students and geriatric medicine . Academic Medicine , 70 , 749 – 750 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McConnell , A. R. , & Leibold , J. M. ( 2001 ). Relations among the Implicit Association Test, discriminatory behavior, and explicit measures of racial attitudes . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 37 , 435 – 442 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay , V. C. , & Caverly , R. S. ( 2004 ). The nature of family relationships between and within generations: Relations between grandparents, grandchildren, and siblings in later life . In J. F. Nussbaum & J. Coupland (Eds.) , Handbook of communication and aging research . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Millisecond Software . ( 2007 ). Inquisit (Version 2.0.61004.5) [Computer Software]. Seattle, WA .
   Google Scholar
• Nederhof , A. J. ( 1985 ). Methods of coping with social desirability bias: A review . European Journal of Social Psychology , 15 , 263 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nosek , B. A. ( 2005 ). Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 134 , 565 – 584 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nosek , B. A. , Banaji , M. R. , & Greenwald , A. G. ( 2002 ). Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration web site . Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice , 6 , 101 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmore , E. ( 1977 ). Facts on Aging: A short quiz . Gerontologist , 17 , 315 – 320 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmore , E. ( 2004 ). Ageism in Canada and the United States . Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology , 19 , 41 – 46 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Robert , R. , & Mosher-Ashley , P. M. ( 2000 ). Factors influencing college students to choose careers working with elderly persons . Educational Gerontology , 26 , 725 – 736 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudman , L. ( 2004 ). Sources of implicit attitudes . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 13 , 79 – 82 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudman , L. , & Glick , P. ( 2001 ). Prescriptive gender stereotypes and backlash toward agentic women . Journal of Social Issues , 57 , 743 – 762 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwalb , S. J. , & Sedlacek , W. E. (1990). Have college students' attitudes toward older people changed? Journal of College Student Development , 31, 127–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott , A. , & Bhutani , G. ( 1999 ). Career choices and attitudes to the Older Adult specialty . Clinical Psychology Forum , 126 , 11 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Strack , F. ( 1994 ). Response processes in social judgment . In J. R. S. Wyer & T. K. Srull (Eds.) , Handbook of social cognition ( ed. , 2nd , pp. 287 – 322 ). Hillsdale , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , C. , & Cook , F. ( 1995 ). An investigation into the factors determining the choice of specialism in clinical psychology . Clinical Psychology Forum , 78 , 13 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Westen , D. ( 2001 ). Chapter 17: Attitudes and social cognition . In Psychology: brain, behavior and culture ( ed.) , 3rd . New York , NY : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization . ( 2002 ). Active ageing: A policy framework . Madrid , Spain : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Winsberg , S. , & Ramsay , J. O. ( 1980 ). Monotone transformations to additivity using splines . Biometrika , 67 , 669 – 674 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , F. W. , De Leeuw , J. , & Takane , Y. ( 1976 ). Regression with qualitative and quantitative variables: An alternating least squares method with optimal scaling . Psychometrika , 43 , 279 – 281 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar