Understanding pickleball as a new leisure pursuit among older adults

References

• Abdullah, M. Q. (2017). Mental health and mental disorder: Promotion and prevention. Psychology and Behavioral Science International Journal, 7(2), 1–6. doi:10.19080/PBSIJ.2017.07.555708
   Google Scholar
• Atchley, R. C. (1977). The social forces in later life. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
   Google Scholar
• Boehm, J. K., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2012). The heart’s content: The association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health. Psychological Bulletin, 138(4), 655–691. doi:10.1037/a0027448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of connectedness. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education. New York, NY: Greenwood Press.
   Google Scholar
• Burch, W. R. (2009). The social circles of leisure: Competing explanations. Journal of Leisure Research, 41, 313–335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, J. (1988). Social connectedness in the creation of human connectedness. American Journal of Sociology, 94(Supplement), S95–S120. doi:10.1086/228943
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornwell, B., Laumann, E. O., & Schumm, L. P. (2008). The social connectedness of older adults: A national profile. American Sociological Review, 73, 185–203. doi:10.1177/000312240807300201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corrigan, J. D., Kolakowsky-Hayner, S., Wright, J., Bellon, K., & Carufel, P. (2013). The satisfaction with life scale. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 28(6), 489–491. doi:10.1097/HTR.0000000000000004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz-Ferreira, A., Marmeleira, J., Formigo, A., Gomes, D., & Fernandes, J. (2015). Creative dance improves physical fitness and life satisfaction in older women. Research on Aging, 37(8), 837–855. doi:10.1177/0164027514568103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diggs, J. (2008). Activity theory of aging. In S. Loue, & M. Sajatovic (Eds.), Encyclopedia of ageing and public health (pp. 79–81). New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Driver, A. (2017, November 15). Pickleball: A fast-rising sport older adults can’t get enough of. Lifetime Daily. Retrieved December 14, 2017, from https://www.lifetimedaily.com/health-benefits-of-playing-pickleball/
   Google Scholar
• Esparrago, L. (2016, July 13). New pickleball courts open for ‘fun, friendship, fitness’ for all. The Lincoln Journal Star. Retrieved from http://journalstar.com/news/local/new-pickleball-courts-open-for-fun-friendship-fitness-for-all/article_4c98d0fc-89b2-5fb0-a1d5-11bcc75fa9ac.html
   Google Scholar
• Everard, K. M., Lach, H. W., Fisher, E. B., & Baum, M. C. (2000). Relationship of activity and social support to the functional health of older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 55(4), S208–S212. doi:10.1093/geronb/55.4.S208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Ballesteros, R., Zamarron, M. D., & Ruiz, M. A. (2001). The contribution of socio-demographic and psychosocial factors to life satisfaction. Ageing & Society, 21, 25–43. doi:10.1017/S0144686X01008078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, J. (2009). Well-being and happiness: Inquiry into the future of lifelong learning (Thematic paper 4). Leicester, UK: National Institute of Adult Continuing Education. Retrieved December 26, 2017, from http://www.academia.edu/2550251/Well-being_and_happiness
   Google Scholar
• Forgeard, M. J. C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2012). Seeing the glass half full: A review of the causes and consequences of optimism. Pratiques Psychologiques, 18(2), 107–120. doi:10.1016/j.prps.2012.02.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabriel, Z., & Bowling, A. (2004). Quality of life from the perspectives of older people. Ageing and Society, 24(5), 675–691. doi:10.1017/S0144686X03001582
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gana, K., Bailly, N., Saada, Y., Joulain, M., & Alaphilippe, D. (2013). Does life satisfaction change in old age: Results from an 8-year longitudinal study. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 68(4), 540–552. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbs093
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardiner, C., Geldenhuys, G., & Gott, M. (2016). Interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness among older people: An integrative review. Health & Social Care in the Community. doi:10.1111/hsc.12367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glass, T. A., De Leon, C. M., Marottoli, R. A., & Berkman, L. F. (1999). Population based study of social and productive activities as predictors of survival among elderly Americans. Bmj, 319(7208), 478–483. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7208.478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gwozdz, W., & Sousa-Poza, A. (2010). Ageing, health and life satisfaction of the oldest old: An analysis for Germany. Social Indicators Research, 97(3), 397–417. doi:10.1007/s11205-009-9508-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamarat, E., Thompson, D., Steele, D., Matheny, K., & Simons, C. (2002). Age differences in coping resources and satisfaction with life among middle-aged, young-old, and oldest-old adults. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 163(3), 360–367. doi:10.1080/00221320209598689
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havighurst, R. J. (1961). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 1, 8–13. doi:10.1093/geront/1.1.8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havighurst, R. J. (1963). Successful aging. In R. Williams, C. Tibbitts, & W. Donahue (Eds.), Processes of aging: Social and psychological perspectives (pp. 299–320). New York, NY: Atherton Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hersch, G. (1991). Leisure and aging. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 9(2), 55–78. doi:10.1080/J148v09n02_04
   Google Scholar
• House, J. C., Landis, K. R., & Unberson, D. (1988). Social relationships and health. Science, 241, 540–545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyber, J. (2015, July 6). Pickleball keeps seniors active. The StarTribune. Retrieved from http://www.startribune.com/pickleball-keeps-seniors-active/311902351/
   Google Scholar
• Iwasaki, Y., Messina, E., Shank, J., & Coyle, C. (2015). Role of leisure in meaning-making for community-dwelling adults with mental illness: Inspiration for engaged life. Journal of Leisure Research, 47(5), 538–555.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kansky, J., & Diener, E. (2017). Benefits of well-being: Health, social relationships, work, and resilience. Journal of Positive Psychology and Wellbeing, 1(2), 129–169.
   Google Scholar
• Kavussanu, M., & McAuley, E. (1995). Exercise and optimism: Are highly active individuals more optimistic? Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17, 246–258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kent-Isaac, A. (2014, July 31). Pickleball: A game for seniors that’s sweeping the nation! Bloom Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.magbloom.com/2014/07/pickleball-a-game-for-seniors-thats-sweeping-the-nation/
   Google Scholar
• Kersten, M., Cox, C. R., & Van Enkevort, E. A. (2016). An exercise in nostalgia: Nostalgia promotes health optimism and physical activity. Journal of Psychology & Health, 31(10), 1166–1181. doi:10.1080/08870446.2016.1185524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ku, P. W., Fox, K. R., & Chen, L. J. (2016). Leisure-time physical activity, sedentary behaviors and subjective well-being in older adults: An eight-year longitudinal research. Social Indicators Research, 127(3), 1349–1361. doi:10.1007/s11205-015-1005-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemon, B. W., Bengtson, V. L., & Peterson, J. A. (1972). An exploration of the activity theory of aging: Activity types and life satisfaction among in-movers to a retirement community. Journal of Gerontology, 27(4), 511–523. doi:10.1093/geronj/27.4.511
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leung, L., & Lee, P. S. N. (2005). Multiple determinants of life quality: The roles of internet activities, use of new media, social support, and leisure activities. Telematics and Informatics, 22(3), 161–180. doi:10.1016/j.tele.2004.04.003
   Google Scholar
• Litwin, H. (2000). Activity, social network, and well-being: An empirical examination. Canadian Journal on Aging, 19, 343–362. doi:10.1017/S0714980800015038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd, K. M., & Auld, C. J. (2002). The role of leisure in determining quality of life: Issues of content and measurement. Social Indicators Research, 57, 43–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mannell, R. C. (1999). Older adults, leisure, and wellness. Journal of Leisurability, 26(2), 3–10.
   Google Scholar
• McAuley, E., Blissmer, B., Marquez, D. X., Jerome, G. J., Kramer, A. F., & Katula, J. (2000). Social relations, physical activity, and well-being in older adults. Preventive Medicine, 31(5), 608–617. doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melin, R., Fugl-Meyer, K. S., & Fugl-Meyer, A. R. (2003). Life satisfaction in 18- to 64-year-old Swedes: In relation to education, employment situation, health and physical activity. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 35(2), 84–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menec, V. H. (2003). The relation between everyday activities and successful aging: A 6-year longitudinal study. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(2), S74–S82. doi:10.1093/geronb/58.2.S74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriam, S. B., & Kee, Y. (2014). Promoting community wellbeing: The case for lifelong learning for older adults. Adult Education Quarterly, 64(2), 128–144. doi:10.1177/0741713613513633
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, H. (2003). Exploring leisure and psychological health and wellbeing: Some problematic issues in the case of Northern Ireland. Leisure Studies, 22(1), 37–50. doi:10.1080/02614360306570
   Google Scholar
• NBC News. (2014, March 18). Pickleball: The fastest-growing sport in America. Retrieved from http://www.nbcnews.com/watch/nightly-news/pickleball-the-fastest-growing-sport-in-america-199360067605
   Google Scholar
• Netz, Y., Wu, M. J., Becker, B. J., & Tenenbaum, G. (2005). Physical activity and psychological well-being in advanced age: A meta-analysis of intervention studies. Psychology and Aging, 20(2), 272–284. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.2.272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newby, J. (2017, April 17). Older adults gravitate to pickleball. Pensacola News Journal. Retrieved December 14, 2017, from http://www.pnj.com/story/sports/outdoors/breathe/2017/04/17/older-adults-gravitate-pickleball/100311912/
   Google Scholar
• Newman, D. B., Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2014). Leisure and subjective well-being: A model of psychological mechanisms as mediating factors. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15(3), 555–578. doi:10.1007/s10902-013-9435-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen, G., Wikman, J. M., Jensen, C. J., Schmidt, J. F., Gliemann, L., & Andersen, T. R. (2014). Health promotion: The impact of beliefs of health benefits, social relations and enjoyment on exercise continuation. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 24(S1), 66–75. doi:10.1111/sms.12275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nimrod, G. (2007). Retirees’ leisure: Activities, benefits, and their contribution to life satisfaction. Leisure Studies, 26(1), 65–80. doi:10.1080/02614360500333937
   Google Scholar
• Nimrod, G. (2011). The impact of leisure activity and innovation on the well-being of the very old. In L. W. Poon, & J. Cohen-Mansfield (Eds.), Understanding the well-being in the oldest old (pp. 240–257). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511920974.015
   Google Scholar
• Nimrod, G., & Shrira, A. (2016). The paradox of leisure in later life. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 71(1), 106–111. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbu143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavey, T. G., Burton, N. W., & Brown, W. J. (2015). Prospective relationships between physical activity and optimism in young and mid-aged women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 12(7), 915–923. doi:10.1123/jpah.2014-0070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietrzak, R. H., & Cook, J. M. (2013). Psychological resilience in older US veterans: Results from the national health and resilience in veterans study. Depression and Anxiety, 30(5), 432–443. doi:10.1002/da.22083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. D. (1995). Turning in, turning out: The strange disappearance of social connectedness in America. Political Science & Politics, 28, 664–683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez, A., Látková, P., & Sun, -Y.-Y. (2008). The relationship between leisure and life satisfaction: Application of activity and need theory. Social Indicators Research, 86, 163–175. doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9101-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4(3), 219–247. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1992). Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: Theoretical overview and empirical update. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, 201–228. doi:10.1007/BF01173489
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnohr, P., Kristensen, T. S., Prescott, E., & Scharling, H. (2005). Stress and life dissatisfaction are inversely associated with jogging and other types of physical activity in leisure time: The Copenhagen city heart study. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 15(2), 107–112. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2004.00394.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, T. L., Masser, B. M., & Pachana, N. A. (2015). Exploring the health and wellbeing benefits of gardening for older adults. Ageing & Society, 35(10), 2176–2200. doi:10.1017/S0144686X14000865
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sener, A., Terzioğlu, R. G., & Karabulut, E. (2007). Life satisfaction and leisure activities during men’s retirement: A Turkish sample. Aging and Mental Health, 11(1), 30–36. doi:10.1080/13607860600736349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaffer, B. (2015, December 3). Pickleball sees growth among aging demographic. Retrieved from http://clubandresortbusiness.com/2015/12/03/pickleball-sees-growth-among-aging-demographic/
   Google Scholar
• Simone, P. M., & Haas, A. L. (2013). Frailty, leisure activity and functional status in older adults: Relationship with subjective well-being. Clinical Gerontologist, 36(4), 275–293. doi:10.1080/07317115.2013.788114
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J., Borchelt, M., Maier, H., & Jopp, D. (2002). Health and well-being in the young old and oldest old. Journal of Social Issues, 58(4), 715–732. doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sport & Fitness Industry Association. (2016). Pickleball participation report 2016. Retrieved from https://www.sfia.org/reports/507_Pickleball-Participation-Report-2016
   Google Scholar
• Sunshine Coast Pickleball Association. (2016, September 9). Level-play and player ratings. Retrieved from http://www.sunshinecoastpickleball.org/schedule-and-links.html
   Google Scholar
• Toepoel, V. (2013). Ageing, leisure, and social connectedness: How could leisure help reduce social isolation of older people? Social Indicators Research, 113(1), 355–372. doi:10.1007/s11205-012-0097-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trager, C. (2017, July 1). Pickleball is a passion many seniors are picking up. Newsday. Retrieved December 14, 2017, from https://www.newsday.com/long-island/pickleball-is-a-passion-many-seniors-are-picking-up-1.13770479
   Google Scholar
• Van Ingen, E., & Van Eijck, K. (2009). Leisure and social connectedness: An analysis of types of company and activities. Leisure Sciences, 31, 192–206. doi:10.1080/01490400802686078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanderley, F. A. C., Oliveira, N. L., Marques, E., Moreira, P., Oliveira, J., & Carvalho, J. (2015). Aerobic versus resistance training effects on health-related quality of life, body composition, and function of older adults. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 34(3), 143–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wankel, L. M., & Berger, B. G. (1990). The psychological and social benefits of sport and physical activity. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(2), 167–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, K. B., Frederick, G. M., Harris, C. D., Carlson, S. A., & Fulton, J. E. (2015). US adults’ participation in specific activities: Behavioral risk factor surveillance system—2011. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 12(S1), S3–S10. doi:10.1123/jpah.2013-0521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yau, M. K. S., & Packer, T. L. (2002). Health and well-being through T’ai Chi: Perceptions of older adults in Hong Kong. Leisure Studies, 21(2), 163–178. doi:10.1080/026143602110138850
   Google Scholar