References
- Akaike, H. (1987). Factor analysis and AIC. Psychometrika, 52, 317–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02294359
- Anthony, E. G., Kritz-Silverstein, D., & Barrett-Connor, E. (2016). Optimism and mortality in older men and women: The Rancho Bernardo Study. Journal of Aging Research, 2016, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5185104
- Augusto-Landa, J. M., Pulido-Martos, M., & Lopez-Zafra, E. (2011). Does perceived emotional intelligence and optimism/pessimism predict psychological well-being? Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(3), 463–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-010-9209-7
- Bowling, A., & Iliffe, S. (2011). Psychological approach to successful ageing predicts future quality of life in older adults. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 9(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-9-13
- Bronfenbrenner, U. (1999). Environments in developmental perspective: Theoretical and operational models. In S. L. Friedman & T. D. Wachs (Eds.), Measuring environment across the life span: Emerging methods and concepts (pp. 3–28). American Psychological Association Press.
- Chrisinger, B. W., Gustafson, J. A., King, A. C., & Winter, S. J. (2019). Understanding where we are well: Neighborhood-level social and environmental correlates of well-being in the stanford well for life study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10), 1786. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101786
- Dawson-Townsend, K. (2019). Social participation patterns and their associations with health and well-being for older adults. SSM - Population Health, 8, 100424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100424
- Diener, E., Pressman, S. D., Hunter, J., & Delgadillo‐Chase, D. (2017). If, why, and when subjective well-being influences health, and future needed research. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 9(2), 133–167. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12090
- Diener, E. (2020). Subjective well being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.34
- Ferraro, K. (1993). Are black older adults health-pessimistic? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 34(3), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.2307/2137202
- Gawronski, K. A., Kim, E. S., Langa, K. M., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2016). Dispositional optimism and incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults. Psychosomatic Medicine, 78(7), 819–828. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000345
- Geiser, C. (2013). Data analysis with Mplus ( English ed.). Guilford.
- Giltay, E. J., Geleijnse, J. M., Zitman, F. G., Hoekstra, T., & Schouten, E. G. (2004). Dispositional optimism and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a prospective cohort of elderly Dutch men and women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(11), 1126–1135. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.61.11.1126
- Giordano, G. N., & Lindstrom, M. (2010). The impact of changes in different aspects of social capital and material conditions on self-rated health over time: A longitudinal cohort study. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 70(5), 700–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.044
- Gobbens, R., & Van Assen, M. (2018). Associations of environmental factors with quality of life in older adults. The Gerontologist, 58(1), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx051
- Guite, H. F., Clark, C., & Ackrill, G. (2006). The impact of the physical and urban environment on mental well-being. Public Health, 120(12), 1117–1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2006.10.005
- Hennig, C., Meila, M., Murtagh, F., & Rocci, R. (Eds.). (2019). Handbook of cluster analysis. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
- Kim, D., & Kawachi, I. (2007). U.S. state-level social capital and health-related quality of life: Multilevel evidence of main, mediating, and modifying effects. Annals of Epidemiology, 17(4), 258–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2006.10.002
- Lawless, N. M., & Lucas, R. E. (2011). Predictors of regional well-being: A county level analysis. Social Indicators Research, 101(3), 341–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9667-7
- Lawton, M. P., & Nahemow, L. (1973). Ecology and the aging process. In C. Eisdorfer & M. P. Lawton (Eds.), The psychology of adult development and aging (pp. 619–674). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10044-020
- Levy, B., Slade, M., & Kasl, S. (2002, September 1). Longitudinal benefit of positive self-perceptions of aging on functional health. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 57(5), P409–P417. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/57.5.P409
- Linzer, D. A., & Lewis, J. B. (2011). poLCA: An R package for polytomous variable latent class analysis. Journal of Statistical Software, 42(10), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v042.i10
- Litwin, H., & Shiovitz-Ezra, S. (2011). Social network type and subjective well-being in a national sample of older Americans. The Gerontologist, 51(3), 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnq094
- Lo, Y., Mendell, N. R., & Rubin, D. B. (2001). Testing the number of components in a normal mixture. Biometrika, 88(3), 767–778. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/88.3.767
- Macleod, S., Musich, S., Hawkins, K., Alsgaard, K., & Wicker, E. (2016). The impact of resilience among older adults. Geriatric Nursing, 37(4), 266–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2016.02.014
- Mathis, A., Rooks, R., & Kruger, D. (2016). Improving the neighborhood environment for urban older adults: Social context and self-rated health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010003
- Mogle, J. A., Hill, N., & McDermott, C. (2017). Subjective memory in a national sample: Predicting psychological well-being. Gerontology, 63(5), 460–468. https://doi.org/10.1159/000466691
- Montaquila, J., Freedman, V. A., Edwards, B., & Kasper, J. D. (2012). National health and aging trends study round 1 sample design and selection. NHATS Technical Paper #1. Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health. www.NHATS.org
- Moore, R. C., Eyler, L. T., Mausbach, B. T., Zlatar, Z. Z., Thompson, W. K., Peavy, G., Fazeli, P. L., & Jeste, D. V. (2015). Complex interplay between health and successful aging: Role of perceived stress, resilience, and social support. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(6), 622–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2014.08.004
- Musich, S., Wang, S. S., Kraemer, S., Hawkins, K., & Wicker, E. (2018). Purpose in life and positive health outcomes among older adults. Population Health Management, 21(2), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1089/pop.2017.0063
- Muthén, B., & Muthén, L. K. (2000). Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: Growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 24(6), 882–891. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb02070.x
- Okely, J. A., Shaheen, S. O., Weiss, A., & Gale, C. R. (2017). Wellbeing and chronic lung disease incidence: The survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe. PloS One, 12(7), e0181320. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181320
- O'Shea, R. (2018). The gender optimism gap. https://trajectorypartnership.com/blog/the-gender-optimism-gap/
- Pänkäläinen, M. T., Kerola, T. V., & Hintikka, J. J. (2015). Pessimism and the risk for coronary heart disease among middle-aged and older Finnish men and women: A ten-year follow-up study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 15(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-015-0097-y
- Poortinga, W. (2006). Social capital: An individual or collective resource for health? Social Science & Medicine (1982), 62(2), 292–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.06.008
- Putnam, R.D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.
- R Core Team. (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/
- Robertson, D., & Kenny, R. (2016). Negative perceptions of aging modify the association between frailty and cognitive function in older adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 100, 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.12.010
- Roh, S., Jang, Y., Chiriboga, D. A., Kwag, K. H., Cho, S., & Bernstein, K. (2011). Perceived neighborhood environment affecting physical and mental health: A study with Korean American older adults in New York City. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 13(6), 1005–1012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-011-9492-3
- Schafer, M., & Shippee, T. (2010). Age identity, gender, and perceptions of decline: Does feeling older lead to pessimistic dispositions about cognitive aging? The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 65B(1), 91–96. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbp046
- Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (2003). Self-regulatory processes and responses to health threats: Effects of optimism on well-being. In J. Suls & K. A. Wallston (Eds.), Social psychological foundations of health and illness (pp. 395–428). Oxford.
- Schwartz, G. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6(2), 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176344136
- Smedley, B. D., & Syme, S. L. (Eds.). (2000). Promoting health: Intervention strategies from social and behavioral research. National Academies Press.
- Spencer, S. M., Schulz, R., Rooks, R. N., Albert, S. M., Thorpe, R. J., Jr, Brenes, G. A., Harris, T. B., Koster, A., Satterfield, S., Ayonayon, H. N., & Newman, A. B. (2009). Racial differences in self-rated health at similar levels of physical functioning: An examination of health pessimism in the health, aging, and body composition study. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 64B(1), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbn007
- Toffalini, E., Borella, E., Cornoldi, C., & De Beni, R. (2016). The relevance of memory sensitivity for psychological well-being in aging. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care, and Rehabilitation, 25(8), 1943–1948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-016-1231-8
- Turcotte, P.-L., Carrier, A., Roy, V., & Levasseur, M. (2018). Occupational therapists’ contributions to fostering older adults’ social participation: A scoping review. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 81(8), 427–449. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308022617752067
- Vanderzanden, K., & Ruthig, J. (2018). Comparative optimism in older adults’ future health expectations. British Journal of Health Psychology, 23(3), 758–774. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12315
- World Health Organization. (2020). What is healthy ageing? Retrieved April 28, 2020, from https://www.who.int/ageing/healthyageing/en/
- Wurm, S., Diehl, M., Kornadt, A., Westerhof, G., & Wahl, H. (2017). How do views on aging affect health outcomes in adulthood and late life? Explanations for an established connection. Developmental Review, 46, 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2017.08.002
- Yamaguchi, A. (2013). Influences of social capital on health and well-being from qualitative approach. Global Journal of Health Science, 5(5), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v5n5p153
- Zahuranec, D. B., Skolarus, L. E., Feng, C., Freedman, V. A., & Burke, J. F. (2017). Activity limitations and subjective well-being after stroke. Neurology, 89(9), 944–950. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004286