The development, validation, and application of a retirement preparation readiness scale in Taiwan

References

• Amgai, C., & Koirala, B. (2016). Retirement preparation: Attributes of American. The Gerontologist, 56(3), 188. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw162.733
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asebedo, S. D., Seay, M. C., Archuleta, K. L., & Brase, G. (2019). The psychological predictors of older pre-retirees financial self-efficacy. Journal of Behavioral Finance, 20(2), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427560.2018.1492580
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagozz, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327
   Google Scholar
• Bodner, E., Ayalon, L., Avidor, S., & Palgi, Y. (2017). Accelerated increase and relative decrease in subjective age and changes in attitudes toward own aging over a 4-year period: Results from the health and retirement study. European Journal of Ageing, 14, 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-016-0383-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr, D. C. (2020). Alternative retirement paths and cognitive performance: Exploring the role of preretirement job complexity. The Gerontologist, 60(3), 460–471. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, R., Davis, B. J., & Richardson, D. P. (2020). The cost of retirement health care: Expectations and concerns of older workers. https://www.tiaainstitute.org/publication/cost-retirement-health-care
   Google Scholar
• Cohen-Mansfield, J., & Regev, I. (2018). Retirement preparation programs: An examination of retirement perceptions, self-mastery, and well-being. Research on Social Work Practice, 28(4), 428–437. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731516645194
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copeland, C. (2020). Retirement confidence survey: Attitudes toward retirement by women of different marital statuses. EBRI Issue Brief / Employee Benefit Research Institute, 507, 1–40.
   Google Scholar
• Earl, J. K., Gerrans, P., & Halim, V. A. (2015). Active and adjusted: Investigating the contribution of leisure, health and psychosocial factors to retirement adjustment. Leisure Sciences, 37, 354–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2015.1021881
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eismann, M., Verbeij, T., & Henkens, K. (2019). Older workers’ plans for activities in retirement: The role of opportunities, spousal support, and time perception. Psychology and Aging, 34(5), 738. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faustino, J. A., Serrano, J. O., & de Guzman, A. B. (2020). What’s on your bucket list? Utility and importance of the retirement preferences of 40–70-year-old Filipino teachers using discrete choice estimation. Educational Gerontology, 46(11), 668–677. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2020.1807086
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobserved variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fouquereau, E., Bosselut, G., Chevalier, S., Coillot, H., Demulier, V., Becker, C., & Gillet, N. (2018). Better understanding the workers’ retirement decision attitudes: Development and validation of a new measure. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genoe, M. R., Liechty, T., & Marston, H. R. (2018). Retirement transitions among baby boomers: Findings from an online qualitative study. Canadian Journal on Aging/La Revue Canadienne du Vieillissement, 37(4), 450–463. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980818000314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, P. L., Best, R. D., Pfund, G. N., Cardador, M. T., & Strecher, V. J. (2022). Older adults place greater importance than younger adults on a purposeful retirement. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 7, 914150221106093. https://doi.org/10.1177/00914150221106093
   Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kesavayuth, D., Rosenman, R. E., & Zikos, V. (2018). Retirement and health behavior. Applied Economics, 50(54), 5859–5876. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2018.1488070
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimiyagahlam, F., Safari, M., & Mansori, S. (2019). Influential behavioral factors on retirement planning behavior: The case of Malaysia. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 244–261. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.2.244
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y. H., Hsieh, C. H., & Hsiao, C. W. (2020). The service of retirement preparation program for older adults in Taiwan: From the perspectives of occupational health management specialists. Journal of Social Service Research, 47(4), 496–505. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2020.1845282
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, C., Payne, L. L., & Berdychevsky, L. (2020). The roles of leisure attitudes and self-efficacy on attitudes toward retirement among retirees: A sense of coherence theory approach. Leisure Sciences, 42(2), 152–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1448025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, W. K.,& Law, K. W.-K.(2004). Retirement planning and retirement satisfaction: The need for a national retirement program and policy in Hong Kong. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 23(3), 212–233. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464804268591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews, T., & Stephens, C. (2017). Constructing housing decisions in later life: A discursive analysis of older adults’ discussions about their housing decisions in New Zealand. Housing, Theory and Society, 34(3), 343–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2016.1248578
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClusky, H. Y. (1971). Education: Background issues. In White House Conference on Aging. Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• McDonald, R. P., & Ho, M. R. (2002). Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 64–82. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Interior Taiwan. (2021). Population by sex and 5-year age group for counties and cities. https://www.ris.gov.tw/app/en/3910
   Google Scholar
• Ng, S. M., Leng, L., & Wang, Q. (2019). Active interest mentorship for soon-to-retire people: A self-sustaining retirement preparation program. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 38(3), 344–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464816687448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nivalainen, S. (2020). From plans to action? retirement thoughts, intentions and actual retirement: An eight-year follow-up in Finland. Ageing and Society, 42(1), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20000756
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noone, J., Earl, J., Stephens, C., Rafalski, J., Allen, J., Alpass, F., & Topa, G. (2022). An application of the resource-based dynamic process model in the context of retirement planning. Work, Aging and Retirement, 8(3), 225–240. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waab006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petkoska, J, and Earl, J. K. (2009). Understanding the influence of demographic and psychological variables on retirement planning.Psychology and Aging, 24(1), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phua, V., & McNally, J. (2008). Men planning for retirement: Changing meanings of preretirement planning. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 27(5), 588–608. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464808321885
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pokorski, R., & Berg, B. W. (2017). Retirement planning: Coping with higher health care costs. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 71(3), 53–62.
   Google Scholar
• Principi, A., Smeaton, D., Cahill, K., Santini, S., Barnes, H., & Socci, M. (2020). What happens to retirement plans, and does this affect retirement satisfaction? International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 90(2), 152–175. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091415018796627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rooij, V. M., Lusardi, A., & Alessie, R. (2011). Financial literacy and stock market participation. Journal of Financial Economics, 101(2), 449–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2011.03.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segel-Karpas, D., & Werner, P. (2014). Perceived financial retirement preparedness and its correlates: A national study in Israel. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 79(4), 279–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091415015574177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidl, J., Neiva, E. R., Noone, J. H., & Topa, G. (2021). Process of retirement planning scale: Psychometric properties of the complete and short Spanish versions. Work, Aging and Retirement, 7(2), 154–165. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waaa015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solhi, M., Pirouzeh, R., & Zanjari, N. (2022). Middle-aged preparation for healthy aging: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12715-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tam, M. (2018). Retirement and learning: A longitudinal qualitative approach. Educational Gerontology, 44(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2017.1389486
   Google Scholar
• Tinsley, H. E., & Tinsley, D. J. (1987). Uses of factor analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34(4), 414–424. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.34.4.414
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topa, G., Lunceford, G., & Boyatzis, R. E. (2018). Financial planning for retirement: A psychosocial perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 2338. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02338
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. (2022). World population prospects 2022. Online Edition. https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Population/
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2002) . Active ageing: A policy framework. World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Yeung, D. Y. (2018). Adjustment to retirement: Effects of resource change on physical and psychological well-being. European Journal of Ageing, 15(3), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-017-0440-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yorgason, J. B., Segel-Karpas, D., Wheeler, B. E., Malig Canlas, J., & Smith, J. (2020). Change in retirement plans among midlife couples during an economic recession. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 75(4), 827–836. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz076
   Google Scholar