Removal of Cu²⁺ Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Starch-Graft-Acrylic Acid Hydrogels

REFERENCES

• Athavele , V.D. ; Lele , V. Thermal studies on granular maize starch and its graft copolymers with vinyl monomers . Starch 2000 , 52 , 205 – 213 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Mostafa , K.M. Synthesis of poly(acrylamide)-starch and hydrolyzed starch graft copolymers, a size base material for cotton textiles . Polymer Degradation and Stability 1997 , 55 , 125 – 130 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugahara , Y. ; Ohta , T. Synthesis of starch-graft-polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzate and its characterization . J. Applied Polymer Science 2001 , 82 , 1437 – 1443 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao , Y. ; Qing , X. ; Sun , J. ; Zhou , F. ; Lin , S. Graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto carboxymethyl starch . European Polymer Journal 2002 , 38 , 1921 – 1924 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Lu , S. ; Duan , M. ; Lin , S. Synthesis of superabsorbent starch-graft-poly (potassium acrylate-co-acrylamide) and its properties . J. Applied Polymer Science 2003 , 88 , 1536 – 1542 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Pourjuvadi , A. ; Zohuriaan-Mehr , M.J. Modification of carbohydrate polymers via grafting in air. 2. Ceric-initiated graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto natural and modified starch . Starch 2002 , 54 , 482 – 488 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Athawale , V.D. ; Lele , V. Synthesis and characterization of graft copolymers of maize starch and methacrylonitrile . Carbohydrate Polymers 2000 , 41 , 407 – 416 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athawale , V.D. ; Rathi , S.C. Effect of chain length of alkyl group of alkyl methacrylates on graft polymerization onto starch using ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator . European Polymer Journal 1997 , 33 ( 7 ), 1067 – 1071 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Çelik , M. ; Saçak , M. Synthesis and characterization of starch-poly (methylmethacrylate) graft copolymers . J. Applied Polymer Science 2002 , 86 , 53 – 57 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Choi , W.M. ; Jung , I.D. ; Kwon , S.K. ; Ha , C.S. ; Cho , W.J. Synthesis and photobiodegradable properties of graft copolymers of vinyl ketones and starch . Polymer Degradation and Stability 1998 , 61 , 15 – 20 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , L.M. ; Chen , D.Q. Grafting of 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate onto potato starch using potassium permanganate/sulfiric acid initiation system . Starch 2001 , 53 , 311 – 316 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athawale , V.D. ; Lele , V. Graft copolymerization onto starch. II. Grafting of acrylic acid and preparation of its hydrogels . Carbohydrate Polymers 1998 , 35 , 21 – 27 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Rafie , M.H. ; Zahran , M.K. ; El-Tahlawy , K.F. ; Hebeish , A. A comparative study of the polymerization of acrylic acid with native and hydrolyzed maize starches using a potassium bromate-thiourea dioxide redox initiation system . Polymer Degradation and Stability 1995 , 47 , 73 – 85 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Athawale , V.D. ; Lele , V. Recent trends in hydrogels based on starch-graft-acrylic acid: a review . Starch 2001 , 53 , 7 – 13 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Güçlü , G. ; Gürdağ , G. ; Özgümüş , S. Competitive removal of heavy metal ions by cellulose graft copolymers . J. Applied Polymer Science 2003 , 90 , 2034 – 2039 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalil , M.I. ; Farag , S. Utilization of some starch derivatives in heavy metal ions removal . J. Applied Polymer Science 1998 , 69 , 45 – 50 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chauhan , S.C. ; Mahajan , S. ; Guleria , L.K. Polymers from renewable resources: sorption of Cu2+ ions by cellulose graft copolymers . Desalination 2000 , 130 , 85 – 88 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayford , W.E. ; Wıng , R.E. ; Doane , W.M. Carboxyl-containing starch graft polymer: preparation and use in heavy metal removal . J. Applied Polymer Science 1979 , 24 , 105 – 113 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez , J. ; Casinos , I. ; Guzman , C.M. Effect of the way of an addition of the reactants in the graft copolymerization of a vinyl acetate-methyl mixture onto cellulose . J. Applied Polymer Science Part A-Polymer Chemistry 1990 , 28 , 2275 – 2292 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaşgöz , H. ; Özgümüş , S. ; Orbay , M. Modified polyacrylamide hydrogels and their application in removal of heavy metal ions . Polymer 2003 , 44 , 1785 – 1793 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar