Thermal Properties and Combustion Behaviors of Polystyrene/Surface-Modified TiO₂ Nanotubes Nanocomposites

REFERENCES

• Beecroft , L.L. ; Ober , C.K. Nanocomposite materials for optical applications . Chem. Mater. 1997 , 9 ( 6 ), 1302 – 1317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gangopadhyay , R. ; De , A. Conducting polymer nanocomposites: A brief overview . Chem. Mater. 2000 , 12 ( 3 ), 608 – 622 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan , J. ; Jacob , K.I. ; Tannenbaum , R. ; Sharaf , M.A. ; Jasiuk , I. Experimental trends in polymer nanocomposites—A review . Mat. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. 2005 , 393 ( 1–2 ), 1 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Akbari , A. ; Talebanfard , S. ; Hassan , A. The effect of the structure of clay and clay modifier on polystyrene-clay nanocomposite morphology: A review . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2010 , 49 ( 14 ), 1433 – 1444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishna , S.V. ; Pugazhenthi , G. Influence of processing conditions on the properties of polystyrene (PS)/organomontmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites prepared via solvent blending method . Int. J. Polym. Mater. 2011 , 60 ( 2 ), 144 – 162 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deka , H. ; Karak , N. Rheological study of vegetable oil based hyperbranched polyurethane/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2011 , 50 ( 8 ), 797 – 803 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikje , M.M.A. ; Garmarudi , A.B. ; Tehrani , Z.M. thermal and mechanical evaluation of epoxy resin composites by synthesis of amine-based coupling agent-nano silica complex . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2011 , 50 ( 7 ), 732 – 739 .
   Google Scholar
• Zheng , Y.P. ; Zhang , J.X. ; Yu , P.Y. Investigation of the microstructure of epoxy resin/MWNTs nanocomposite by the positron annihilation technique . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2010 , 49 ( 10 ), 1016 – 1021 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh , G. ; Patankar , R.B. ; Gupta , V.K. The preparation of polymer/silver nanocomposites and application as an antibacterial material . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2010 , 49 ( 13 ), 1329 – 1333 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibrahim , N.A. ; Chieng , B.W. ; Yunus , W.M.Z.W. Morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2010 , 49 ( 15 ), 1571 – 1580 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djokovic , V. ; Nedeljkovic , J.M. Stress relaxation in hematite nanoparticles-polystyrene composites . Macromol Rapid. Comm. 2000 , 21 ( 14 ), 994 – 997 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedrich , K. ; Zhang , Z. ; Schlarb , A.K. Effects of various fillers on the sliding wear of polymer composites . Compos. Sci. Technol. 2005 , 65 ( 15–16 ), 2329 – 2343 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu , S.R. ; Zhang , H.L. ; Zhao , C.X. ; Wang , X.Y. Studies on the properties of a new hybrid materials containing chain-extended urea and SiO2-TiO2 particles . Polymer 2005 , 46 ( 23 ), 10484 – 10492 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey , J.K. ; Reddy , K.R. ; Kumar , A.P. ; Singh , R.P. An overview on the degradability of polymer nanocomposites . Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 2005 , 88 ( 2 ), 234 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuwono , A.H. ; Liu , B.H. ; Xue , J.M. ; Wang , J. ; Elim , H.I. ; Ji , W. ; Li , Y. ; White , T.J. Controlling the crystallinity and nonlinear optical properties of transparent TiO2-PMMA nanohybrids . J. Mater. Chem. 2004 , 14 ( 20 ), 2978 – 2987 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng , J.R. ; Ozisik , R. ; Siegel , R.W. Disruption of self-assembly and altered mechanical behavior in polyurethane/zinc oxide nanocomposites . Polymer 2005 , 46 ( 24 ), 10873 – 10882 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kickelbick , G. Concepts for the incorporation of inorganic building blocks into organic polymers on a nanoscale . Prog. Polym. Sci. 2003 , 28 ( 1 ), 83 – 114 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marutani , E. ; Yamamoto , S. ; Ninjbadgar , T. ; Tsujii , Y. ; Fukuda , T. ; Takano , M. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate on magnetite nanoparticles . Polymer 2004 , 45 ( 7 ), 2231 – 2235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , S.W. ; Zhou , S.X. ; Weng , Y.M. ; Wu , L.M. Synthesis of SiO2/polystyrene nanocomposite particles via miniemulsion polymerization . Langmuir 2005 , 21 ( 6 ), 2124 – 2128 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozlowski , R. ; Hassan , M.A. ; Obidzinski , B. Newly modified MMT and its application with intumescent additives as new flame retardant system for polyurethane polymer . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2008 , 47 ( 9 ), 902 – 909 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu , J. ; Jia , D.S. ; Cheng , R.S. Polypropylene composite toughened by a novel modified nano-CaCO3 . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2008 , 47 ( 6 ), 583 – 589 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhat , A.H. ; Banthia , A.K. Mechanical and dynamic analysis of poly (Vinyl alcohol)-modified inorganic filler composite . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2008 , 47 ( 2 ), 115 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parvinzadeh , M. ; Moradian , S. ; Rashidi , A. Effect of the addition of modified nanoclays on the surface properties of the resultant polyethylene terephthalate/clay nanocomposites . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2010 , 49 ( 9 ), 874 – 884 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaarei , D. ; Sarabi , A.A.; Sharif F. Using of p-phenylenediamine as modifier of montmorrilonite for preparation of epoxy-clay nanocomposites: Morphology and solvent resistance properties . Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2010 , 49 ( 3 ), 285 – 291 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshy , M.K. ; Mathew , L. ; Joseph , R. Influence of fiber surface modification on the mechanical performance of Isora-polyester composites . Int. J. Polym. Mater. 2009 , 58 ( 1 ), 2 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diebold , U. The surface science of titanium dioxide. Surf. Sci. Rep. 2003, 48 (5–8), 53–229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du , G.H. ; Chen , Q. ; Che , R.C. ; Yuan , Z.Y. ; Peng , L.M. Preparation and structure analysis of titanium oxide nanotubes . Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001 , 79 ( 22 ), 3702 – 3704 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasuga , T. ; Hiramatsu , M. ; Hoson , A. ; Sekino , T. ; Niihara , K. Formation of titanium oxide nanotube . Langmuir 1998 , 14 ( 12 ), 3160 – 3163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenne , R. Advances in the synthesis of inorganic nanotubes and fullerene-like nanoparticles . Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 2003 , 42 ( 42 ), 5124 – 5132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenne , R. Materials physics—Doping control for nanotubes . Nature 2004 , 431 ( 7009 ), 640 – 641 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdem , B. ; Hunsicker , R.A. ; Simmons , G.W. ; Sudol , E.D. ; Dimonie , V.L. ; El-Aasser , M.S. XPS and FTIR surface characterization of TiO2 particles used in polymer encapsulation . Langmuir 2001 , 17 ( 9 ), 2664 – 2669 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidorenko , A. ; Minko , S. ; Gafijchuk , G. ; Voronov , S. Radical polymerization initiated from a solid substrate . 3. Grafting from the surface of an ultrafine powder. Macromolecules 1999 , 32 ( 14 ), 4539 – 4543 .
   Google Scholar
• Yang , M.J. ; Dan , Y. Preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)/titanium oxide composite particles . Coll. Polym. Sci. 2005 , 284 ( 3 ), 243 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chem , Q. ; Du , G.H. ; Zhang , S. ; Peng , L.M. The structure of trititanate nanotubes . Acta Cryst. B 2002 , 58 , 587 – 593 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang , J.J. ; Jin , Z.S. ; Wang , X.D. ; Li , W. ; Zhang , J.W. ; Zhang , S.L. ; Guo , X.Y. ; Zhang , Z.J. Study on composition, structure nad formation proxess ouf nanotube Na2Ti2O4(OH)2 . Dalton Trans . 2003 , 3898 – 3901 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mcneill , I.C. ; Zulfiqar , M. ; Kousar , T. A detailed investigation of the products of the thermal-degradation of polystyrene . Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 1990 , 28 ( 2 ), 131 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosurkal , R. ; Samuelson , L.A. ; Smith , K.D. ; Westmoreland , P.R. ; Parmar , V.S. ; Yan , F. ; Kumar , J. ; Watterson , A.C. Nanocomposites of TiO2 and siloxane copolymers as environmentally safe flame-retardant materials . J. Macromol. Sci. A 2008 , 45 ( 11 ), 943 – 947 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathy , A.R. ; Farris , R.J. ; MacKnight , W.J. Novel fire resistant matrixes for composites from cyclic poly(butylene terephthalate) oligomers . Polym. Eng. Sci. 2007 , 47 ( 10 ), 1536 – 1543 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , H. ; Westmoreland , P.R. ; Farris , R.J. ; Coughlin , E.B. ; Plichta , A. ; Brzozowski , Z.K. Thermal decomposition and flammability of fire-resistant, UV/visible-sensitive polyarylates, copolymers and blends . Polymer 2002 , 43 ( 20 ), 5463 – 5472 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar