Influence of sex-stereotyped stimuli on the mental-rotation performance of elderly persons

References

• Alexander, G. M., & Evardone, M. (2008). Blocks and bodies: Differences in a novel version of the mental rotations test. Hormones and Behavior, 53, 177–184. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.09.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander, G. M., & Son, T. (2007). Androgens and eye movements in women and men during a test of mental rotation ability. Hormones and Behavior, 52, 197–204. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.01.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baenninger, M., & Newcombe, N. (1989). The role of experience in spatial test performance. Roles, 20, 327–344. doi:10.1007/BF00287729
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bethell-Fox, C. E., & Shepard, R. N. (1988). Mental rotation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 14, 12–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birren, J. E., & Botwinick, J. (1955). Speed of response as a function of perceptual difficulty and age. Journal of Gerontology, 10, 433–436. doi:10.1093/geronj/10.4.433
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blüchel, M., Lehmann, J., Kellner, J., & Jansen, P. (2013). The improvement in mental rotation performance in primary school-aged children after a two-week motor-training. Educational Psychology: an International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology, 33, 75–86. doi:10.1080/01443410.2012.707612
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bors, D. A., & Vigneau, F. (2011). Differences on the mental rotation test. Learning and Individual Differences, 21, 129–132. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2010.09.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerella, J., Poon, L. W., & Fozard, J. L. (1981). Mental rotation and age reconsidered. Journal of Gerontology, 36, 620–624. doi:10.1093/geronj/36.5.620
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cherney, I. D. (2008). Mom, let me play more computer games: They improve my mental rotation skills. Roles, 59, 776–786. doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9498-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clancy Dollinger, S. M. (1995). Mental rotation performance: Age, sex, and visual field differences. Developmental Neuropsychology, 11(2), 215–222. doi:10.1080/87565649509540614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, D. W., & Kimura, D. (1997). A large difference on a two-dimensional mental rotation task. Behavioral Neuroscience, 111, 845–849. doi:10.1037/0735-7044.111.4.845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle, R. A., & Voyer, D. (2013). Bodies and occlusion: Item types, cognitive processes, and sex differences in mental rotation. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66, 801–815. doi:10.1080/17470218.2012.719529
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle, R. A., & Voyer, D. (2016). Stereotype manipulation effects on math and spatial test performance: A meta-analysis. Learning and Individual Differences, 47, 103–116. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2015.12.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dror, I. E., Schmitz-Williams, I. C., & Smith, W. (2005). Older adults use mental representations that reduce cognitive load: Mental rotation utilizes holistic representations and processing. Experimental Aging Research, 31, 409–420. doi:10.1080/03610730500206725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estes, Z., & Felker, S. (2012). Confidence mediates the difference in mental rotation performance. Archives of Ual Behavior, 41, 557–570. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9875-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forstmann, B. U., Tittgemeyer, M., Wagenmakers, E. J., Derrfuss, J., Imperati, D., & Brown, S. (2011). The speed-accuracy tradeoff in the elderly brain: A structural model-based approach. Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 17242–17249. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0309-11.2011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gauthier, I., Hayward, W. G., Tarr, M. J., Anderson, A. W., Skudlarski, P., & Core, J. C. (2002). BOLD activity during mental rotation and viewpoint-dependent object recognition. Neuron, 34, 161–171. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00622-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampson, E. (1990). Variations in sex related cognitive abilities across the menstrual cycle. Brain and Cognition, 14, 26–43. doi:10.1016/0278-2626(90)90058-V
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hausmann, M., Schoofs, D., Rosenthal, H. E., & Jordan, K. (2009). Interactive effects of hormones and sex stereotypes on cognitive differences - A psychobiosocial approach. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34, 389–401. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.09.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman, J. F., & Bruce, P. R. (1983). Adults’ mental rotation of spatial information: Effects of age, and cerebral laterality. Experimental Aging Research, 9, 83–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hertzog, C., Vernon, M. C., & Rypma, B. (1993). Age differences in mental rotation task performance: The influence of speed/accuracy tradeoffs. Journal of Gerontology, 48, 150–156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horn, J. L., & Cattell, R. B. (1967). Age differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence. Acta Psychologica, 26, 107–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacewicz, M. M., & Hartley, A. A. (1979). Rotation of mental images by young and old college students: The effects of familiarity. Journal of Gerontology, 34, 396–403.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacewicz, M. M., & Hartley, A. A. (1987). Age differences in the speed of cognitive operations: resolution of inconsistent findings. Journal of Gerontology, 42, 86–88.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jansen, P., & Heil, M. (2010). Sex differences in mental rotation across adulthood. Experimental Aging Research, 36, 94–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansen, P., & Kaltner, S. (2013). Object-based and egocentric mental rotation performance in older adults: The importance of sex differences and motor ability. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 21, 1–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansen, P., Quaiser-Pohl, C., Neuburger, S., & Ruthsatz, V. (2015). Factors influencing mental-rotation with action-based gender-stereotyped objects—The role of fine motor skills. Current Psychology, 34, 466–476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaltner, S., & Jansen, P. (2016). Developmental changes in mental rotation: A dissociation between object-based and egocentric transformations. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 12, 67–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koriat, A., & Norman, J. (1985). Mental rotation and visual familiarity. Perception & Psychophysics, 37, 429–439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maitland, S. B., Intrieri, R. C., Schaie, W. K., & Willis, S. L. (2000). Sex differences and changes in cognitive abilities across the adult life span. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 7, 32–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moè, A., & Pazzaglia, F. (2006). Following the instructions!: Effects of sex beliefs in mental rotation. Learning and Individual Differences, 16, 369–377.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nazareth, A., Herrera, A., & Pruden, S. M. (2013). Explaining differences in mental rotation: Role of spatial activity experience. Cognitive Processing, 14, 201–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nettlebeck, T., & Rabbitt, P. M. A. (1992). Aging, cognitive performance, and mental speed. Intelligence, 16, 189–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuburger, S., Jansen, P., Heil, M., & Quaiser-Pohl, C. (2012). A threat in the classroom. sex stereotype activation and mental-rotation performance in elementary-school children. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 220, 61–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters, M., Laeng, B., Latham, K., Jackson, M., Zaiyouna, R., & Richardson, C. (1995). A redrawn vandenberg and kuse mental rotations test. Brain and Cognition, 28, 39–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puglisi, J. T., & Morrell, R. W. (1986). Age-related slowing in mental rotation of three-dimensional objects. Experimental Aging Research, 12, 217–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn, P. C., & Liben, L. S. (2014). A difference in mental rotation in infants: Convergent evidence. Infancy, 19, 103–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruthsatz, V., Neuburger, S., Jansen, P., & Quaiser-Pohl, C. (2014). Pellet figures, the feminine answer to cube figures? Influence of stimulus features and rotational axis on the mental-rotation performance of fourth-grade boys and girls. Spatial Cognition, 370–382.
   Google Scholar
• Ruthsatz, V., Neuburger, S., Jansen, P., & Quaiser-Pohl, C. (2015). Cars or dolls? Influence of the stereotyped nature of the items on children’s mental-rotation performance. Learning and Individual Differences, 38, 75–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruthsatz, V., Neuburger, S., Rahe, M., Jansen, P., & Quaiser-Pohl, C. (2017). The sex effect in 3D-mental-rotation performance with familiar and sex-stereotyped objects – A study with elementary-school children. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharps, M. J., & Gollin, E. S. (1987). Speed and accuracy of mental image rotation in young and elderly adults. Journal of Gerontology, 42, 342–344.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shepard, R. N., & Metzler, D. (1971). Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects. Science, 171, 701–703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starns, J. J., & Ratcliff, R. (2010). The effects of aging on the speed-accuracy compromise: Boundary optimality in the diffusion model. Psychology and Aging, 25, 377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 797–811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Techentin, C., Voyer, D., & Voyer, S. D. (2014). Spatial abilities and aging: A meta-analysis. Experimental Aging Research, 40, 395–425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandenberg, S., & Kuse, R. (1978). Mental rotation, a group test of three-dimensional spatial visualization. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 47, 599–601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voyer, D., Voyer, S., & Bryden, M. P. (1995). Magnitude of differences in spatial abilities. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 250–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2003). Stereotype lift. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 456–467.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wexler, M., Kosslyn, S. M., & Berthoz, A. (1998). Motor processes in mental rotation. Cognition, 68, 77–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wohlschläger, A., & Wohlschläger, A. (1998). Mental and manual rotation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar