Own-Age Bias and Positivity Effects in Facial Recognition

References

• Ackerman, J. M., Shapiro, J. R., Neuberg, S. L., Kenrick, D. T., Becker, D. V., Griskevicius, V., … Schaller, M. (2006). They all look the same to me (Unless they’re angry). Psychological Science, 17(10), 836–840. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01790.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bäckman, L. (1991). Recognition memory across the adult life span: The role of prior knowledge. Memory & Cognition, 19, 63–71. doi:10.3758/BF03198496
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartlett, J. C., & Fulton, A. (1991). Familiarity and recognition of faces in old age. Memory and Cognition, 19(3), 229–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartlett, J. C., & Leslie, J. E. (1986). Aging and memory for faces versus single views of faces. Memory & Cognition, 14(5), 371–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryce, M. S., & Dodson, C. S. (2013). Cross-age effect in recognition performance and memory monitoring for faces. Psychology and Aging, 28(1), 87–98. doi:10.1037/a0030213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calder, A. J., Keane, J., Manly, T., Sprengelmeyer, R., Scott, S., Nimmo-Smith, I., & Young, A. W. (2003). Facial expression recognition across the adult life span. Neuropsychologia, 41(2), 195–202. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00149-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54(3), 165–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charles, S. T., Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Aging and emotional memory: The forgettable nature of negative images for older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132(2), 310–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Argembeau, A., & Van der Linden, M. (2004). Identity but not expression memory for unfamiliar faces is affected by ageing. Memory, 12(5), 644–654. doi:10.1080/09658210344000198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebner, N. C., & Johnson, M. K. (2009). Young and older emotional faces: Are there age-group differences in expression identification and memory? Emotion, 9(3), 329–339. doi:10.1037/a0015179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebner, N. C., Johnson, M. R., Rieckmann, A., Durbin, K. A., Johnson, M. K., & Fischer, H. (2013). Processing own-age vs. other-age faces: Neuro-behavioral correlates and effects of emotion. NeuroImage, 78, 363–371. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebner, N. C., Riediger, M., & Lindenberger, U. (2010). FACES—A database of facial expressions in young, middle-aged, and older women and men: Development and validation. Behavior Research Methods, 42, 351–362. doi:10.3758/BRM.42.1.351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firestone, A., Turk-Browne, N. B., & Ryna, J. D. (2007). Age-related deficits in face recognition are related to underlying changes in scanning behavior. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 14(6), 594–607. doi:10.1080/13825580600899717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald, R. J., & Price, H. L. (2015). Eyewitness identification across the life span: A meta-analysis of age differences. Psychological Bulletin, 141(6), 1228–1265. doi:10.1037/bul0000013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, E., Lester, V., Russo, R., Bowles, R. J., Pichler, A., & Dutton, K. (2000). Facial expressions of emotion: Are angry faces detected more efficiently? Cognition & Emotion, 14(1), 61–92. doi:10.1080/026999300378996
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fruend, A. M., Kourilova, S., & Kuhl, P. (2011). Stronger evidence for own-age effects in memory for older as compared to younger adults. Memory, 19(5), 429–448. doi:10.1080/09658211.2011.583929
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fulton, A., & Bartlett, J. C. (1991). Young and old faces in young and old heads: The factor of age in face recognition. Psychology and Aging, 6(4), 623–630. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.6.4.623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gier, V. S., Kreiner, D. S., & Lampinen, J. M. (2016). Factors affecting recognition of senior citizens in a silver alert. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. doi:10.1007/s11896-016-9210-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison, V., & Hole, G. J. (2009). Evidence for a contact-based explanation of the own-age bias in face recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(2), 264–269. doi:10.3758/PBR.16.2.264
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, Y., Ebner, N. C., & Johnson, M. K. (2011). What predicts the own-age bias in face recognition memory? Social Cognition, 29(1), 97–109. doi:10.1521/soco.2011.29.1.97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hugenberg, K., Young, S. G., Bernstein, M. J., & Sacco, D. F. (2010). The categorization- individuation model: An integrative account of the other-race recognition deficit. Psychological Review, 117(4), 1168–1187. doi:10.1037/a0020463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, K. J., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2005). “We all look the same to me”: Positive emotions eliminate the own-race bias in face recognition. Psychological Science, 16(11), 875–881. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01631.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuefner, D., Macchi Cassia, V., Picozzi, M., & Bricolo, E. (2008). Do all kids look alike? Evidence for an other-age effect in adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 34(4), 811–817. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.34.4.811
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamont, A. C., Stewart-Williams, S. S., & Podd, J. (2005). Face recognition and aging: Effects of target age and memory load. Memory & Cognition, 33(6), 1017–1024. doi:10.3758/BF03193209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• List, J. A. (1986). Age and schematic differences in the reliability of eyewitness testimony. Developmental Psychology, 22(1), 50–57. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.22.1.50
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macchi Cassia, V., Kuefner, D., Picozzi, M., & Vescovo, E. (2009). Early experience predicts later plasticity for face processing: Evidence for the reactivation of dormant effects. Psychological Science, 20(7), 853–859. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02376.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macchi Cassia, V., Picozzi, M., Kuefner, D., & Casati, M. (2009). Why mix-ups don’t happen in the nursery: Evidence for an experienced-based interpretation of the other-age effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(6), 1099–1107. doi:10.1080/17470210802617654
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macchi Cassia, V., Pisacane, A., & Gava, L. (2012). No own-age bias in 3-year old children: More evidence for the role of early experience in building face-processing biases. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 113(3), 372–382. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2012.06.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (2005). Detection theory: A user’s guide. Mahwah, NJ: Psychology press.
   Google Scholar
• Mather, M., Canli, T., English, T., Whitfield, S., Wais, P., Ochsner, K., … Carstensen, L. L. (2004). Amygdala responses to emotionally valenced stimuli in older and younger adults. Psychological Science, 15(4), 259–263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Aging and attentional biases for emotional faces. Psychological Science, 14(5), 409–415. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.01455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces—A meta-analytic review. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7, 3–35. doi:10.1037/1076-8971.7.1.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Memon, A., Bartlett, J. C., Rose, R. A., & Gray, C. (2003). The aging eyewitness: Effects of age of face, delay and source memory. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 58(6), 338–345. doi:10.1093/geronb/58.6.P338
   Google Scholar
• Minear, M., & Park, D. C. (2004). A lifespan database of adult facial stimuli. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers, 36, 630–633. doi:10.3758/BF03206543
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Proietti, V., Cassia, V. M., & Mondloch, C. J. (2015). The own-age face recognition bias is task dependent. British Journal of Psychology, 106(3), 446–467. doi:10.1111/bjop.12104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randall, J. L., Tabernik, H. E., Aguilera, A. M., Anastasi, J. S., & Valk, K. V. (2012). Effects of encoding tasks on the own-age face recognition bias. The Journal of General Psychology, 139(2), 55–67. doi:10.1080/00221309.2012.657266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapcsak, S. Z., & Edmonds, E. C. (2011). The executive control of face memory. Behavioral Neurology, 24(4), 285–298. doi:10.3233/BEN-2011-0339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed, A. E., & Carstensen, L. L. (2012). The theory behind the age-related positivity effect. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 1–9. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes, M. G., & Anastasi, J. S. (2012). The own-age bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 138(1), 146–174. doi:10.1037/a0025750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savaskan, E., Müller, S. E., Böhringer, A., Philippsen, C., Müller-Spahn, F., & Schächinger, H. (2007). Age determines memory for face identity and expression. Psychogeriatrics, 7(2), 49–57. doi:10.1111/j.1479-8301.2007.00179.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snodgrass, J. G., & Corwin, J. (1988). Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117(1), 34–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sporer, S. L. (2001). The cross-race effect: Beyond recognition of faces in the laboratory. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7(1), 170–200. doi:10.1037//1076-8971.7.1.170
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan, S., & Ruffman, T. (2004). Emootion recognition deficits in the elderly. International Journal of Neuroscience, 114(3), 403–432. doi:10.1080/00207450490270901
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentine, T. (1991). A unified account of the effects of distinctiveness, inversion, and race inface recognition. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 43(2), 161–204. doi:10.1080/14640749108400966
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, G. L., & Quigley-McBride, A. (2016). Applying eyewitness identification research to the legal system: A glance at where we have been and where we could go. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5, 290–295. doi:10.1016/j.jarmac.2016.07.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiese, H., Komes, J., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2012). Daily-life contact affects the own-age bias and neural correlates of face memory in elderly participants. Neuropsychologia, 50(14), 3496–3508. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiese, H., Komes, J., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2013). Aging faces in aging minds: A review on the own-age bias in face recognition. Visual Cognition, 21(9–10), 1337–1363. doi:10.1080/13506285.2013.823139
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiese, H., Wolff, N., Steffens, M. C., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2013). How experience shapes memory for faces: An event-related potential study on the own-age bias. Biological Psychology, 94(2), 369–379. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcock, R. A., Bull, R., & Vrij, A. (2007). Are old witnesses always poorer witnesses? Identification accuracy, context reinstatement, own-age bias. Psychology, Crime, & Law, 13(3), 305–316. doi:10.1080/10683160600822212
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, D., & Stroud, J. N. (2002). Age differences in line-up identification accuracy: People are better with their own age. Law & Human Behavior, 26, 641–654. doi:10.1023/A:1020981501383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, H., Ebner, N. C., & Johnson, M. K. (2011). What predicts the own-age bias in face recognition memory? Social Cognition, 29(1), 97–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar