References
- Abbiss, C. R., & Laursen, P. B. (2008). Describing and understanding pacing strategies during athletic competition. Sports Medicine, 38(3), 239–252. doi:10.2165/00007256-200838030-00004
- Allen, S. V., & Hopkins, W. G. (2015). Age of peak competitive performance of elite athletes: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 45(10), 1431–1441. doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0354-3
- Angehrn, N., Rust, C. A., Nikolaidis, P. T., Rosemann, T., & Knechtle, B. (2016). Positive pacing in elite Ironman triathletes. Chinese Journal of Physiology, 59(6), 305–314. doi:10.4077/cjp.2016.bae418
- Berthelot, G., Len, S., Hellard, P., Tafflet, M., Guillaume, M., Vollmer, J. C., … Toussaint, J. F. (2012). Exponential growth combined with exponential decline explains lifetime performance evolution in individual and human species. Age (Dordrecht), 34(4), 1001–1009. doi:10.1007/s11357-011-9274-9
- Chavarren Cabrero, J., Jimenez Ramirez, J., Dorado Garcia, C., Ballesteros Martinez-Elorza, J. M., & Lopez Calbet, J. A. (1997). Prediction of performance in duathlon competititon. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 14(57), 17–24.
- Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Everman, S., Farris, J. W., Bay, R. C., & Daniels, J. T. (2018). Elite distance runners: A 45-year follow-up. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50(1), 73–78. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001407
- Herbst, L., Knechtle, B., Lopez, C. L., Andonie, J. L., Fraire, O. S., Kohler, G., … Rosemann, T. (2011). Pacing strategy and change in body composition during a deca iron triathlon. Chinese Journal of Physiology, 54(4), 255–263. doi:10.4077/cjp.2011.amm115
- Johnson, E. C., Pryor, J. L., Casa, D. J., Belval, L. N., Vance, J. S., DeMartini, J. K., … Armstrong, L. E. (2015). Bike and run pacing on downhill segments predict Ironman triathlon relative success. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(1), 82–87. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2013.12.001
- Knechtle, B., & Nikolaidis, P. T. (2016). Sex differences in pacing during ‘Ultraman Hawaii‘. PeerJ, 4, e2509. doi:10.7717/peerj.2509
- Knechtle, B., Rosemann, T., Zingg, M. A., Stiefel, M., & Rüst, C. A. (2015). Pacing strategy in male elite and age group 100 km ultra-marathoners. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 6, 71–80. doi:10.2147/oajsm.s79568
- Lepers, R., Stapley, P. J., & Cattagni, T. (2017). Age-related changes in endurance performance vary between modes of locomotion in men: An analysis of master world records. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, in print. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0222
- Nikolaidis, P. T., & Knechtle, B. (2017a). Do fast older runners pace differently from fast younger runners in the ‘new york city marathon‘? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 1, in print. doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002159
- Nikolaidis, P. T., & Knechtle, B. (2017b). Effect of age and performance on pacing of marathon runners. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 8, 171–180. doi:10.2147/oajsm.s141649
- Nikolaidis, P. T., & Knechtle, B. (2018). Pacing in age group marathoners in the “New York City Marathon”. Research in Sports Medicine, 26(1), 86–99. doi:10.1080/15438627.2017.1393752
- Nikolaidis, P. T., Villiger, E., Rosemann, T., & Knechtle, B. (2018). The effect of aging on pacing strategies of cross-country skiers and the role of performance level. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 15, 4. doi:10.1186/s11556-018-0193-y
- Quinn, T. J., Manley, M. J., Aziz, J., Padham, J. L., & MacKenzie, A. M. (2011). Aging and factors related to running economy. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(11), 2971–2979. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318212dd0e
- Ronconi, M., & Alvero-Cruz, J. R. (2011). Heart rate and oxygen uptake responses in male athletes in duathlon sprint competitions. Apunts Medicina de l‘Esport, 46(172), 183–188. doi:10.1016/j.apunts.2011.02.008
- Rüst, C. A., Knechtle, B., Knechtle, P., Pfeifer, S., Rosemann, T., Lepers, R., & Senn, O. (2013). Gender difference and age-related changes in performance at the long-distance duathlon. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(2), 293–301. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825420d0
- Rüst, C. A., Rosemann, T., Lepers, R., & Knechtle, B. (2014). Changes in transition times in ‘Ironman Hawaii‘ between 1998 and 2013. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 6, 37. doi:10.1186/2052-1847-6-37
- Rüst, C. A., Rosemann, T., Zingg, M. A., & Knechtle, B. (2015). Do non-elite older runners slow down more than younger runners in a 100 km ultra-marathon? BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 7, 1. doi:10.1186/2052-1847-7-1
- Sousa-Victor, P., Garcia-Prat, L., Serrano, A. L., Perdiguero, E., & Munoz-Canoves, P. (2015). Muscle stem cell aging: Regulation and rejuvenation. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 26(6), 287–296. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2015.03.006
- Stones, M. J., & Hartin, A. (2017). Aging and Half-Ironman performance. Experimental Aging Research, 43, 178–191. doi:10.1080/0361073X.2017.1276378
- Taylor, D., & Smith, M. F. (2014). Effects of deceptive running speed on physiology, perceptual responses, and performance during sprint-distance triathlon. Physiology & Behavior, 133, 45–52. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.05.002
- Tong, R. J., & Rees, J. A. (1996). Determinants of performance in the duathlon. Journal of Sports Sciences, 14(1), 58–59.
- Vallier, J. M., Mazure, C., Hausswirth, C., Bernard, T., & Brisswalter, J. (2003). Energy cost of running in a specified duathlon series. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 28(5), 673–684.
- Wu, S. S., Peiffer, J. J., Brisswalter, J., Nosaka, K., Lau, W. Y., & Abbiss, C. R. (2015). Pacing strategies during the swim, cycle and run disciplines of sprint, Olympic and half-Ironman triathlons. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 115(5), 1147–1154. doi:10.1007/s00421-014-3096-2
- Wu, S. S., Peiffer, J. J., Peeling, P., Brisswalter, J., Lau, W. Y., Nosaka, K., & Abbiss, C. R. (2016). Improvement of sprint triathlon performance in trained athletes with positive swim pacing. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11(8), 1024–1028. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0580