811
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening uptake among women in Nepal – a qualitative study

, , , &
Pages 963-974 | Received 10 Mar 2020, Accepted 09 Jun 2020, Published online: 09 Jul 2020

References

  • Abiodun, O. A., O. O. Olu-Abiodun, J. O. Sotunsa, F. A. Oluwole. 2014. Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and cervical screening uptake among adult women in rural communities in Nigeria. BMC Public Health. 14(1):1–9. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-814.
  • Allen-Leigh, B., P. Uribe-Zúñiga, L. León-Maldonado, B. J. Brown, A. Lörincz, J. Salmeron, E. Lazcano-Ponce. 2017. Barriers to HPV self-sampling and cytology among low-income indigenous women in rural areas of a middle-income setting: A qualitative study. BMC Cancer 17 (1):1–11. doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3723-5.
  • Asuzu, C., E. Akin-Odanye, and A. Adejumo. 2014. Husbands’Knowledge, attitude and behavioural disposition to wives screening for cervical cancer in Ibadan. African Journal for the Psychological Studies of Social Issues 17 (2):167–76.
  • Bhandari, T. R., V. Raman Kutty, and T. K. Sundari Ravindran. 2016. Women’s autonomy and its correlates in western Nepal: A demographic study. PloS One 11 (1):1–9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147473.
  • Bruni, L., G. Albero, B. Serrano, M. Mena, D. Gómez, J. Muñoz, FX Bosch, and S. de Sanjosé. 2018. Human papillomavirus and related diseases in Nepal. Summary Report. doi: 10.1023/A:1002041122449.
  • Cronjé, H. S. 2011. Cervical screening strategies in resourced and resource-constrained countries. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. Elsevier Ltd 25 (5):575–84. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2011.05.002.
  • Cunningham, M. S., E. Skrastins, R. Fitzpatrick, P. Jindal, O. Oneko, K. Yeates, C. M. Booth, J. Carpenter, K. J. Aronson. 2015. Cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine acceptability among rural and urban women in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. BMJ Open 5 (3):1–9. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005828.
  • Darj, E., P. Chalise, and S. Shakya. 2019. Barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening in Nepal: A qualitative study. Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare. Elsevier 20 (7491):20–26. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2019.02.001.
  • Denny, L., L. Kuhn, M. De Souza, A. E. Pollack, W. Dupree, T. C. Wright. 2005. Screen-and-treat approaches for cervical cancer prevention in low-resource settings: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 294 (17):2173–81. doi:10.1001/jama.294.17.2173.
  • Fokom Defo, V., and J. Fokom Domgue. 2020. Why consider self-sampling for cervical cancer screening in low- and middle-income countries?’. AMA Journal of Ethics 22(2):E116‐E125. Published 2020 Feb 1. doi:10.1001/amajethics.2020.116.
  • Fylan, F. 1998. Screening for cervical cancer: A review of women’s attitudes, knowledge, and behaviour. British Journal of General Practice 48 (433):1509–14.
  • Glenton, C., I. B. Scheel, S. Pradhan, S. Lewin, S. Hodgins, V. Shrestha. 2010. ‘The female community health volunteer programme in Nepal: Decision makers’ perceptions of volunteerism, payment and other incentives’. Social Science and Medicine Elsevier Ltd 70 (12):1920–27. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.034.
  • The Global Cancer Observatory and WHO (2019a) Cervix Uteri. Source: Globocan 2018. doi: 10.1002/0471463752.tnmc33.
  • The Global Cancer Observatory and WHO (2019b) Nepal. Source: Globocan 2018. http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/524-nepal-fact-sheets.pdf.
  • The Global Cancer Observatory and WHO. 2019c. World. Source: Globocan 2018. http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/900-world-fact-sheets.pdf.
  • Gyawali, B., J. Keeling, E. van Teijlingen, L. Dhakal, A. ARO. 2015. Cervical cancer screening in Nepal: Ethical considerations. Medicolegal and Bioethics 5:1–6. doi:10.2147/MB.S77507.
  • Gyenwali, D., J. Pariyar, and S. R. Onta. 2013. Factors associated with late diagnosis of cervical cancer in Nepal. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 14 (7):4373‐4377. doi:10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.7.4373.
  • Joshi, M., and S. Mishra. 2013. Cervical Cancer Screening & Prevention (CCSP) in Nepal. Health Prospect 12 (1):18–20. doi:10.3126/hprospect.v12i1.8723.
  • Kerssens, J. J., J. M. Bensing, and M. G. Andela. 1997. Patient preference for genders of health. Social Science & Medicine 44 (10):1531–40. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00272-9.
  • Khatri, R. B., S. R. Mishra, and V. Khanal. 2017. Female community health volunteers in community-based health programs of Nepal: Future perspective. Frontiers in Public Health 5 (July):1–4. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00181.
  • Lee, F. H., H. H. Wang, Y. M. Yang, H. M. Tsai. 2014. Barriers faced by vietnamese immigrant women in Taiwan who do not regularly undergo cervical screenings: A qualitative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 70 (1):87–96. doi:10.1111/jan.12168.
  • Marlow, L. A. V., J. Waller, and J. Wardle. 2015. Barriers to cervical cancer screening among ethnic minority women: A qualitative study. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 41 (4):248–54. doi:10.1136/jfprhc-2014-101082.
  • Maseko, F. C., M. L. Chirwa, and A. S. Muula. 2014. Client satisfaction with cervical cancer screening in Malawi. BMC Health Services Research 14 (1):420. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-420.
  • Menger, L. M., M. R. Kaufman, J. J. Harman, S. W. Tsang, D. K. Shrestha. 2015. Unveiling the silence: Women’s sexual health and experiences in Nepal. Culture, Health and Sexuality Taylor & Francis 17 (3):359–73. doi:10.1080/13691058.2014.937462.
  • Ministry of Health and Population .2017. Annual Report - Department of Health Services 2073/74 (2016/17). Kathmandu.
  • Modibbo, F., E. Dareng, P. Bamisaye, E. Jedy-Agba, A. Adewole, L. Oyeneyin, O. Olaniyan, C. Adebamowo. 2016. Qualitative study of barriers to cervical cancer screening among Nigerian women. BMJ Open 6 (1):e008533. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008533.
  • Mouttapa, M., S. Park Tanjasiri, J. Wu Weiss, L. Sablan-Santos, J. DeGuzman Lacsamana, L. Quitugua, P. Flores, P. Flores, C. Paige, V. Tui’one May, et al. 2016. Associations between women’s perception of their husbands’/partners’ social support and pap screening in pacific islander communities. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 28 (1):61–71. doi:10.1177/1010539515613412.
  • Nepal Development Society .2019. About NEDS. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://nedsnepal.org.np/about/.
  • The Nepal NCDI Poverty Comission. 2018. Reframing noncommunicable diseases and injuries for the poorest billion The Nepal NCDI poverty commission: An equity initiative to address noncommunicable diseases and injuries.
  • Neupane, D., C. S. McLachlan, B. Christensen, A. Karki, H. B. Perry, P. Kallestrup. 2016. Community-based intervention for blood pressure reduction in Nepal (COBIN trial): Study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Trials 17 (1):1–7. doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1412-3.
  • Neupane, D., C. S. Mclachlan, R. Gautam, S. R. Mishra, M. Thorlund, M. Schlütter, P. Kallestrup. 2015. Literacy and motivation for the prevention and control of hypertension among female community health volunteers: A qualitative study from Nepal. Global Health Action 8 (1):28254. doi:10.3402/gha.v8.28254.
  • Nutbeam, D., E. Harris, and M. Wise. 2010. Theory in a Nutshell: A practical guide to health promotion theories. 3rd ed. Australia: McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd.
  • Nyblade, L., M. Stockton, S. Travasso, S. Krishnan. 2017. A qualitative exploration of cervical and breast cancer stigma in Karnataka, India. BMC Women’s Health 17:58. doi:10.1186/s12905-017-0407-x.
  • Olson, B., B. Gribble, J. Dias, C. Curryer, K. Vo, P. Kowal, J. Byles. 2016. Cervical cancer screening programs and guidelines in low- and middle-income countries. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 134(3):239–46. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2016.03.011.
  • Panday, S., P. Bissell, E. van Teijlingen, P. Simkhada. 2017. The contribution of female community health volunteers (FCHVs) to maternity care in Nepal: A qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research 17 (1):1–11. doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2567-7.
  • Paskett, E. D., J. M. McLaughlin, A. M. Lehman, M. L. Katz, C. M. Tatum, J. M. Oliveri. 2011. Evaluating the efficacy of lay health advisors for increasing risk-appropriate pap test screening: A randomized controlled trial among Ohio appalachian women. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 20 (5):835–43. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0880.
  • Pun, K. D., J. J. Infanti, R. Koju, B. Schei, E. Darj. 2016. Community perceptions on domestic violence against pregnant women in Nepal: A qualitative study. Global Health Action 9 (1):1. doi:10.3402/GHA.V9.31964.
  • Ragan, K. R., N. Buchanan Lunsford, J. Lee Smith, M. Saraiya, M. Aketch. 2018. Perspectives of Screening-Eligible Women and Male Partners on Benefits of and Barriers to Treatment for Precancerous Lesions and Cervical Cancer in Kenya. Oncologist 23 (1):35-43. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0053
  • Sapkota, K.2011. Knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening among rural women in western Nepal. American Public Health Association. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://apha.confex.com/apha/139am/webprogram/Paper249942.html.
  • Sherpa, A. T. L. 2007. Time for an organized cervical cancer screening in Bharatpur, Nepal. Master’s thesis, University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Practice and Community Medicine, Section for International Health. https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/30021/Ang-Thesis-Aug-28-2007.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y.
  • Shrestha, A. D., D. Neupane, P. Vedsted, P. Kallestrup. 2018. Cervical cancer prevalence, incidence and mortality in low and middle income countries: A systematic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP 19 (2):319–24. doi:10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.2.319.
  • Staveteig, S., N. Shrestha, S. Gurung, K. T. Kampa. 2018. Barriers to Family Planning Use in Eastern Nepal: Results from a Mixed Methods Study. DHS Qualitative Research Studies No. 21. Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF.
  • Situ, K., and S. Neupane. 2013. Womens’s autonomy and maternal health care utilazation in Nepal. Master’s thesis. Tampere, Finland. https://tampub.uta.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/94497/GRADU-1383036353.pdf?sequence=1.
  • Thiel de Bocanegra, H., C. Trinh-Shevrin, A. P. Herrera, F. Gany. 2009. Mexican immigrant male knowledge and support toward breast and cervical cancer screening. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 11 (4):326–33. doi:10.1007/s10903-008-9161-3.
  • United Nations. 2015. Sustainable development goals. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300
  • United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). 2016. Study on selected reproductive health morbidities among women attending reproductive health camps in Nepal.
  • Wang, X., C. Fang, Y. Tan, A. Liu, G. X. Ma. 2010. Evidence-based intervention to reduce access barriers to cervical cancer screening among underserved Chinese American women. Women’s Health 19 (3):463–69. doi:10.1089/jwh.2009.1422.
  • WHO. 2013. WHO guidance note: Comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control: A healthier future for girls and women. Switzerland. www.who.int.
  • WHO. 2014a. Comprehensive cervical cancer control. A guide to essential practice. 2nd ed. Accessed June 26, 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/144785/9789241548953_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • WHO (2014b) New WHO guide to prevent and control cervical cancer. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/preventing-cervical-cancer/en/.
  • WHO (2019a) Cervical cancer. Accessed October 31, 2019. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://www.who.int/cancer/prevention/diagnosis-screening/cervical-cancer/en/
  • WHO (2019b) Cervical cancer elimination strategy. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://www.who.int/cancer/cervical-cancer/cervical-cancer-elimination-strategy.
  • World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research. 2018. Worldwide cancer data. Global cancer statistics for the most common cancers. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://www.wcrf.org/dietandcancer/cancer-trends/worldwide-cancer-data

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.