590
Views
38
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
FEATURE

A Comprehensive Approach for Habitat Restoration in the Columbia Basin

Un enfoque integral para restauración de hábitats en la cuenca de Columbia

, , , , , , , , , , , , , & show all

REFERENCES

  • Anderson, J. T., G. R. Pess, R. W. Carmichael, M. J. Ford, T. D. Cooney, C. M. Baldwin, and M. M. McClure. 2014. Planning Pacific salmon and steelhead reintroductions aimed at long-term viability and recovery. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 34 (1): 72–93.
  • Arlettaz, R., M. Schaub, J. Fournier, T. S. Reichlin, A. Sierro, J. E. M. Watson, and V. Braunisch. 2010. From publications to public actions: when conservation biologists bridge the gap between research and implementation. BioScience 60: 835–842.
  • Armitage, D., M. Marschke, and R. Plummer. 2008. Adaptive co-management and the paradox of learning. Global Environmental Change 18(1):86–98.
  • Baker, J. P., D. W. Hulse, S. V. Gregory, D. White, J. Van Sickle, P. A. Berger, D. Dole, and N. H. Schumaker. 2004. Alternative futures for the Willamette River Basin, Oregon. Ecological Applications 14: 313–324.
  • Beechie, T., H. Imaki, J. Green, A. Wade, H. Wu, G. Pess, P. Roni, J. S. Kimball, J. Stanford, P. M. Kiffney, and N. Mantua. 2013. Restoring Salmon habitat for a changing climate. River Research and Applications 29: 939–960.
  • Beechie, T. J., D. A. Sear, J. D. Olden, G. R. Pess, J. M. Buffington, H. Moir, P. Roni, and M. Pollock. 2010. Process-based principles for restoring river ecosystems. BioScience 60(3):209–222.
  • Bennett, S., G. Pess, N. Bouwes, P. Roni, R. Bilby, S. Gallagher, J. Ruzycki, T. Buehrens, K. Krueger, W. Ehinger, J. Anderson, and C. Jordan, (In Press). Progress and challenges of testing the effectiveness of stream restoration in the Pacific Northwest using intensively monitored watersheds. Fisheries.
  • Berkes, F., J. Colding, and C. Folke, editors. 2003. Navigating social-ecological systems: building resilience for complexity and change. Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • Bernhardt, E. S., M. A. Palmer, J. D. Allan, G. Alexander, K. Barnas, S. Brooks, J. Carr, S. Clayton, C. Dahm, J. Folstad-Shah, D. Galat, S. Gloss, P. Goodwin, D. Hart, B. Hassett, R. Jenkinson, S. Katz, G. M. Koldolf, P. S. Lake, R. Lave, J. L. Meyer, T. K. O'Donnell, L. Pagano, B. Powell, and E. Sudduth. 2005. Synthesizing U.S. river restoration efforts. Science 308: 636–637.
  • Bisson, P. A., J. B. Dunham, and G. H. Reeves. 2009. Freshwater ecosystems and resilience of Pacific Salmon: habitat management based on natural variability. Ecology and Society 14(1):45. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss1/art45. (September 2013).
  • Bolte, J. P. 2013. ENVISION, version 6. Available: envision.bioe.orst.edu/. (September 2013).
  • Bonneville Power Administration, Bureau of Reclamation. 2013. Benefits of tributary habitat improvement in the Columbia River Basin: results of research, monitoring and evaluation, 2007–2012. Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.salmonrecovery.gov/docs/Trib%20Benefits.pdf. (January 2014).
  • Bottom, D. L., K. K. Jones, C. A. Simenstad, and C. L. Smith. 2011. Pathways to resilience: sustaining Salmon ecosystems in a changing world. Oregon Sea Grant, Corvallis. Previously published as Ecology and Society 14(1):5. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss1/art5. (February 2014).
  • Cabin, R. J., A. Clewell, M. Ingram, T. McDonald, and V. Temperton. 2010. Bridging restoration science and practice: results and analysis of a survey from the 2009 society for Ecological Restoration International Meeting. Restoration Ecology 18: 783–788.
  • Campbell, M. R., C. Kozfkay, T. Copeland, W. Schrader, M. W. Ackerman, and S. R. Narum. 2012. Estimating abundance and life history characteristics of threatened wild Snake River Steelhead stocks by using genetic stock identification. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 141: 1310–1327.
  • Chapman, D. W. 1986. Salmon and steelhead abundance in the Columbia River in the nineteenth century. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 115: 662–670.
  • Cobb, J. N. 1931. Pacific Salmon fisheries, appendix XIII. Report to U.S. Commissioner of Fisheries fo. 1930. Bureau of Fisheries, Document Number 1092, Washington, D.C.
  • Collay, R. 2010. A community conversation about a watershed. Ecology and Society 15(3):2. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss3/resp2. (September 2013).
  • Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. 2013. The Plan: Wy-Kan-Ush-MiWa-Kish-Wit. Available: www.critfc.org/fish-and-watersheds/fish-and-habitat-restoration/the-plan-wy-kan-ush-mi-wa-kish-wit. (September 2013).
  • Cosens, B. A., and M. K. Williams. 2012. Resilience and water governance: adaptive governance in the Columbia River Basin. Ecology and Society 17(4):3. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/issues/article.php/4986. (September 2013).
  • Dale, V. H., S. Brown, R. A. Haeuber, N. T. Hobbs, N. Huntly, R. J. Naiman, W. E. Riebsame, M. G. Turner, and T. J. Valone. 2000. Ecological principles and guidelines for managing the use of land. Ecological Applications 10: 639–670.
  • Fausch, K. D., C. E. Torgersen, C. V. Baxter, and H. W. Li. 2002. Landscapes to riverscapes: bridging the gap between research and conservation of stream fishes. BioScience 52: 483–498.
  • Flitcroft, R. L., D. C. Dedrick, C. L. Smith, C. A. Thieman, and J. P. Bolte. 2009. Social infrastructure to integrate science and practice: the experience of the Long Tom Watershed Council. Ecology and Society 14(2):36. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss2/art36. (September 2013).
  • Ford, M. J., editor. 2011. Status review update for Pacific Salmon and steelhead listed under the Endangered Species Act: Pacific Northwest. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memo NMFS-NWFSC-113. Available: www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/assets/25/1730_01312012_150050_SRUpdateSal&SteelheadTM113WebFinal.pdf. (December 2013).
  • Fremier, A. K., F. A. J. DeClerck, N. A. Bosque-Perez, N. E. Carmona, R. Hill, T. Joyal, L. Keesecker, P. Z. Zios, A. Martinez-Salinas, R. Niemeyer, A. Sanfiorenzo, K. Welsh, and J. D. Wulfhorst. 2013. Understanding spatiotemporal lags in ecosystem services to improve incentives. BioScience 63: 472–482.
  • Gunderson, L. H., and C. S. Holling. 2002. Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Gunderson, L. H., and L. Pritchard, Jr. 2002. Resilience and the behavior of large-scale systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Guzy, M. R., C. L. Smith, J. P. Bolte, D. W. Hulse, and S. V. Gregory. 2008. Policy research using agent-based modeling to assess future impacts of urban expansion into farmlands and forests. Ecology and Society 13(1):37. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss1/art37. (September 2013).
  • Hampton, S., C. Strasser, and J. Tewksbury. 2013. Growing pains for ecology in the twenty-first century. BioScience 63: 69–71.
  • Healey, M. 2009. Resilient Salmon, resilient fisheries for British Columbia, Canada. Ecology and Society 14(1):2. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss1/art2. (July 2014).
  • Hess, J. E., J. M. Whiteaker, J. K. Fryer, and S. R. Narum. 2014. Monitoring stock-specific abundance, run timing, and straying of Chinook Salmon in the Columbia River using genetic stock identification (GSI). North American Journal of Fisheries Management 34(1):184–201.
  • Hobbs, R. J., E. Higgs, C. M. Hall, P. Bridgewater, F. S. Chapin III, E. C. Ellis, J. J. Ewel, L. M. Hallett, J. Harris, K. B. Hulvey, S. T. Jackson, P. L. Kennedy, C. Kueffer, L. Lach, T. C. Lantz, A. E. Lugo, J. Mascaro, S. D. Murphy, C. R. Nelson, M. P. Perring, D. M. Richardson, T. R. Seastedt, R. J. Standish, B. M. Starzomski, K. N. Suding, P. M. Tognetti, L. Yakob, and L. Yung. (2014). Managing the whole landscape: historical, hybrid, and novel ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12(10):557–564
  • Holl, K. D., E. E. Crone, and C. B. Scultz. 2003. Landscape restoration: moving from generalities to methodologies. BioScience 53: 491–502.
  • Holling, C. S. 1978. Adaptive environmental assessment and management. Blackburn Press, Caldwell, New Jersey.
  • Hulse, D., A. Branscomb, C. Enright, and J. Bolte. 2008. Anticipating floodplain trajectories: a comparison of two alternative futures approaches. Landscape Ecology 24: 1067–1090.
  • ISAB (Independent Science Advisory Board). 2011a. Columbia River food-web report. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Report ISAB 2011-1, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/fw/isab/isab2011-1. (August 2013).
  • ISAB (Independent Science Advisory Board). 2011b. Using a comprehensive landscape approach for more effective conservation and restoration. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Report ISAB 2011-4, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/fw/isab/isab2011-4. (August 2013).
  • ISAB (Independent Science Advisory Board). 2013a. Review of the 2009 Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/fw/isab/isab2013-1. (August 2013).
  • ISAB (Independent Science Advisory Board). 2013b. Review of NOAA Fisheries’ life-cycle models of salmonid populations in the Interior Columbia River Basin. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Report ISAB 2013-5, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/media/6891507/ISAB2013-5.pdf. (January 2014).
  • Isaak, D. J., C. H. Luce, B. E. Rieman, D. E. Nagel, E. E. Peterson, D. Horan, S. Parkes, and G. L. Chandler. 2010. Effects of climate change and wildfire on stream temperatures and salmon thermal habitat in a mountain river network. Ecological Applications 20: 1350–1371.
  • ISRP (Independent Scientific Review Panel). 2005. Independent scientific review panel retrospective report 1997–2005. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Report ISAB 2005-14, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/fw/isrp/isrp2005-14. (August 2013).
  • ISRP (Independent Scientific Review Panel). 2013. Geographic review final report: evaluation of anadromous fish habitat restoration projects. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Report ISRP 2013-11, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/library/isab/2013-11. (August 2013).
  • Johnson, N. K., F. J. Swanson, M. Herring, and S. Greene. 1999. Bioregional assessments: science at the crossroads of management and policy. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Jones, K. K., T. J. Cornwell, D. L. Bottom, L. A. Campbell, and S. Stein. 2014. The contribution of estuary-resident life histories to the return of adult Oncorhynchus kitsutch. Journal of Fish Biology 85(1):52–80.
  • Kania, J., and M. Kramer. 2011. Collective Impact. Stanford Social Innovation Review 52. Available: www.ssireview.org/articles/entry/collective_impact. (July 2014).
  • Kareiva, P. M., and M. Marvier. 2012. What is conservation science? BioScience 62: 962–969.
  • Kemmis, D. 1990. Community and the politics of place. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
  • Kenney, D. S. 1999. Historical and sociopolitical context of the Western watersheds movement. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 35: 493–503.
  • Lackey, R. T. 2013. Saving wild salmon: a 165 year policy conundrum. Oregon State University, Portland. Available: fw.oregonstate.edu/system/files/u2937/2013y%20-%20165%20Year%20Salmon%20Policy%20Conundrum%20-%20Dubach%20Workshop%20-%20Lackey.pdf. (February2014).
  • Lackey, R. T., D. H. Lach, and S. L. Duncan, editors. 2006. Salmon 2100: the future of wild Pacific salmon. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
  • Lee, K. N. 1993. Compass and gyroscope: integrating science and politics for the environment. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Lichatowich, J. 1999. Salmon without rivers: a history of the Pacific salmon crisis. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Lichatowich, J. 2013. Salmon, people and place. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.
  • Lichatowich, J. A., and R. N. Williams. 2009. Failures to incorporate science into fishery management and recovery programs: lessons from the Columbia River. Pages 1005–1019 in C. C. Krueger and C. E. Zimmerman, editors. Pacific salmon: ecology and management of Western Alaska's populations. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 70, Bethesda, Maryland.
  • Lindley, S. T., C. B. Grimes, M. S. Moir, W. Peterson, J. Stein, J. T. Anderson, L. W. Botsford, D. L. Bottom, C. A. Busack, T. K. Collier, J. Ferguson, J. C. Garza, A. M. Grover, D. G. Hankin, R. G. Kope, P. W. Lawson, A. Low, R. B. MacFarlane, K. Moore, M. Palmer-Zwahlen, F. B. Schwing, J. Smith, C. Tracy, R. Webb, B. K. Wells, and T. H. Williams. 2009. What caused the Sacramento River fall Chinook stock collapse? Pacific Fishery Management Council. Available: www.swr.noaa.gov/media/SalmonDeclineReport.pdf. (September 2013).
  • Mahnken, C., G. Ruggerone, W. Waknitz, and T. Flagg. 1998. A historical perspective on salmonid production from Pacific Rim hatcheries. North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission Bulletin 1: 38–53.
  • Malle, B. F., L. J. Moses, and D. A. Baldwin. 2001. Intentions and intentionality: foundations of social cognition. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge.
  • Marmorek, D. R., I. J. Parnell, M. Porter, C. Pinkham, C. A. D. Alexander, C. N. Peters, J. Hubble, C. M. Paulsen, and T. R. Fisher. 2004. A multiple watershed approach to assessing the effects of habitat restoration actions on anadromous and resident fish populations. Bonneville Power Administration, Technical Report DOE/BP-00012481-1, Portland, Oregon.
  • McClure, M., E. E. Holmes, B. L. Sanderson, and C. Jordan. 2003. A large-scale multispecies status assessment: anadromous salmonids in the Columbia River Basin. Ecological Applications 13: 964–989.
  • McDonald, L. L., R. Bilby, P. A. Bisson, C. C. Coutant, J. M. Epifanio, D. Goodman, S. Hanna, N. Huntly, E. Merrill, B. Riddell, W. Liss, E. J. Loudenslager, D. P. Philipp, W. Smoker, R. R. Whitney, and R. N. Williams. 2005. Research, monitoring and evaluation in the Columbia River Basin: lessons learned and suggestions for large scale monitoring programs. Fisheries 32: 582–590.
  • McElhany, P., M. H. Ruckelshaus, M. J. Ford, T. C. Wainwright, and E. P. Bjorkstedt. 2000. Viable salmonid populations and the recovery of evolutionary significant units. United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NMFS-NWFSC-42. Available: www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/assets/25/5561_06162004_143739_tm42.pdf. (July 2011).
  • McKean, J. A., D. J. Isaak, and C. W. Wright. 2008. Geomorphic controls on salmon nesting patterns described by a new, narrow-beam terrestrial-aquatic lidar. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6: 125–130.
  • McKinney, M., L. Scarlett, and D. Kemmis. 2010. Large landscape conservation: a strategic framework for policy and action. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Available: www.lincolninst.edu/pubs/1808_Large-Landscape-Conservation. (September 2013).
  • Menz, M. H. M., K. W. Dixon, and R. J. Hobbs. 2013. Hurdles and opportunities for landscape-scale restoration. Science 339: 526–527.
  • Miller, J. A., A. Gray, and J. Merz. 2010. Quantifying the contribution of juvenile migratory phenotypes in a population of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Marine Ecology Progress Series 408: 227–240.
  • Moore, J. W., M. McClure, L. A. Rogers, and D. E. Schindler. 2010. Synchronization and portfolio performance of threatened salmon. Conservation Letters 3: 340–348.
  • Murray-Darling Basin. 2010. Restoring the balance in the Murray-Darling Basin. Australia Government, Canberra. Available: www.environment.gov.au/resource/restoring-balance-murray-darling-basin. (February 2015).
  • Naiman, R. J. 2013. Socio-ecological complexity and the restoration of river ecosystems. Inland Waters 3: 391–410.
  • Naiman, R. J., J. R. Alldredge, D. A. Beachamp, P. A. Bisson, J. Congleton, C. J. Henny, N. Huntly, R. Lamberson, C. Levings, E. N. Merrill, W. G. Pearcy, B. E. Rieman, G. T. Ruggerone, D. Scarnecchia, P. E. Smouse, and C. C. Wood. 2012. Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109: 21201–21207.
  • Naiman, R. J., and R. E. Bilby, editors. 1998. River ecology and management: lessons from the Pacific Coastal ecoregion. Springer-Verlag, New York.
  • Nassauer, J., editor. 1997. Placing nature: culture and landscape ecology. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). 2015. Pacific Northwest salmon habitat restoration project tracking database. Available: www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/f?p=409:13. (February 2015)
  • Northwest Power Act of 1980 (Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act of 1980) U.S. Code 16: 839-839h.
  • Noss, R. F., P. Beier, W. W. Covington, R. E. Grumbine, D. B. Lindenmayer, J. W. Prather, F. Schmiegelow, T. D. Sisk, and D. J. Vosick. 2006. Recommendations for integrating restoration ecology and conservation biology in ponderosa pine forests of the Southwestern United States. Restoration Ecology 14: 4–10.
  • NPCC (Northwest Power and Conservation Council). 2009. Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program: 2009 amendments. Northwest Power and Conservation Council, Document 2009-09, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.nwcouncil.org/fw/program/program-2009-amendments. (September 2013).
  • Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2002. Status Report on Columbia River fish runs and fisheries 1938–2002. Available: www.dfw.state.or.us/fish/oscrp/crm/reports.asp. (September 2013).
  • Paquet, P. C., T. Flagg, A. Appleby, J. Barr, L. Blankenship, D. Camption, M. Delarm, T. Evelyn, D. Fast, J. Gislason, P. Kline, D. Maynard, L. Mobrand, G. Nandor, P. Seidel, and S. Smith. 2011. Hatcheries, conservation, and sustainable fisheries—achieving multiple goals: results of the hatchery scientific review group's Columbia River Basin review. Fisheries 36: 547–561.
  • Paulsen, C. M., and T. R. Fisher. 2005. Do habitat actions affect juvenile survival? An information theoretic approach applied to endangered Snake River Chinook Salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134(1):68–85.
  • Peterson, D. P., S. J. Wenger, B. E. Rieman, and D. J. Isaak. 2013. Linking climate change and fish conservation efforts using spatially explicit decision support tools. Fisheries 38(3):112–137.
  • RCC (Roundtable on the Crown of the Continent). 2012. Connecting people to sustain and enhance culture, community and conservation. Available: www.crownroundtable.org (February 2015).
  • Reeve, T., 2007. A long-term, monitoring-intensive approach to Pacific Northwest watershed restoration. Ecological Restoration 25: 73–74.
  • Reeve, T., J. Lichatowich, W. Towey, and A. Duncan. 2006. Building science and accountability into community-based restoration: can a new funding approach facilitate effective and accountable restoration. Fisheries 31(1):17–24.
  • Reeves, G. H., and S. L. Duncan. 2009. Ecological history vs. social expectations: managing aquatic ecosystems. Ecology and Society 14(2):8. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss2/art8. (September 2013).
  • Rieman, B. E., P. F. Hessburg, C. Luce, and M. R. Dare. 2010. Wildfire and management of forests and native fishes: conflict or opportunity for convergent solutions. BioScience 60: 460–468.
  • Rogers, K. H. 2006. The real river management challenge: integrating scientists, stakeholders and service agencies. River Research and Applications 22: 269–280.
  • Roni, P., K. Hanson, and T. Beechie. 2008. Global review of the physical and biological effectiveness of stream habitat rehabilitation techniques. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 28: 856–890.
  • Runge, M. C. 2011. An introduction to adaptive management for threatened and endangered species. Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 2: 220–233.
  • Russell Family Foundation. 2013. The Puyallup watershed initiative. Available: www.trff.org/puyallup-watershed/ (February 2015).
  • Sabatier, P. A., W. Focht, M. Lubell, Z. Trachtenberg, A. Vedlitz, and M. Matlock. 2005. Swimming upstream: collaborative approaches to watershed management. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge.
  • Samson, F. B., and F. L. Knopf. 2001. Archaic agencies, muddled missions, and conservation in the 21st century. BioScience 51: 869–873.
  • Scarnecchia, D. L. 1988. Salmon management and the search for values. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45: 2042–2050.
  • Schindler, D. E., R. Hilborn, B. Chasco, C. P. Boatright, T. P. Quinn, L. A. Rogers, and M. S. Webster. 2010. Population diversity and the portfolio effect in an exploited species. Nature 465: 609–612.
  • Shepard, B. B., B. E. May, and W. Urie. 2005. Status and conservation of Westslope Cutthroat Trout within the Western United States. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 25: 1426–1440.
  • Shultz, P. W. 2011. Conservation means behavior. Conservation Biology 25: 1080–1083.
  • Simenstad, C. A., J. L. Burke, J. E. O'Connor, C. Cannon, D. W. Heatwole, M. F. Ramirez, I. R. Waite, T. D. Counihan, and K. L. Jones. 2011. Columbia River estuary ecosystem classification—concept and application. U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 2011–1228, Seattle, Washington. Available: pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1228. (April 2014).
  • Smith, C. L. 2002. Institutional mapping of Oregon coastal watershed management options. Ocean and Coastal Management 45: 357–375.
  • Smith, C. L., and J. D. Gilden. 2002. Assets for moving from assessment to action in watershed restoration. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38: 653–662.
  • Smith, C. L., J. D. Gilden, B. S. Steel, and K. Mrakovcich. 1998. Sailing the shoals of adaptive management: the case of salmon in the Pacific Northwest. Environmental Management 22(5):671–681.
  • Stankey, G. H., R. N. Clark, and B. T. Bormann. 2005. Adaptive management of natural resources: theory, concepts, and management institutions. USDA, Forest Service, Report PNW-GTR-654, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/20657. (April 2014).
  • Steel, B. S., R. L. Clinton, and N. P. Lovrich. 2003. Environmental politics and policy: a comparative approach. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  • Steel, E. A., A. Fullerton, Y. Caras, M. Sheer, P. Olson, D. Jensen, J. Burke, M. Maher, and P. McElhany. 2008. A spatially explicit decision support system for watershed-scale management of salmon. Ecology and Society 13(2):50. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss2/art50. (September 2013).
  • Steel, E. A., R. M. Hughes, A. H. Fullerton, S. Schmutz, J. A. Young, M. Fukushima, S. Muhar, M. Poppe, B. E. Feist, and C. Trautwein. 2010. Are we meeting the challenges of landscape-scale riverine research? A review. Living Reviews in Landscape Research 4(1). Available: landscaperesearch.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrlr-2010-1/fulltext.html. (September 2013).
  • Stouder, D. J., P. A. Bisson, and R. J. Naiman, editors. 1997. Pacific Salmon and their ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York.
  • Tabor, G. M., A. J. Carlson, and T. Belote. 2014. Challenges and opportunities for large landscape-scale management in a shifting climate: the importance of nested adaptation responses across geospatial and temporal scales. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RMRS P-71, Fort Collins, Colorado.
  • Thurow, R. F., D. C. Lee, and B. E. Rieman. 1997. Distribution and status of seven native salmonids in the Interior Columbia River Basin and portions of the Klamath River and Great basins. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 17: 1094–1110.
  • Turner, M. G., R. H. Gardner, and R. V. O'Neill. 2001. Landscape ecology in theory and practice: pattern and process. Springer, New York.
  • Upper Salmon Basin Watershed Program. 2010. Homegrown common-sense conservation. Available: modelwatershed.org. (February 2015).
  • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2008. Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) 5-year review: summary and evaluation. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon. Available: www.fws.gov/pacific/bulltrout. (September 2013).
  • Walker, B., and D. Salt. 2006. Resilience thinking: sustaining ecosystems and people in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Walters, C. 1997. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems. Conservation Ecology 1(2):1. Available: www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol1/iss2/art1/. (April 2014).
  • Westgate, M. J., G. E. Likens, and D. B. Lindenmayer. 2012. Adaptive management of biological systems: a review. Biological Conservation 158: 128–139.
  • Wiens, J. A. 2002. Riverine landscapes: taking landscape ecology into the water. Freshwater Biology 47: 1–15.
  • Wiley, P., K. Bierly, T. Reeve, and K. Smith. 2013. When local solutions aren't enough: a strategic funding partnership to restore a large river system. The Foundation Review 5: 89–104.
  • Williams, R. N., editor. 2006. Return to the river: strategies for salmon restoration in the Columbia River Basin. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Wipfli, M. S., and C. V. Baxter. 2010. Linking ecosystems, food webs, and fish production: subsidies in salmonid watersheds. Fisheries 35(8):373–387.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.