658
Views
30
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
FEATURES

Causes and Consequences of Straying into Small Populations of Pacific Salmon

, , , &

REFERENCES

  • Achord, S., P. S. Levin, and R. W. Zabel, 2003. Density-dependent mortality in Pacific salmon: the ghost of impacts past? Ecology Letters 6: 335–342.
  • Anderson, J. H., P. L. Faulds, K. D. Burton, M. E. Koehler, W. I. Atlas, and T. P. Quinn. 2015. Dispersal and productivity of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon colonizing newly accessible habitat. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72: 454–465.
  • Araki, H., B. A. Berejikian, M. J. Ford, and M. S. Blouin. 2008. Fitness of hatchery-reared salmonids in the wild. Evolutionary Applications 1: 342–355.
  • Bams, R. A. 1976. Survival and propensity for homing as affected by presence of absence of locally adapted paternal genes in two transplanted populations of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 33: 2716–2725.
  • Beacham, T. D., J. R. Candy, B. McIntosh, C. MacConnachie, A. Tabata, K. Kaukinen, L. T. Deng, K. M. Miller, R. E. Withler, and N. Varnavskaya. 2005. Estimation of stock composition and individual identification of Sockeye Salmon on a Pacific Rim basis using microsatellite and major histocompatibility complex variation. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134: 1124–1146.
  • Berdahl, A., P. Westley, S. A. Levin, I. D. Couzin, and T. P. Quinn. 2016. A collective navigation hypothesis for homeward migration in anadromous salmonids. Fish and Fisheries 17: 525–542.
  • Berejikian, B. A., and M. J. Ford. 2004. Review of relative fitness of hatchery and natural salmon. NOAA Technical Memo NMFS-NWFSC-61, Springfield, Virginia.
  • Bett, N. N., and S. G. Hinch. 2015. Attraction of migrating adult Sockeye Salmon to conspecifics in the absence of natal chemical cues. Behavioral Ecology 26: 1180–1187.
  • Bett, N. N., and S. G. Hinch. 2016. Olfactory navigation during the spawning migration: a review and introduction of the hierarchical navigation hypothesis. Biological Reviews 91: 728–759.
  • Bisson, P. A., C. C. Coutant, D. Goodman, R. Gramling, D. Lettenmaier, J. Lichatowich, W. Liss, E. Loudenslager, L. McDonald, D. Philipp, and B. Riddell. 2002. Hatchery surpluses in the Pacific Northwest. Fisheries 27: 16–27.
  • Brenner, R. E., S. D. Moffitt, and W. S. Grant. 2012. Straying of hatchery salmon in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Environmental Biology of Fishes 94: 179–195.
  • Burnett, N. J., S. G. Hinch, M. R. Donaldson, N. B. Furey, D. A. Patterson, D. W. Roscoe, and S. J. Cooke. 2014. Alterations to dam-spill discharge influence sex-specific activity, behaviour and passage success of migrating adult Sockeye Salmon. Ecohydrology 7: 1094–1104.
  • Candy, J. R., and T. D. Beacham. 2000. Patterns of homing and straying in southern British Columbia coded-wire tagged Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations. Fisheries Research 47: 41–56.
  • Carlson, S. M., C. J. Cunningham, and P. A. H. Westley. 2014. Evolutionary rescue in a changing world. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 29: 521–530.
  • Carlson, S. M., and T. R. Seamons. 2008. A review of quantitative genetic components of fitness in salmonids: implications for adaptation to future change. Evolutionary Applications 1: 222–238.
  • Casselman, M. T., N. J. Burnett, N. N. Bett, D. McCubbing, and S. G. Hinch. 2012. BRGMON-14 effectiveness of Cayoosh flow dilution, dam operation, and fishway passage on delay and survival of upstream migration of salmon in the Seton-Anderson watershed. Annual report–2012. Report prepared for St'at'imc Government Services and BC Hydro. University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
  • Casselman, M. T., N. J. Burnett, N. N. Bett, C. T. Middleton, E. G. Martins, D. C. Braun, D. McCubbing, and S. G. Hinch. 2013. BRGMON-14 effectiveness of Cayoosh flow dilution, dam operation, and fishway passage on delay and survival of upstream migration of salmon in the Seton-Anderson watershed. Annual report–2013. Report prepared for St'at'imc Government Services and BC Hydro. University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
  • Casselman, M. T., N. J. Burnett, N. N. Bett, C. T. Middleton, V. Minke-Martin, D. C. Braun, D. McCubbing, and S. G. Hinch. 2014. BRGMON-14 effectiveness of Cayoosh flow dilution, dam operation, and fishway passage on delay and survival of upstream migration of salmon in the Seton-Anderson watershed. Annual report–2014. Report prepared for St'at'imc Government Services and BC Hydro. University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
  • Caudill, C. C., W. R. Daigle, M. L. Keefer, C. T. Boggs, M. A. Jepson, B. J. Burke, R. W. Zabel, T. C. Bjornn, and C. A. Peery. 2007. Slow dam passage in adult Columbia River salmonids associated with unsuccessful migration: delayed negative effects of passage obstacles or condition-dependent mortality? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64: 979–995.
  • Clarke, L. R., M. W. Flesher, and R. W. Carmichael. 2014. Hatchery steelhead smolt release size effects on adult production and straying. North American Journal of Aquaculture 76: 39–44.
  • Consuegra, S., E. Verspoor, D. Knox, and C. G. de Leániz. 2005. Asymmetric gene flow and evolutionary maintenance of genetic diversity in small, peripheral Atlantic Salmon populations. Conservation Genetics 6: 823–842.
  • Cram, J. M., C. E. Torgersen, R. S. Klett, G. R. Pess, D. May, T. N. Pearsons, and A. H. Dittman. 2013. Tradeoffs between homing and habitat quality for spawning site selection by hatchery-origin Chinook Salmon. Environmental Biology of Fishes 96: 109–122.
  • Crossin, G. T., S. G. Hinch, A. P. Farrell, D. A. Higgs, A. G. Lotto, J. D. Oakes, and Healey, M. C. 2004. Energetics and morphology of Sockeye Salmon: effects of upriver migratory distance and elevation. Journal of Fish Biology 65: 788–810.
  • Crozier, L. G., A. P. Hendry, P. W. Lawson, T. P. Quinn, N. J. Mantua, J. Battin, R. G. Shaw, and R. B. Huey. 2008. Potential responses to climate change in organisms with complex life histories: evolution and plasticity in Pacific salmon. Evolutionary Applications 1: 252–270.
  • DFO (Department of Fisheries and Oceans). 2014. Pre-season run size forecasts for Fraser River Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) Salmon in 2014. DFO Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Science Responses, 2014/040, Nanaimo, BC.
  • Dittman, A. H., D. May, D. A. Larsen, M. L. Moser, M. Johnston, and D. Fast. 2010. Homing and spawning site selection by supplemented hatchery- and natural-origin Yakima River spring Chinook Salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139: 1014–1028.
  • Dittman, A. H., T. N. Pearsons, R. B. Couture, and D. L. G. Noakes. 2015. Imprinting of hatchery-reared salmon to targeted spawning locations: a new embryonic paradigm for hatchery programs. Fisheries 40: 114–123.
  • Dittman, A. H., and T. Quinn. 1996. Homing in Pacific salmon: mechanisms and ecological basis. Journal of Experimental Biology 199: 83–91.
  • Eliason, E. J., T. D. Clark, M. J. Hague, L. M. Hanson, Z. S. Gallagher, K. M. Jeffries, M. K. Gale, D. A. Patterson, S. G. Hinch, and A. P. Farrell. 2011. Differences in thermal tolerance among Sockeye Salmon populations. Science 332: 109–112.
  • Essington, T. E., T. P. Quinn, and V. E. Ewert. 2000. Intra- and inter-specific competition and the reproductive success of sympatric Pacific salmon. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57: 205–213.
  • Ford, M. J., A. Murdoch, and M. Hughes. 2015. Using parentage analysis to estimate rates of straying and homing in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Molecular Ecology 24: 1109–1121.
  • Fraser, D. J., L. K. Wier, L. Bernatchez, M. M. Hansen, and E. B. Taylor. 2011. Extent and scale of local adaptation in salmonid fishes: review and meta-analysis. Heredity 106: 404–420.
  • Fretwell, M. R. 1989. Homing behavior of adult Sockeye Salmon in response to a hydroelectric diversion of homestream waters at Seton Creek. International Pacific salmon Fisheries Commission, Vancouver.
  • Goniea, T. M., M. L. Keefer, T. C. Bjornn, C. A. Peery, D. H. Bennett, and L. C. Stuehrenberg. 2006. Behavioral thermoregulation and slowed migration by adult fall Chinook Salmon in response to high Columbia River water temperatures. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 135: 408–419.
  • Gowan, C., M. K. Young, K. D. Fausch, and S. C. Riley. 1994. Restricted movement in resident stream salmonids: a paradigm lost? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51: 2626–2637.
  • Grant, J. W., and D. L. Noakes. 1987. Movers and stayers: foraging tactics of young-of-the-year Brook Charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. Journal of Animal Ecology 56:1001–1013.
  • Grant, W. S. 1997. Genetic effects of straying of non-native hatchery fish into natural populations: proceedings of the workshop. NOAA Technical Memo NMFS-NWFSC-30, Seattle.
  • Grant, W. S. 2012. Understanding the adaptive consequences of hatchery–wild interactions in Alaska salmon. Environmental Biology of Fishes 94: 325–342.
  • Hague, M. J., M. R. Ferrari, J. R. Miller, D. A. Patterson, G. L. Russell, A. P. Farrell, and S. G. Hinch. 2011. Modelling the future hydroclimatology of the lower Fraser River and its impacts on the spawning migration survival of Sockeye Salmon. Global Change Biology 17: 82–98.
  • Hamann, E. J., and B. P. Kennedy. 2012. Juvenile dispersal affects straying behaviors of adults in a migratory population. Ecology 93: 733–740.
  • Hard, J. J., and R. H. Heard. 1999. Analysis of straying variation in Alaskan hatchery Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) following transplantation. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56: 578–589.
  • Hasler, A. D., and A. T. Scholz. 1983. Olfactory imprinting and homing in salmon. Springer-Verlag, New York.
  • Hendry, A. P., C. Castric, M. T. Kinnison, and T. P. Quinn. 2004. The evolution of philopatry and dispersal versus straying in salmonids. Pages 52–91 in A. P. Hendry and S. C. Stearns, editors. Evolution illuminated: salmon and their relatives. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Hess, J. E., and A. P. Matala. 2014. Archival genetic analysis suggests recent immigration has altered a population of Chinook Salmon in an unsupplemented wilderness area. Conservation Genetics 15: 387–403.
  • Horreo, J. L., G. Machado-Schiaffino, F. Ayllon, A. M. Griffiths, D. Bright, J. R. Stevens, and E. Garcia-Vasquez. 2011. Impact of climate change and human-mediated introgression of southern European Atlantic Salmon populations. Global Change Biology 17: 1778–1787.
  • Jasper, J. R., C. Habicht, S. Moffitt, R. Brenner, J. Marsh, B. Lewis, E. C. Fox, Z. Grauvogel, S. D. R. Olive, and W.S. Grant. 2013. Source–sink estimates of genetic introgression show influence of hatchery strays on wild Chum Salmon populations in Prince William Sound, Alaska. PloS ONE 8: e81916.
  • Johnson, R. C., P. K. Weber, J. D. Wikert, M. L. Workman, R. B. MacFarlane, M. J. Grove, and A. K. Schmitt. 2012. Managed metapopulations: do salmon hatchery “sources” lead to in-river “sinks” in conservation? PLoS ONE 7: e28880.
  • Jonsson, B., N. Jonsson, and L. P. Hansen. 2003. Atlantic Salmon straying from the River Imsa. Journal of Fish Biology 62: 641–657.
  • Keefer, M. L., and C. C. Caudill. 2014. Homing and straying by anadromous salmonids: a review of mechanisms and rates. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 24: 333–368.
  • Keefer, M. L., C. C. Caudill, C. A. Peery, and C. T. Boggs. 2008a. Non-direct homing behaviours by adult Chinook Salmon in a large, multi-stock river system. Journal of Fish Biology 72: 27–44.
  • Keefer, M. L., C. A. Peery, and M. J. Heinrich. 2008b. Temperature-mediated en route migration mortality and travel rates of endangered Snake River Sockeye Salmon. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 17: 136–145.
  • Kurath, G., K. A. Garver, R. M. Troyer, E. J. Emmenegger, K. Einer-Jensen, and A. D. Anderson. 2003. Phylogeography of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in North America. Journal of General Virology 84: 803–814.
  • Labelle, M. 1992. Straying patterns of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) stocks from southeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49: 1843–1855.
  • Lapointe, M., B. Eaton, S. Driscoll, and C. Latulippe. 2000. Modelling the probability of salmonid egg pocket scour due to floods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57: 1120–1130.
  • Leider, S. A. 1989. Increased straying by adult steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri, following the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Environmental Biology of Fishes 24: 219–229.
  • Martins, E. G., S. G. Hinch, S. J. Cooke, and D. A. Patterson. 2012a. Climate effects on growth, phenology, and survival of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): a synthesis of the current state of knowledge and future research directions. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 22: 887–914.
  • Martins, E. G., S. G. Hinch, D. A. Patterson, M. J. Hague, S. J. Cooke, K. M. Miller, M. F. Lapointe, K. K. English, and A. P. Farrell. 2012b. Effects of river temperature and climate warming on stock-specific survival of adult migrating Fraser River Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka). Global Change Biology 17: 99–114.
  • McIsaac, D. O. 1990. Factors affecting the abundance of 1977–1979 brood wild fall Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Lewis River. Doctoral dissertation, University of Washington.
  • McIsaac, D. O., and T. P. Quinn. 1988. Evidence for a hereditary component in homing behavior of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45: 2201–2205.
  • Miller, K. M., A. Teffer, S. Tucker, S. Li, A. D. Schulze, M. Trudel, F. Juanes, A. Tabata, K. H. Kaukinen, N. G. Ginther, T. J. Ming, S. J. Cooke, J. M. Hipfner, D. A. Patterson, and S. G. Hinch. 2014. Infection disease, shifting climates and opportunistic predators: cumulative factors potentially impacting wild salmon declines. Evolutionary Applications 7: 812–855.
  • Muñoz, N. J., A. P. Farrell, J. W. Heath, and B. D. Neff. 2015. Adaptive potential of Pacific salmon challenged by climate change. Nature Climate Change 5: 163–166.
  • Naughton, G. P., C. C. Caudill, M. L. Keefer, T. C. Bjornn, L. C. Stuehrenberg, and C. A. Peery. 2005. Late-season mortality during migration of radio-tagged adult Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in the Columbia River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62: 30–47.
  • Naylor, R., K. Hindar, I. A. Fleming, R. Goldburg, S. Williams, J. Volpe, F. Whoriskey, J. Eagle, D. Kelso, and M. Mangel. 2005. Fugitive salmon: assessing the risks of escaped fish from net-pen aquaculture. BioScience 55: 427–437.
  • Nehlsen, W., J. E. Williams, and J. A. Lichatowich. 1991. Pacific salmon at the crossroads: stocks at risk from California, Oregon, Idaho, and Washington. Fisheries 16(2): 4–21.
  • Olsen, J. B., T. D. Beacham, M. Wetklo, L. W. Seeb, C. T. Smith, B. G. Flannery, and J. K. Wenburg. 2010. The influence of hydrology and waterway distance on population structure of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in a large river. Journal of Fish Biology 76: 1128–1148.
  • Pascual, M. A., T. P. Quinn, and H. Fuss. 1995. Factors affecting the homing of fall Chinook Salmon from Columbia River hatcheries. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 124(3): 308–320.
  • Patterson, D. A., and M. J. Hague. 2007. Evaluation of long range summer forecasts of lower Fraser River discharge and temperature conditions. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2754: 1–34.
  • Peterson, D. A., R. Hilborn, and L. Hauser. 2015. Exploratory behavior of dispersers within a metapopulation of Sockeye Salmon. Behavioral Ecology 27: 126–133.
  • Piston, A. W., and S. C. Heinl. 2012. Hatchery Chum Salmon straying studies in Southeast Alaska, 2008–2010. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fishery Manuscript Series No. 12-01, Anchorage.
  • Quinn, T. P. 1993. A review of homing and straying of wild and hatchery-produced salmon. Fisheries Research 18: 29–44.
  • Quinn, T. P. 2005. The behavior and ecology of Pacific salmon and trout. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
  • Quinn, T. P., E. L. Brannon, and A. H. Dittman. 1989. Spatial aspects of imprinting and homing in Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. Fishery Bulletin NOAA 87:769–774.
  • Quinn, T. P., E. L. Brannon, and R. P. Whitman. 1983. Pheromones and the water source preferences of adult Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum. Journal of Fish Biology 22: 677–684.
  • Quinn, T. P., and K. Fresh. 1984. Homing and straying in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from Cowlitz River hatchery, Washington. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 41: 1078–1082.
  • Rand, P. S. 2012. Ecological interactions between wild and hatchery salmonids: an introduction to the special issue. Environmental Biology of Fishes 94: 1–6.
  • Reed, T. E., D. E. Schindler, M. J. Hague, D. A. Patterson, E. Meir, R. S. Waples, and S. G. Hinch. 2011. Time to evolve? Potential evolutionary responses of Fraser River Sockeye Salmon to climate change and effects on persistence. PLoS ONE 6: e20380.
  • Reisenbichler, R. R. 1988. Relation between distance transferred from natal stream and recovery rate for hatchery Coho Salmon. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 8(2): 172–174.
  • Schindler, D. E., R. Hilborn, B. Chasco, C. P. Boatright, T. P. Quinn, L. A. Rogers, and M. S. Webster. 2010. Population diversity and the portfolio effect in an exploited species. Nature 465: 609–612.
  • Sholes, W., and R. Hallock. 1979. An evaluation of rearing fall-run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, to yearlings at feather river hatchery, with a comparison of returns from hatchery and downstream releases. California Department of Fish and Game 65: 239–255.
  • Slaney, T. L., K. D. Hyatt, T. G. Northcote, and R. J. Fielden. 1996. Status of anadromous salmon and trout in British Columbia and Yukon. Fisheries 21(10): 20–35.
  • Thedinga, J. F., A. C. Wertheimer, R. A. Heintz, J. M. Maselko, and S. D. Rice. 2000. Effects of stock, coded-wire tagging, and transplant on straying of Pink Salmon in southeastern Alaska. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57: 2076–2085.
  • Unwin, M., and T. Quinn. 1993. Homing and straying patterns of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from a New Zealand hatchery: spatial distribution of strays and effects of release date. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50: 1168–1175.
  • Valiente, A. G., E. Beall, and E. Garcia-Vasquez. 2010. Population genetics of southern European Atlantic Salmon under global change. Global Change Biology 16: 36–47.
  • Westley, P. A. H., A. H. Dittman, E. J. Ward, and T. P. Quinn. 2015. Signals of climate, conspecific density, and watershed features in patterns of homing and dispersal by Pacific salmon. Ecology 96: 2823–2833.
  • Westley, P. A. H., T. P. Quinn, and A. H. Dittman. 2013. Rates of straying by hatchery-produced Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) differ among species, life history types, and populations. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70: 735–746.
  • White, H. C. 1934. Some facts and theories concerning the Atlantic Salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 64(1): 360–362.
  • Zhivotovsky, L. A., L. K. Fedorova, G. A. Rubtsova, M. V. Shitova, T. A. Rakitskaya, V. D. Prokhorovskaya, B. P. Smirnov, A. M. Kaev, V. M. Chupakhin, V. G. Samarsky, V. P. Pogodin, S. I. Borzov, and K. I. Afanasiev. 2012. Rapid expansion of an enhanced stock of Chum Salmon and its impacts on wild population components. Environmental Biology of Fishes 94: 249–258.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.