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Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy Volume 32, 2006 - Issue 9
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Research Article

Spray Pattern Analysis for Metered Dose Inhalers I: Orifice Size, Particle Size, and Droplet Motion Correlations

H. Smyth School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
,
A. J. Hickey School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
,
G. Brace Straightforward Solutions, LLC, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
,
T. Barbour Bespak Inc., Apex, North Carolina
,
J. Gallion Polyzen, Inc. Apex, North Carolina, USA
&
J. Grove AXON Corporation, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
Pages 1033-1041 | Published online: 25 Sep 2008

REFERENCES

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  • Cummings R. H., Childers A. G., Riebe M. Analytical development and testing. Metered Dose Inhaler Technology, T. S. Purewal, D. J. W. Grant. Informa UK Ltd, Buffalo Grove, IL 1998; 147–184
  • Dunbar C. A. Atomization mechanisms of the pressurized metered dose inhaler. Part. Sci. Technol 1998; 15(3–4)253–271
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  • FDA. (1998). “Guidance for industry metered dose inhaler (MDI) and dry powder inhaler (DPI) drug products”. CDERGUID│2180dft. wpd, November 1998http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/2180dft.pdf
  • Finlay W. H. The Mechanics of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols. Informa UK Ltd, London 2001
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  • ITFG/IPAC-RS Collaboration, C. T. a. M. T. T. (2001). Recommendations for tests and methods. A response to the FDA draft guidance for industry. ITFG/IPAC-RShttp://www.ipacrs.com/PDFs/Recommendations_for.PDF
  • Keller M., Trachslin E., Kraus H. Effect of various actuators/nozzles on the in vitro deposition pattern of liquid metered dose inhalers powered by hydrofluorocarbons. World Meet. Pharm., Biopharm. Pharm. Technol 1995; 1: 780–781
  • Lee K. C., Suen K. O., Yianneskis M. Characterization of evaporating sprays from metered-dose inhalers by LDA. Laser Anemom. Int. Conf 1991; 4(2)563–569
  • Lefebvre A. H. Atomization and Sprays. Informa UK Ltd, Oxford 1989
  • Smyth H. D. C., Gallion J. A., Grove J. A., Brace G., Hickey A. J. (2002) Correlation of spray patterns with droplet size for pressurized metered dose inhalers. Paper presented at the. Annual Meeting of American Association of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toronto, Canada, November, 2002

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