In silico exploration of venlafaxine, a potential non-tricyclic antidepressant in a liposomal formulation for nose-to-brain drug delivery

References

• Bauer M, Bschor T, Pfennig A, et al. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of unipolar depressive disorders in primary care. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2007;8(2):67–104. doi: 10.1080/15622970701227829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bains N, Abdijadid S. Major depressive disorder. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2022; PMID: 32644504.
   Google Scholar
• Sussman N. SNRIs versus SSRIs: mechanisms of action in treating depression and painful physical symptoms. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;5:19–26.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Emslie GJ, Walkup JT, Pliszka SR, et al. Nontricyclic antidepressants: current trends in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38(5):517–528. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199905000-00013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed GK, Elserogy YM, Elfadl GMA, et al. Antidepressant and anti-suicidal effects of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression associated with psychiatric and personality comorbidities: a double-blind randomized trial. J Affect Disord. 2023;325:127–134. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moyo I, Mwanza D, Mashazi P. Novel covalent immobilization of cobalt (II) octa acyl chloride phthalocyanines onto phenylethylamine pre-grafted gold via spontaneous amidation. Electrochim Acta. 2022;422:140550. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140550.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez-Soto M, Casadó-Anguera V, Yano H, et al. α 2A-and α 2C-adrenoceptors as potential targets for dopamine and dopamine receptor ligands. Mol Neurobiol. 2018;55(11):8438–8454. doi: 10.1007/s12035-018-1004-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai MH, Li DQ, Han Y. Effect of venlafaxine on cognitive function and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in rats with post-stroke depression. J Zhejiang Univ (Med Sci). 2011;40:527–534.
   Google Scholar
• Shrivastava A. Analytical methods for venlaflaxine hydrochloride and metabolites determinations in different matrices. Sys Rev Pharm. 2012;3:42–50. doi: 10.4103/0975-8453.107141.
   Google Scholar
• Vitorino C, Silva S, Bicker J, et al. Antidepressants and nose-to-brain delivery: drivers, restraints, opportunities and challenges. Drug Discov Today. 2019;24(9):1911–1923. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.06.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fasipe OJ. Moving from the old monoaminergic theory toward the emerging hypothesis in the rational design of rapid-onset novel antidepressants. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth. 2019;12(4):292–315. doi: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_110_18.
   Google Scholar
• Ormseth MJ, Scholz BA, Boomershine CS. Duloxetine in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2011;5:343–356. doi: 10.2147/ppa.s16358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira P, Gianesini J, Silva BC, et al. Neurobehavioral and genotoxic parameters of duloxetine in mice using the inhibitory avoidance task and comet assay as experimental models. Pharmacol Res. 2009;59(1):57–61. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2008.09.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasper S, Pail G. Milnacipran: a unique antidepressant? Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2010;6(Suppl I):23–31. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S11777.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Serretti A, Chiesa A, Calati R, et al. Novel antidepressants and panic disorder: evidence beyond current guidelines. Neuropsychobiology. 2011;63(1):1–7. doi: 10.1159/000321831.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blier P. Dual serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors: focus on their differences. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2006;10(Suppl 2):22–32. doi: 10.1080/13651500600645612.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pardeshi CV, Belgamwar VS. Direct nose to brain drug delivery via integrated nerve pathways bypassing the blood–brain barrier: an excellent platform for brain targeting. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2013;10(7):957–972. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2013.790887.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illum L. Nasal drug delivery: new developments and strategies. Drug Discov Today. 2002;7(23):1184–1189. doi: 10.1016/s1359-6446(02)02529-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam MI, Beg S, Samad A, et al. Strategy for effective brain drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2010;40(5):385–403. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.05.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhi K, Raji B, Nookala AR, et al. PLGA nanoparticle-based formulations to cross the blood–brain barrier for drug delivery: from R&D to cGMP. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(4):500. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabiee N, Ahmadi S, Afshari R, et al. Polymeric nanoparticles for nasal drug delivery to the brain: relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. Adv Ther. 2021;4:2000076. doi: 10.1002/adtp.202000076.
   Google Scholar
• Mittal D, Ali A, Md S, et al. Insights into direct nose to brain delivery: current status and future perspective. Drug Deliv. 2014;21(2):75–86. doi: 10.3109/10717544.2013.838713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moghimipour E, Handali S. Liposomes as drug delivery systems: properties and applications. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. 2013;4:169–185.
   Google Scholar
• Islam SU, Shehzad A, Ahmed MB, et al. Intranasal delivery of nanoformulations: a potential way of treatment for neurological disorders. Molecules. 2020;25(8):1929. doi: 10.3390/molecules25081929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Has C, Sunthar P. A comprehensive review on recent preparation techniques of liposomes. J Liposome Res. 2020;30(4):336–365. doi: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1668010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betzer O, Shilo M, Opochinsky R, et al. The effect of nanoparticle size on the ability to cross the blood–brain barrier: an in vivo study. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2017;12(13):1533–1546. doi: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Badri YN, Chaw CS, Elkordy AA. Insights into asymmetric liposomes as a potential intervention for drug delivery including pulmonary nanotherapeutics. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(1):294. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar R, Dkhar DS, Kumari R, et al. Lipid based nanocarriers: production techniques, concepts, and commercialization aspect. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 103526. 2022;74. doi: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103526.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdonk ML, Cole JC, Hartshorn MJ, et al. Improved protein–ligand docking using GOLD. Proteins Struct Funct Bioinf. 2003;52(4):609–623. doi: 10.1002/prot.10465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leach AR, Shoichet BK, Peishoff CE. Prediction of protein − ligand interactions. Docking and scoring: successes and gaps. J Med Chem. 2006;49(20):5851–5855. doi: 10.1021/jm060999m.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arora S, Lohiya G, Moharir K, et al. Identification of potential flavonoid inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease 6YNQ: a molecular docking study. Digit Chin Med. 2020;3(4):239–248. doi: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2020.12.003.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Ghani R, Nirwani WP, Novianti TN, et al. In silico anti-inflammatory activity evaluation from Usnea misaminensis through molecular docking approach. Chem Mater. 2022;1(3):77–82. doi: 10.56425/cma.v1i3.40.
   Google Scholar
• Wallace AC, Laskowski RA, Thornton JM. LIGPLOT: a program to generate schematic diagrams of protein-ligand interactions. Protein Eng. 1995;8(2):127–134. doi: 10.1093/protein/8.2.127.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kareti SR, Subash P. In silico molecular docking analysis of potential anti-Alzheimer’s compounds present in chloroform extract of Carissa carandas leaf using gas chromatography MS/MS. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2020;93:100615. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daina A, Michielin O, Zoete V. Swiss ADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):42717. doi: 10.1038/srep42717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law SL, Hung HY. Properties of acyclovir-containing liposomes for potential ocular delivery. Int J Pharm. 1998;161(2):253–259. doi: 10.1016/S0378-5173(97)00362-1.
   Google Scholar
• Ledeti I, Bolintineanu S, Vlase G, et al. Compatibility study between antiparkinsonian drug Levodopa and excipients by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2017;130(1):433–441. doi: 10.1007/s10973-017-6393-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khute S, Jangde RK. Optimization of nasal liposome formulation of venlafaxine hydrochloride using a Box-Behnken experimental design. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2023;99:100714. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li L, Zou Y, Liu B, et al. Contribution of the P2X4 receptor in rat hippocampus to the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020;11(24):4387–4397. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang JH, Ko YT. Intraosseous administration into the skull: potential blood–brain barrier bypassing route for brain drug delivery. Bioeng Transl Med. 2022;8(2):e10424. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khatoon R, Alam MA, Sharma PK. Current approaches and prospective drug targeting to brain. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2021;61:102098. doi: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaulieu JM, Espinoza S, Gainetdinov RR. Dopamine receptors–IUPHAR Review 13. Br J Pharmacol. 2015;172(1):1–23. doi: 10.1111/bph.12906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leggio GM, Bucolo C, Platania CBM, et al. Current drug treatments targeting dopamine D3 receptor. Pharmacol Ther. 2016;165:164–177. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.06.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakobs D, Hage-Hülsmann A, Prenner L, et al. Downregulation of β1-adrenergic receptors in rat C6 glioblastoma cells by hyperforin and hyperoside from St John’s wort. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2013;65(6):907–915. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illum L. Nasal drug delivery—possibilities, problems and solutions. J Control Release. 2003;87(1-3):187–198. doi: 10.1016/s0168-3659(02)00363-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Stefano A, Carafa M, Sozio P, et al. Evaluation of rat striatal L-dopa and DA concentration after intraperitoneal administration of L-dopa prodrugs in liposomal formulations. J Control Release. 2004;99(2):293–300. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.07.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Iannitelli A, et al. Maleic-and fumaric-diamides of (O, O-diacetyl)-L-Dopa-methylester as anti-Parkinson prodrugs in liposomal formulation. J Drug Target. 2006;14(9):652–661. doi: 10.1080/10611860600916636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegde K, Joshi AB. Hepatoprotective effect of Carissa carandas Linn root extract against CCl 4 and paracetamol induced hepatic oxidative stress; 2009. doi: 10.3329/bjp.v5i1.5681.
   Google Scholar
• Jazuli I, Nabi B, Alam T, et al. Optimization of nanostructured lipid carriers of lurasidone hydrochloride using Box-Behnken design for brain targeting: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Pharm Sci. 2019;108(9):3082–3090. doi: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.05.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dange SM, Kamble MS, Bhalerao KK, et al. Formulation and evaluation of venlafaxine nanostructured lipid carriers. J Bionanosci. 2014;8(2):81–89. doi: 10.1166/jbns.2014.1209.
   Google Scholar
• Yu S, Li D, Shi A, et al. Multidrug-loaded liposomes prevent ischemic stroke through intranasal administration. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;162:114542. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casula E, Manca ML, Perra M, et al. Nasal spray formulations based on combined hyalurosomes and glycerosomes loading zingiber officinalis extract as green and natural strategy for the treatment of rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. Antioxidants. 2021;10(7):1109. doi: 10.3390/antiox10071109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Asmari AK, Ullah Z, Tariq M, et al. Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of intranasally administered liposomal formulation of donepezil. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:205–215. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93937.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Narayan R, Singh M, Ranjan O, et al. Development of risperidone liposomes for brain targeting through intranasal route. Life Sci. 2016;163:38–45. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.08.033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar