Nitrogen and phosphorus standing stock in Phalaris arundinacea and Phragmites australis in a constructed treatment wetland: 3-year study

References

• Adcock , P and Ganf , G G . 1994 . Growth characteristics of three macrophyte species growing in natural and constructed wetland system . Water Sci Technol. , 29 : 95 – 102 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrends , L L , Bailey , E , Bulls , M J , Coonrod , H S and Sikora , F J . . Seasonal trends in growth and biomass accumulation of selected nutrients and metals in six species of emergent aquatic macrophytes . International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control held in Guangzhou . Nov 6–10 1994 , China. pp. 274 – 289 . Guangzhou, , P.R. China : ICWS '94 Secretariat .
   Google Scholar
• Bernard , J M and Lauve , T E . 1995 . A comparison of growth and nutrient uptake in Phalaris arundinacea L. growing in a wetland and a constructed bed receiving landfill leachate . Wetlands , 15 : 176 – 182 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyd , C E . 1970 . Production, mineral accumulation and pigment concentrations in Typha latifolia and Scirpus americanus . Ecology , 51 : 285 – 290 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braxton , J W . 1981 . Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and biomass production in a meadow-marsh-pond sewage treatment system. [dissertation] , Rutgers University .
   Google Scholar
• Brix , H and Schierup , H H . 1989 . The use of aquatic macrophytes in water pollution control . Ambio. , 18 : 100 – 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ČSN EN 1189 . 2005 . Total phosphorus , Czech Technical Norm .
   Google Scholar
• CSN EN 12260 . 2003 . Total nitrogen , Czech Technical Norm .
   Google Scholar
• Dykyjová , D . 1973 . “ Content of mineral macronutrients in emergent macrophytes during their seasonal growth and decomposition ” . In Ecosystem study on wetland biome in Czechoslovakia , Edited by: Hejný , S . 163 – 172 . Třeboň, , Czech Republic : Czechoslovak IBP/PT-PP Report 3 .
   Google Scholar
• Green , E K and Galatowitsch , S M . 2001 . Differences in wetland plant community establishment with additions of nitrate-N and invasive species (Phalaris arundinacea and Typha x glauca) . Can J Botany , 79 : 170 – 178 .
   Google Scholar
• Gries , C and Garbe , D . 1989 . Biomass, and nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal content of Phragmites australis during the third growing season in a root zone waste water treatment . Arch Hydrobiol. , 117 : 97 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Haberl , R and Perfler , R . 1990 . “ Seven years of research work and experience with wastewater treatment by a reed bed system ” . In Constructed wetlands in water pollution control , Edited by: Cooper , P F and Findlater , B C . 205 – 214 . Oxford, , UK : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Headley , T R . 2004 . Removal of nutrients and plant pathogens from nursery runoff using horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands [dissertation] , Lismore, , NSW, Australia : Southern Cross University .
   Google Scholar
• Headley , T R , Huett , D O and Davison , L . 2002 . Seasonal variation in phosphorus removal processes within reed beds – mass balance investigations . Water Sci Technol. , 48 ( 5 ) : 59 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Hurry , R J and Bellinger , E G . 1990 . “ Potential yield and nutrient removal by harvesting of Phalaris arundinacea in a wetland treatment system ” . In Constructed wetlands in water pollution control , Edited by: Cooper , P F and Findlater , B C . 543 – 546 . Oxford, , UK : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Johnston , C A . 1991 . Sediment and nutrient retention by freshwater wetlands: Effects on surface water quality . Crit Rev Environ Control , 21 : 491 – 565 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadlec , R H and Knight , R L . 1996 . Treatment Wetlands , Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Lewis Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Kätterer , T and Andrén , O . 1999 . Growth dynamics of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) and its allocation of biomass and nitrogen belowground in a field receiving daily irrigation and fertilisation . Nutrient Cycling Agroecosyst , 54 : 21 – 29 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurer , D and Zedler , J B . 2002 . Differential invasion of a wetland grass explained by tests of nutrients and light availability on establishment and clonal growth . Oecologia. , 131 : 279 – 288 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obarska-Pempkowiak , H . 1999 . “ Nutrient cycling and retention in constructed wetland systems in Darzlubie near Puck Bay Southern Baltic Sea ” . In Nutrient cycling and retention in natural and constructed wetlands , Edited by: Vymazal , J . 41 – 48 . Leiden, , The Netherlands : Backhuys Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Obarska-Pempkowiak , H and Gajewska , M . 2003 . “ The dynamics of processes responsible for transformation of nitrogen compounds in hybrid wetlans systems in a temperate climate ” . In Wetlands – nutrients, metals and mass cycling , Edited by: Vymazal , J . 215 – 226 . Leiden, , The Netherlands : Backhuys Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Peverly JH, Sanford WE, Steenhuis TS, Surface J. 1993. Constructed Wetlands for Municipal Soils Waste Landfill Leachate Treatment, Final Report to the New Research and Development Authority No. 94-1. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University and U.S. Geological Survey
   Google Scholar
• Peverly , J H , Surface , J M and Wang , T . 1995 . Growth and trace metal absorption by Phragmites australis in wetlands constructed to landfill leachate treatment . Ecolog Engineering , 5 : 21 – 35 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy , K R and DeBusk , W F . 1987 . “ Nutrient storage capabilities of aquatic and wetland plants ” . In Aquatic plants for water treatment and resource recovery , Edited by: Reddy , K R and Smith , W H . 337 – 357 . Orlando, FL : Magnolia Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Richardson , C J and Vymazal , J . 2001 . “ Sampling macrophytes in wetlands ” . In Bioassessment and monitoring of North American freshwater wetlands , Edited by: Rader , R B , Batzer , D P and Wissinger , S C . 297 – 337 . NY : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Vymazal , J . 1995 . Algae and element cycling in wetlands , Chelsea, MI : Lewis Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Vymazal , J . 2007 . Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands . Sci Total Environ. , 380 : 48 – 65 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vymazal , J and Kröpfelová , L . 2005 . Growth of Phragmites australis and Phalaris arundinacea in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the Czech Republic . Ecolog Engineering , 25 : 606 – 621 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vymazal , J and Kröpfelová , L . 2008 . Wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow , Dordrecht : Springer . (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Vymazal , J , Dušek , J and Květ , J . 1999 . “ Nutrient uptake and storage by plants in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow: a comparative study ” . In Nutrient cycling and retention in natural and constructed wetlands , Edited by: Vymazal , J . 85 – 100 . Leiden, , The Netherlands : Backhuys Publishers .
   Google Scholar