Iron oxides in four Red Mediterranean soils on metarhyolite and metadolerite in Kilkis, Greece

References

• Arduino , E , Barberis , E , Marsan , F , Zanini , E and Franchini , M . 1986 . Iron oxides and clay minerals within profiles as indicators of soil age in Northern Italy . Geoderma. , 37 : 45 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bech , J , Rustullet , J , Garrigo , J , Tobias , F J and Martinez , R . 1997 . The iron content of some red Mediterranean soils from northeast Spain and its pedogenic significance . Catena. , 28 : 211 – 229 .
   Google Scholar
• Berrow , M L and Stein , W M . 1983 . Extraction of metals from soils and sewage sludges by refluxing with aqua regia . Analyst. , 108 : 277 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blume , H P and Schwertmann , U . 1969 . Genetic evaluation of profile distribution of aluminum, iron and manganese oxides . Soil Sci Soc Am Proc. , 33 : 438 – 444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boero , V , Premoli , A , Melis , P , Barberis , E and Arduino , E . 1992 . Influence of climate on the iron oxide mineralogy of Terra Rossa . Clays Clay Miner. , 40 ( 1 ) : 8 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Cornell , R M and Schwertmann , U . 1996 . The iron oxides: Structure, properties, reactions. Occurrence and Uses Weinheim: VCH Publishers. 411 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Delgado , R , Aguilar , J and Delgado , G . 1994 . Use of numerical estimators and multivariate analysis to characterize the genesis and pedogenic evolution of Xeralfs from Southern Spain . Catena. , 23 : 309 – 325 .
   Google Scholar
• Gee , G W and Bauder , J W . 1986 . “ Particle size analysis ” . In Methods of soil analysis (Part 1) 2nd ed. Physical and mineralogical methods. Agronomy No. 9 , Edited by: Klute , A . 383 – 411 . Madison, WI : ASA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Graham , R C and Franco-Vizcaino , E . 1992 . Soils on igneous and metavolcanic rocks in the Sonoran Desert of Baja California, Mexico . Geoderma. , 54 : 1 – 21 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidouti , C and Massas , I . 1998 . Distribution of iron and manganese oxides in Haploxeralfs and Rhodoxeralfs and their relation to the degree of soil development and soil colour . J Plant Nutr Soil Sci. , 161 : 141 – 145 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin-Garcia , J M , Delgado , G , Parraga , J F , Bech , J and Delgado , R . 1998 . Mineral formation in micaceous Mediterranean Red soils of Sierra Nevada, Granada, Spain . Eur J Soil Sci. , 49 : 253 – 268 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsukura , Y , Hirose , T and Oguchi , C T . 2001 . Rates of chemical weathering of porous rhyolites: 5-year measurements using the weight-loss method . Catena , 43 : 341 – 347 .
   Google Scholar
• McFadden , L D and Hendricks , D M . 1985 . Changes in the content and composition of pedogenic iron oxyhydroxides in a chronosequence of soils in Southern California . Quart Res. , 23 : 189 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKeague , J A and Day , J H . 1966 . Dithionite and oxalate-extractable Fe and Al as aids in differentiating various classes of soils . Can J Soil Sci. , 46 : 13 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean , F . 1982 . “ Soil pH and lime requirement ” . In Methods of soil analysis (Part 2) 2nd ed. Chemical and microbiological properties , Edited by: Page , A L , Miller , R H and Keeney , D R . 199 – 223 . Madison, WI : ASA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Mehra , O P and Jackson , M L . 1960 . Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by a dithionite-citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate . Clays Clay Miner. , 7 : 317 – 327 .
   Google Scholar
• Mirabella , A and Carnicelli , S . 1992 . Iron oxide mineralogy in red and brown soils developed on calcareous rocks in central Italy . Geoderma , 55 : 95 – 109 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munsell soil color charts. 1954. Munsell Color Company. Inc. Baltimore
   Google Scholar
• Nelson , D W and Sommers , L E . 1982 . “ Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter ” . In Methods of soil analysis (Part 2) 2nd ed. Chemical and microbiological properties , Edited by: Page , A L , Miller , R H and Keeney , D R . 539 – 579 . Madison, WI : ASA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Rhoades , J D . 1982 . “ Cation exchange capacity ” . In Methods of soil analysis (Part 2) 2nd ed. Chemical and microbiological properties , Edited by: Page , A L , Miller , R H and Keeney , D R . 149 – 157 . Madison, WI : ASA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Rice , T J Jr , Buol , S W and Weed , S B . 1985 . Soil-saprolite profiles derived from mafic rocks in the North Carolina Piedmont: II. Association of free iron oxides with soils and clays . Soil Sci Soc Am J. , 49 : 178 – 186 .
   Google Scholar
• Richardson , J L and Hole , F D . 1979 . Mottling and iron distribution in a Glossoboralf-Haplaquoll hydrosequence on a glacial moraine in northwestern Wisconsin . Soil Sci Soc Am J. , 43 : 552 – 558 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos , M CD , St Arnaud , R J and Anderson , D W . 1986 . Iron redistribution in three Boralfs (Gray Luvisols) of Saskatchewan . Soil Sci Soc Am J. , 50 : 1272 – 1277 .
   Google Scholar
• Scheinost , A C and Schwertmann , U . 1999 . Color identification of iron oxides and hydroxysulfates: Use and limitations . Soil Sci Soc Am J. , 63 : 1463 – 1471 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwertmann , U . 1964 . Differenzierung der Eisenoxide der Bodens durch photochemische Extraktion mit saurer Ammoniumoxalat-losung . Z Pflanzenernahr Dung Bodenkd. , 105 : 194 – 202 .
   Google Scholar
• Schwertmann , U . 1966 . Inhibitory effect of soil organic matter on the crystallization of amorphous ferric hydroxides . Nature. , 212 : 645 – 646 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwertmann , U . 1985 . The effect of pedogenic environments on iron oxide minerals. Advances in Soil Science, 1 , 171 – 200 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Schwertmann , U . 1988 . “ Occurrence and formation of iron oxides in various pedoenvironments ” . In Iron in soils and clay minerals , Edited by: Stucki , J W , Goodman , B A and Schwertmann , U . 276 – 308 . Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : D. Reidel Publishing Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Schwertmann , U and Taylor , R M . 1989 . “ Iron oxides ” . In Minerals in soil environments , Edited by: Dixon , J B and Weed , S B . 379 – 438 . Madison, WI : SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Soil Survey Staff . 1999 . Keys to soil taxonomy , 7th ed , Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Torrent , J . 1976 . Soil development in a sequence of river terraces in northern Spain . Catena , : 137 – 151 .
   Google Scholar
• Torrent , J , Schwertmann , U and Schulze , D G . 1980 . Iron oxide mineralogy of some soils of two river terrace sequences in Spain . Geoderma , 23 : 191 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsaousidou , P . 2008 . The role of parent rock in mineralogy and physicochemical properties of soils, PhD Thesis , Greece : Agricultural University of Athens . in press
   Google Scholar
• Whitting , L D and Allardice , W R . 1986 . “ X-ray diffraction techniques ” . In Methods of soil analysis (Part 1). 2nd ed. Physical and mineralogical methods. Agronomy No. 9 , Edited by: Klute , A . 331 – 362 . Madison, WI : ASA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar