15
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Dietary patterns and dietary adequacy of highland Pwo and Sgaw Karen of northwest Thailand

&
Pages 219-235 | Received 29 Aug 1995, Accepted 15 Apr 1996, Published online: 31 Aug 2010

References

  • Abdullah , M. and Wheeler , E. F. 1985 . Seasonal variations and the intra‐household distribution of food in a Bangladeshi village . Amer. J. Clin. Nutr. , 41 : 1305 – 1313 .
  • Balogh , M. , Kahn , H. A. and Medalie , J. H. 1968 . The development of a dietary questionnaire for an ischemic heart disease survey . Isr. J. Med. Sci. , 4 : 195 – 203 .
  • Bellah , R. N. 1965 . “ Epilogue: Religion and progress in modern Asia ” . In Religion and Progress , Edited by: Bellah , R. N. 168 – 229 . New York : Free Press .
  • Brown , K. H. , Black , R. E. , Becker , S. , Nahar , S. and Sawyer , J. 1982 . Consumption of foods and nutrients by weanlings in rural Bangladesh . Amer. J. Clin. Nutr. , 36 : 878 – 889 .
  • Chen , L. C. , Huq , E. and D'Souza , S. 1981 . Sex bias in the family allocation of food and health care in rural Bangladesh . Pop. and Devel. Review , 7 : 55 – 70 .
  • DasGupta , M. 1987 . Selective discrimination against female children in rural Punjab, India . Pop. and Devel. Review , 13 : 77 – 100 .
  • DeGarine , I. 1972 . The socio‐cultural aspects of nutrition . Ecol. of Food. Nutr , 1 : 143 – 163 .
  • FAO/WHO Expert Group . 1961 . Calcium Requirement , WHO Technical Report Series No. 230 Rome
  • FAO/WHO Expert Group . 1965 . Requirements of Vitamin A, Thiamine, Riboflavine and Niacin , WHO Technical Report Series No. 362 Rome
  • FAO/WHO Expert Group . 1970 . Requirements of Ascorbic Acid, Vitamin D, Vitamin BI2, Folate and Iron , WHO Technical Report Series No. 452 Geneva
  • FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation . 1985 . Energy and Protein Requirements , WHO Technical Report Series No. 724 Geneva
  • FAO/WHO Expert Consultation . 1988 . Requirements of Vitamin A, Iron, Folate and Vitamin B12 , FAO Food and Nutrition Series No. 23 Rome
  • Hamilton , J. W. 1976 . Pwo Karen: At the Edge of Mountain and Plain , New York : West Publishing Company .
  • Hankin , J. H. , Stallones , R. A. and Messinger , H.G. 1968 . A short dietary method for epidemiologic studies. III. Development of questionnaire . Am J. Epidemiology , 87 : 285 – 298 .
  • Iijima , S. 1979 . “ Ethnic identity and sociocultural change among Sgaw Karen in northern Thailand ” . In Ethnic Adaptation and Identity: The Karen on the Thai Frontier with Burma , Edited by: Keyes , C. F. 99 – 118 . Philadelphia : Institute for the Study of Human: Issues .
  • Jelliffe , D. 1966 . The Assessment of the Nutritional Status of the Community , Geneva : WHO .
  • Jordan , M. D. 1986 . Anthropometric Software Package Tutorial Guide anal Handbook , Atlanta : Centers for Disease Control .
  • Keller , W. and Fillmore , C. M. 1983 . Prevalence of protein‐energy malnutrition . World Health Statistics Quarterly , 36 : 129 – 167 .
  • Keyes , C. F. 1977 . The Golden Peninsula , New York : Macmillan .
  • Keyes , C. F. 1979 . “ The Karen in Thai history and the history of the Karen in Thailand ” . In Ethnic Adaptation and Identity: The Karen on the Thai Frontier with Burma , Edited by: Keyes , C. F. 1 – 61 . Philadelphia : Institute for the Study of Human Issues .
  • Kunstadter , P. 1972 . Spirits of change capture the Karens . National Geog. , 141 : 267 – 284 .
  • Kunstadter , P. 1979 . “ Ethnic group, category, and identity: Karen in northern Thailand ” . In Ethnic Adaptation and Identity: The Karen on the Thai Frontier with Burma , Edited by: Keyes , C. F. 119 – 164 . Philadelphia : Institute for the Study of Human Issues .
  • Kunstadter , P. 1985 . “ Rice in a Lu'a subsistence economy, northwestern Thailand ” . In Food Energy in Tropical Ecosystems , Edited by: Cattle , D. J. and Schwerin , R. H. 21 – 44 . New York : Gordon and Breach Science Publishers .
  • Kunstadter , P. 1986 . “ Ethnicity, ecology and mortality in northwestern Thailand ” . In Anthropology and Epidemiology , Edited by: Janes , C. R. , Stall , R. and Gifford , S. M. 125 – 156 . Dordrecht : D. Reidel Publishing Company .
  • Larchrojna , S. 1983 . “ Pwo Karen, spirits and souls ” . In Highlanders of Thailand , Edited by: McKinnon , J. and Bhruksasri , W. 169 – 172 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Lewis , P. and Lewis , E. 1984 . Peoples of the Golden Triangle , New York : Thames and Hudson .
  • Lieban , R. W. 1967 . Cebuano Sorcery: Malign Magic in the Philippines , Berkeley : University of California Press .
  • Mann , R. S. and La‐Ongsri , S. 1988 . “ Current strategies in hilltribes agriculture and nutrition improvement: Thai‐Norwegain church aid highland development project ” . In Approaches to Improving Nutrition of the Hilltribes , Edited by: Robert , G. L. and Kunkhajonphun , T. 145 – 164 . Chiang Mai, Thailand : FAO and Payap University .
  • Martorell , R. 1985 . “ Child growth retardation: a discussion of its causes and its relationship to health ” . In Nutritional Adaptation in Man , Edited by: Blaxter , K. and Waterlow , J. C. 13 – 29 . New York : John Libbey .
  • Martorell , R. and Yarbrough , C. 1983 . “ The energy cost of diarrheal diseases and other common illnesses in children ” . In Diarrhea and Nutrition: Interactions, Mechanisms, and Interventions , Edited by: Chen , L. C. and Scrimshaw , N. S. 113 – 123 . Plenum, New York : The United Nations University .
  • Mata , L. J. , Kromal , R. A. , Urrutia , J. J. and Garcia , B. 1977 . Effect of infection on food intake and the nutritional state: Perspectives as viewed from the village . Am J. Clin. Nutr. , 30 : 1215 – 1227 .
  • Messer , E. 1984 . Anthropological perspectives on diet . Annual Reviews of Anthropology , 13 : 205 – 249 .
  • Molla , A. M. , Molla , A. , Sarker , S. A. and Rahaman , M. M. 1983 . “ Food intake during and after recovery from diarrhea in children ” . In Diarrhea and Malnutrition: Interactions, Mechanisms, and Interventions , Edited by: Chen , L. C. and Scrimshaw , N. S. 113 – 123 . Tokyo, New York : The United Nations University .
  • National Statistical Office of Thailand . 1990 . Hill Tribes in Thailand , Bangkok : National Statistical Office of Thailand .
  • Nutrition Division . 1987 . Nutrient Composition Table of Thai Foods , Bangkok : Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health .
  • Omori , K. and Greksa , L. P. 1993 . Growth and health status of preschool Karen highlanders . Annals of Human Biology , 20 : 21 – 30 .
  • Omori , K. and Greksa , L. P. 1995 . Food beliefs and practices of highland Karen women . Journal of Medical Social Science , 8 : 79 – 102 .
  • Parraga , I. 1990 . Determinants of food consumption . J. Amer Diet. Assoc. , 90 : 661 – 663 .
  • Rubel , A. J. 1966 . Across the Tracks , Austin : University of Texas Press .
  • Sampson , L. 1985 . Food frequency questionnaire as a research instrument . Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , 4 : 171 – 175 .
  • Sanjur , D. 1982 . Social and Cultural Perspectives in Nutrition , Englewood Cliffs : Prentice‐Hall .
  • Spindler , L. S. 1977 . Culture Change and Modernization: Mini‐models and Case Studies , Prospect Heights : Waveland Press .
  • Stern , T. 1979 . “ A people between: The Pwo Karen of western Thailand ” . In Ethnic Adaptation and Identity: The Karen on the Thai Frontier with Burma , Edited by: Keyes , C. F. 63 – 80 . Philadelphia : Institute for the Study of Human Issues .
  • Waterlow , J. C. , Buzina , R. , Keller , W. , Lane , J. M. , Nichaman , M. A. and Tanner , J. 1977 . The presentation and use of height and weight data for comparing the nutritional status of groups of children under the age of 10 years . Bull. WHO , 55 : 489 – 498 .
  • Weiner , J. S. and Lourie , J. A. 1981 . Practical Human Biology , London : Academic Press .
  • WHO Working Group . 1986 . Use and interpretation of anthropometric indicators of nutritional status . Bull. WHO , 64 : 76 – 98 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.