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SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010
Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen
Volume 13, 1958 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Brackish Water: A quarter century of brackishwater research

Pages 646-671 | Published online: 01 Dec 2017

Bibliography

  • Below is given a selection of papers on brackish waters (mainly their biology), published since 1932. Most of those listed in Section 1 and 2 (general problems, physiology, ecology) also refer to Section 3 (regional brackishwater research), and vice versa.
  • Papers with discussion of general problems
  • Antipa, G. 1937. Les bonifications hydrologiques des deltas. — Repp. Proc.-verb. Comm. Expl. Mer. Méditerr. 10, 99–120.
  • Dahl, E. 1948. On the smaller Arthropode of marine algae, especially in the polyhaline waters of the Swedish westcoast. — Unders. Öresund 35, 194 pp. Lund.
  • Dahl, E. 1956. Ecological salinity boundaries in poikilohaline waters. — Oikos 7, 1–21. (Appeared November 1956, not considered in the Congress lecture.)
  • D'Aancona, U. 1954. Fishing and fish culture in brackish-water lagoons. — FAO Fish. Bull. 7 (4), 28 pp.
  • Gessner, F. 1934. Die Planktonproduktion der Brackwässer der offenen See. — Verh. Internat. Ver. Limnol. 6, 154–162.
  • Gunter, G. 1956. Some relations of faunal distributions to salinity in estuarine waters. — Ecology 37, 616–619.
  • Hedgpeth, J. W. 1951. The classification of estuarine and brackish waters and the hydrographic climate. — Rep. Committee Treat. Mar. Ecol. Paleoecol. 11, 49–54. Washington, D. C.
  • Petit, G., et Schachter, D. 1951. Le problème des eaux saumâtres. — Année Biol. 27, 533–543.
  • Redeke, H. C. 1933. Über den jetzigen Stand unserer Kenntnisse der Flora und Fauna des Brackwassers. — Verh. Internat. Ver. Limnol. 6, 41–61.
  • Remane, A. 1934. Die Brackwasserfauna. — Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges., Zool. Anz., Suppl. 7, 34–74.
  • Remane, A. 1940. Einführung in die zoologische Ökologie der Nord- und Ostsee. — In: Tierw. Nord- und Ostsee 1, 238 pp.
  • Remane, A. 1950. Das Vordringen limnischer Tierarten in das Meeresgebiet der Nord- und Ostsee. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 7 (2), 5–23.
  • Remane, A. 1955. Die Brackwasser-Submergenz und die Umkomposition der Coenosen in Belt- und Ostsee. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 11, 59–73.
  • Remane, A., und Schlieper, C. 1957. Brackwasserbiologie. — Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. (In press.)
  • Rochford, D. J. 1951. Hydrology of the estuarine environment. — Proc. Indo-Pac. Fish. Counc. 1950, 157–168.
  • Segerstråle, S. G. 1947. Brackvattnet som biologisk miljö. — Nordenskiöld-samfundets tidskr. 7, 1–24. Helsingfors.
  • Steemann Nielsen, E. 1944. Havets Planteverden i ökologisk og produktionsbiologisk Belysning. — Skr. Komm. Danm. Fiskeri Havunders. 13, 108 pp.
  • Välikangas, I. 1933. Über die Biologie der Ostsee als Brackwassergebiet. — Verh. Internat. Ver. Limnol. 6, 62–112.
  • Papers on physiology, especially osmoregulation, and ecology
  • Beadle, L. C. 1937. Adaptation to changes of salinity in the polychaetes. I. Control of body volume and of body fluid concentration in Nereis diversicolor. — J. exp. Biol. 14, 56–70.
  • Beadle, L. C. 1943. Osmotic regulation and the fauna of inland waters. — Biol. Rev. 18, 172–183.
  • Belyaev, G. M., and Birstein, J. A. 1940. Osmoregulation of some Caspian invertebrates. — Zool. Žurn. 19, 548–565. (In Russian, Engl, summary.)
  • Birstein, J. A., and Belyaev, G. M. 1946. The action of the water of Balkash Lake on the Volga-Caspian invertebrates. — Zool. Žurn. 25, 225–236. (In Russian, Engl, summary.)
  • Bock, K. J., and Schlieper, C. Über den Einfluß des Salzgehaltes im Meerwasser auf den Grundumsatz des Seesternes Asterias rubens L. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 9, 201–212.
  • Boettger, C. R. 1950. Ein Beitrag zur Frage des Ertragens von Brackwasser durch Molluskenpopulationen. — Hydrobiologia 2, 360–379.
  • Broekema, M. M. M. 1942. Seasonal movements and the osmotic behaviour of the Shrimp, Crangon crangon. — Arch. Néerl. Zool. 6, 1–100.
  • Butler, Ph. A. 1949. Gametogenesis in the oyster under conditions of depressed salinity. — Biol. Bull. Boston 96, 263–269.
  • Day, J. H. 1951. The ecology of South African estuaries. I. A review of estuarine conditions in general. — Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 33, 53–91.
  • Diakonov, A. M. 1955. The ability of echinoderms to tolerate reductions in normal ocean salinity. — Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 102, 373. Moscow.
  • Ferguson, A. H. 1948. Experiments on the tolerance of several marine evertebrates to reduced salinity. — Proc. Louisiana Ac. Sci. 11, 16–17.
  • Fox, D. N., Marks, G. W., and Austin, F. O. 1936. The survival period of adult mussels in sea water of various concentration. — Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. 4, 5–11.
  • Gross, F. 1940. The osmotic relations of the plancton diatom Ditylum Brightwell (West). — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 24, 381–415.
  • Harnisch, O. 1951. Osmoregulation und Ionenregulation. — In: Die Binnengewässer 19, 5–42.
  • Hiscock, J. D. 1953. Osmoregulation in Australian freshwater mussels (Lamellibranchiata). I. Water and chlorid ion exchange in Hyridella australis (Lam.). 2. Respiration and its relation to osmoregulation in Hyridella australis (Lam.). — Austr. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 4, 317–329, 330–342.
  • Hopkins, A. E. 1936. Adaptation of the feeding mechanism of the oyster (Ostrea gigas) to changes in salinity. — Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. 48, 345–364.
  • Ketchum, B. H. 1947. The biochemical relations between marine organisms and their environment. — Ecol. Monogr. 17, 309–315.
  • Kinne, O. 1954. Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluß des Salzgehaltes auf die Hitzeresistenz von Brackwassertieren. — Zool. Anz. 152, 10–14.
  • Kinne, O. 1956. Über Temperatur und Salzgehalt und ihre physiologisch-biologische Bedeutung. — Biol. Zbl. 75, 314–327.
  • Kinne, O. 1956. Über den Einfluß des Salzgehaltes und der Temperatur auf Wachstum, Form und Vermehrung bei den Hydroidpolypen Cordylophora caspia (Pallas), Thecata, Clavidae. I. Mitteilung über den Einfluß des Salzgehaltes auf Wachistum und Entwicklung mariner, brackischer und limnischer Organismen. — Zool. Jb. Physiol. 66, 565–638.
  • Krogh, A. 1939. Osmotic regulation in aquatic animals. — 242 pp. Cambridge.
  • Lofts, B. 1956. The effects of salinity changes on the respiratory rate of the prawn Palaemonetes varians (Leach). — J. exp. Biol. 33, 730–736.
  • Luther, H. 1951. Verbreitung und Ökologie der höheren Wasserpflanzen im Brackwasser der Ekenäsgegend in Südfinnland. I. Allgemeiner Teil. — Acta Bot. Fenn. 49, 231 pp.
  • Merker, E. 1943. Der Einfluß des Salzgehaltes im Wohnwasser auf die Wärmebeständigkeit von Süßwassertieren. — Int. Rev. Hydrobiol. 43, 1–56.
  • Mulicki, Z. 1957. Ecology of the more important invertebrates of the Baltic. — Conseil Int. Expl. Mer, Ann. Biol. 12, 114–118.
  • Olsen, S. 1950. Aquatic plants and hydrospheric factors. I–II.–Sv. Botan. Tidskr. 44, 1–34, 332–373.
  • Panikkar, N. K. 1941. Osmoregulation in some palaemonid prawns. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 25, 317–359.
  • Panikkar, N. K. 1951. Physiological aspects of adaptation to estuarine conditions. — Indo-Pac. Fish. Counc., Proc. 2nd Meet., Cronulla, Austr., 168–175.
  • Pora, A. E. 1938. Sur le comportement de Palaemon squilla aux variations de salinité. — Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy 25, 259–271.
  • Pora, A. E. 1949. L'influence du facteur salinité sur la vie aquatique, spécialement dans la Mer Noire. (In Roumanian.) — Anal. Ac. R. P. R., Ser. A, II, 277–326.
  • Pora, A. E., Nitu, St., Pora, M., et Rosca, D. I. 1952. La consommation de L'oxygène par kg/heure chez Trachurus trachurus mediterraneus de la Mer Noire en fonction de la salinité du milieu ambiant. (In Roumanian.) — Stud. Si. Cerc. Cluj 3, 214–224.
  • Pora, A. E., Pora, M., et Jitariu, P. 1949. Comportement aux variations de la salinité; note XX: Idothea baltica; XXI: Aurelia aurita; XXII: Actinia equina; XXIII: Spaeroma pulchellum. (In Roumanian.) — Anal. Ac. R. P. R., Ser. A, II, 229–277.
  • Pora, A. E., et Rosca, D. I. 1947. La survie du vers polychaete Nereis diversicolor de la Mer Noire et du lac salé d'Eforia, dans des milieux de salinités différentes. — Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy 30, 30–47.
  • Potts, W. T. 1954. The energetics of osmotic regulation in brackish- and fresh-water animals. — J. exp. Biol. 31, 618–630.
  • Robertson, J. D. 1953. Further studies on ionic regulation in marine invertebrates. – J. exp. Biol. 30, 277–296.
  • Schlieper, C. 1933. Neuere Ergebnisse und Probleme aus dem Gebiet der Osmoregulation wasserlebender Tiere. — Biol. Rev. 10, 334–360.
  • Schlieper, C. 1955. Über die physiologischen Wirkungen des Brackwassers. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 11, 21–33.
  • Schlieper, C. 1957. Brackwasserphysiologie. In: Remane, A., und Schlieper, C., Brackwasserbiologie. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. (In press.)
  • Schlieper, C., und Kowalski, R. 1956. Über den Einfluß des Mediums auf die thermische und osmotische Resistenz des Kiemengewebes der Miesmuschel Mytilus edulis L. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 12, 37–45.
  • Schlieper, C., und Kowalski, R. 1956. Quantitative Beobachtungen über physiologische Ionenwirkung im Brackwasser. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 12, 154–165.
  • Schlieper, C., und Kowalski, R. 1957. Weitere Beobachtungen zur ökologischen Physiologie der Miesmuschel Mytilus edulis L. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 13, 3–10.
  • Scott, K. M. F., Harrison, A. D., and Macnae, W. 1952. The ecology of South African estuaries, part 2. — Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 33.
  • Segerstråle, S. G. 1951. The seasonal fluctuations in the salinity off the coast of Finland and their biological significance. — Soc. Sci. Fenn., Comment. Biol. 13 (3), 27 pp.
  • Segerstråle, S. G. 1951. The recent increase in salinity off the coasts of Finland and its influence upon the fauna. — J. Conseil Int. Expl. Mer 27, 103–110.
  • Smith, R. I. 1955. On the distribution of Nereis diversicolor in relation to salinity in the vicinity of Tvärminne, Finland, and the Isefjord, Denmark. — Biol. Bull. Boston 108, 326–345.
  • Smith, R. I. 1955. Comparison of the level of chloride regulation by Nereis diversicolor in different parts of its geographical range. — Biol. Bull. Boston 109, 453–474.
  • Schmitt, E. 1955. Über das Verhalten von Süßwasserplanarien (Planaria gonocephala Dugis und Pl. lugubris O. Schmidt) in Brackwasser. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 11, 48–58.
  • Treherne, J. E. 1954. Osmotic regulation in the larvae of Helodes (Coleoptera: Helodidae). — Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 105, 117–130.
  • Waede, M. 1954. Beobachtungen zur osmotischen, chemischen und thermischen Resistenz der Scholle (Pleuronectes platessa) und Flunder (Pleuronectes flesus). — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 10, 58–67.
  • Wells, G. P., and Ledingham, I. C. 1940. Physiological effects of a hypotonic environment. I. The action of hypotonic salines on isolated rhythmic preparations from polychaete worms (Arenicola marina, Nereis diversicolor, Perinereis cultrifera). — J. exp. Biol. 17, 337–352.
  • Wikgren, B.-J. 1953. Osmotic regulation in some aquatic animals with special reference to the influence of temperature. — Acta Zool. Fenn. 71, 102 pp.
  • Younge, R. T. 1941. The distribution of the mussel (Mytilus californianus) in relation to the salinity of its environment. — Ecology 22, 377–386.
  • Other papers Europe
  • Ax, P. 1952. Eine Brackwasser-Lebensgemeinschaft an Holzpfählen des Nord-Ostsee-Kanals. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 8, 229–243.
  • Bassindale, R. 1938. The intertidal fauna of the Mersey estuary. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 23, 83–99.
  • Bassindale, R. 1941. Studies on the biology of the Bristol Channel. IV. The invertebrate fauna of the southern shores of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary. — Proc. Bristol Natural. Soc., Ser. 4 (9), 143–201.
  • Bassindale, R. 1942. The distribution of amphipods in the Severn Estuary and Bristol Channel. — J. Anim. Ecol. 11, 13–144.
  • Beaufort, L. F. De. (Editor.) 1954. Veranderingen in de flora en fauna van de Zuiderzee (thans Ijsselmeer) na de afsluiting in 1932. (Summary: Changes in the flora and the fauna of the Zuiderzee [now Ijsselmeer] after the closure in 1932.) — Nederl. Dierk. Ver., 359 pp.
  • Birstein, J. A. 1945. Annual variations of the benthos of the northern part of the Caspian Sea. — Zool. Žum. 24, 133–147. (In Russian, Engl, summary.)
  • Brattström, H. 1941. Studien über die Echinodermen des Gebietes zwischen Skagerrak und Ostsee, besonders des Öresundes, mit einer Übersicht über die physische Geographie. — Unders. öresund 27, 329 pp. Lund.
  • Brunelli, G. 1937. La valliculture et la bonification des deltas fluviaux. — Rapp. Proc.-verb. Comm. Int. Expl. Sci. Mer Médit. 10 (N. S.), 121–127.
  • Caspers, H. 1948. Ökologische Untersuchungen über die Wattentierwelt im Elbe-Ästuar. — Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Kiel, 1948, 350–359.
  • Caspers, H. 1948. Ökologische Untersuchungen über die Bodentierwelt des Schwarzen Meeres im bulgarischen Küstenbereich. — Arch. Hydrobiol. 45, 1–192.
  • Caspers, H. 1951. Biozönotische Untersuchungen über die Strandarthropoden im bulgarischen Küstenbereich des Schwarzen Meeres. — Hydrobiologia 3, 131–193.
  • Caspers, H. 1952. Untersuchungen über die Tierwelt von Meeressalinen an der bulgarischen Küste des Schwarzen Meeres. — Zool. Anz. 148, 243–259.
  • Caspers, H. 1954. Biologische Untersuchungen über die Lebensräume der Unterelbe und des Vormündungsgebietes der Nordsee. — Mitt. Geol. Staatsinst. Hamburg 23, 76–85.
  • Caspers, H. 1955. Limnologie des Elbe-Ästuars. — Verh. Internat. Ver. Limnol. 12, 613–619.
  • Crawford, G. I. 1937. The fauna of certain estuaries in West England and South Wales, with special reference to the Tanaidacea. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 21, 647–662.
  • D'Ancona, U. 1932. Faune et flore des eaux saumâtres. II. — Rapp. Proc.-verb. Comm. Int. Expl. Mer Médit. 7, 151–190.
  • D'Ancona, U. 1934. Faune et flore des eaux saumâtres. — Appendices. Rapp. Proc.-verb. Comm. Int. Expl. Mer Médit. 8, 167–189.
  • D'Ancona, U. 1954. Rapport sur les recherches effectuées dans les lagunes et les «valli» du haut Adriatique. — Rapp. Proc.-verb. Comm. Int. Expl. Mer Médit. 12, 163–166.
  • Demel, K., and Mulicki, Z. 1954. Quantitative investigations on the biological bottom productivity of the South Baltic. — Rep. Sea Fish. Inst. Gdynia 7, 75–126. (In Polish, Engl, summary.)
  • Feldmann, G. 1953. La végétation de l'Etang de Salses. — Vie et Milieu 4, 685–700.
  • Forsman, B. 1956. Notes on the invertebrate fauna of the Baltic. — Ark. Zool. 9, 389–419.
  • Fraser, J. H. 1932. Observations on the fauna and constituents of an estuarine mud in a polluted area. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 18, 69–85.
  • Fraser, J. H. 1940. The fauna of fixed and floating structures in the Mersey estuary and Liverpool Bay. — Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc. 51, 1–21.
  • Galliford, A. L., and Williams, E. G. 1948. Microscopic organisms of some brackish pools at Leasowe, Wirral, Cheshire. — North West. Natural, 39–62.
  • Gessner, F. 1937. Hydrographie und Hydrobiologie der Brackwässer Rügens und des Darß. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 2, 1–80.
  • Gessner, F. 1933. Die Produktionsbiologie der Ostsee. — Naturw. 21, 649–653.
  • Goodhart, C. B. 1941. The ecology of the Amphipoda in a small estuary in Hampshire. — J. Anim. Ecol. 10, 306–322.
  • Halme, E. 1944. Planktologische Untersuchungen in der Pojo-Bucht und angrenzenden Gewässern. I. Milieu und Gesamtplankton. — Ann. Zool. Soc. “Vanamo” 10 (2), 180 pp. Helsinki.
  • Hessle, Ch., and Vallin, S. 1934. Undersökningar över plankton och dess växlingar i Östersjön under åren 1925–1927. — Sv. Hydrogr.-btol. Komm. Skr., N. S., Biol. 1 (5), 94 pp. (Summary: Investigations of plankton and its fluctuations in the Baltic during the years 1925–1927.)
  • Höhnk, W. 1952–1955. Studien zur Brack- und Seewassermykologie. — Veröff. Inst. Meeresforsch. Bremerhaven 1, 115–125, 242–277; 3, 27–33, 199–227.
  • Johansen, A. C., Blegvad, H., and Spärck R. (Editors.) 1933–1936. Ringköbing Fjords Naturhistorie i Brakvandsperioden 1915–1931. Copenhagen.
  • Knipowitsch, N. M. 1932. Hydrologie und Hydrobiologie des Asowschen Meeres. — Abh. Wiss. Fisch.-Exp. As. Schw. Meer 5, 496 pp. (In Russian, Germ, summary.)
  • Knipowitsch, N. M. 1933. Hydrologie und Hydrobiologie des Schwarzen Meeres. — Abh. Wiss. Fisch.- Exp. As. Schw. Meer 10, 282 pp. (In Russian, Germ, summary.)
  • Lami, R. 1951. Sur la flore des Algues de l'Etang de Vaccarès. — C. H. Ac. Sci. Paris 233, 1669–1670.
  • Levander, K. M., und Purasjoki, K. 1947. Plankton gesammelt in den Jahren 1899 bis 1910 an den Küsten Finnlands. — Finnl. Hydrogr.-biol. Unters. 11, 50 pp.
  • Levring, T. 1940. Studien über die Algenvegetation von Blekinge, Südschweden. — 178 pp. Lund.
  • Lindberg, H. 1948. Zur Kenntnis der Insektenfauna im Brackwasser des Baltischen Meeres. — Soc. Sci. Fenn., Comment. Biol. 10 (9), 206 pp.
  • Luther, H. 1951. Verbreitung und Ökologie der höheren Wasserpflanzen im Brackwasser der Ekenäs-Gegend in Südfinnland. II. Spezieller Teil. — Acta Bot. Fenn. 50, 370 pp.
  • Marchesoni, V. 1954. Ricerche sulle variazioni quantitative de fitoplancton. — In: Il trofismo della Laguna Veneta e la vivificazione marina, 147–280.
  • Mars, P. 1951. Évolution et faunes malacologiques des étangs de l'Olivier, de Lavalduc, d'Engrenier et de l'Estomac. — Vie et Milieu 2, 433–440.
  • Mathiesen, H., and Nielsen, J. 1956. Botaniske undersögelser i Randers Fjord og Grund Fjord. (Botanical investigations in the Randers Fjord and Grund Fjord.) — Bot. Tskr. 53, 1–34. (Engl, summary.)
  • Milne, A. 1940. Some ecological aspects of the intertidal area of the estuary of the Aberdeenshire Dee. — Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. 60, 107–139.
  • Milne, A. 1940. The ecology of the Tamar Estuary. IV. Distribution of the fauna and flora on buoys. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 24, 69–87.
  • Mölder, K. 1943. Studien über die Ökologie und Geologie der Bodendiatomeen in der Pojo-Bucht. — Arm. Bot. Soc. “Vanamo” 18 (2), 202 pp. Helsinki.
  • Morduhay-Boltovskoy, F. D. 1953. Ecology of the Caspian fauna in the basins of Azov Sea–Black Sea. — Zool. Žurn 32, 203–211. (In Russian.)
  • Münch, H.-D., und Petzold, H. G. 1955–1956. Zur Fauna des Küstengrundwassers der Insel Hiddensee. I. Chemisch-physikalische Verhältnisse und ihr Einfluß auf die Grundwasserfauna. — Wiss. Z. Univ. Greifswald, Math.-naturw. Reihe 5/6, 413–436.
  • Nikitin, V. N. (Editor.) 1952. Collected papers on the acclimatization of Nereis succinea in the Caspian Sea. — Mat. Pozn. Fauny Flory, Izdav. Mosc. Obsh. Ispit. Prir., Nov. Ser., Otdel. Zool. 33 (XLVIII), 372 pp. (In Russian.)
  • Nicol, E. A. R. 1935. The ecology of a salt-marsh. — J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 20, 203–261.
  • Nielsen, E. S. 1951. The marine vegetation of the Isefjord — a study on ecology and reproduction. — Medd. Komm. Danm. Fisk.-Havunders., Ser. Plankton 5 (4), 14 pp.
  • OTTO, J. P., und WIELINGA, D. T. 1933. Hydrobiologische Notizen vom Brackwassergebiet der Provinz Friesland, speziell in der Nähe von Harlingen. — Tijdschr. Nederl. Dierk. Ver., Ser. 3; III (2), 49–74.
  • Overbeck, J. 1956. Ein Versuch zur Gewässerdüngung im Wieker Bodden. Rügen. — Wiss. Z. Univ. Greifswald, Math.-naturw. Reihe 5/6, 343–372.
  • Petit, G. 1953. Introduction à l'étude écologique des étangs méditerranéens. — Vie et Milieu 4, 569–604.
  • Postma, H. 1954. The hydrography of the Dutch Waddensea. — Arch. Néerl. Zool. 10, 405–511.
  • Ranzoli, F. 1954. Ricerche sulle variazioni quantitative dello zooplankton. — In: Il trofismo della Laguna Veneta e la vivificazione marina, 113–146.
  • Reid, D. M. 1932. Salinity interchange between salt water in sand and overflowing fresh water at low tide. II. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 18, 299–306.
  • Schachter, D. 1950. Contributions à l'étude écologique de la Camargue. — Ann. Inst. Océanogr. 25, 1–108.
  • Schachter, D. 1954. Contribution à l'étude hydrographique et hydrologique de l'étang de Berre. — Bull. Inst. Océanogr. Monaco 1048.
  • Schachter, D., Senez, J., et Leroux-Gileron, J. 1953. Note préliminaire sur la dystrophie d'un étang saumâtre du littoral Méditerranéen: l'Étang de l'Olivier. — Vie et Milieu 4, 701–706.
  • Schütz, L., Und Kinne, O. 1955. Über die Mikro- und Makrofauna der Holzpfähle des Nord-Ostseekanals und der Kieler Förde. — Kiel. Meeresforsch. 11, 110–135.
  • Segerstråle, S. G. 1933. Studien über die Bodentierwelt in südfinnländisdien Küstengewässern. I. Untersuchungsgebiete, Methodik und Material. II. Übersicht über die Bodentierwelt, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Produktionsverhältnisse. — Soc. Sci. Fenn., Comment. Biol. 4 (8), 62 pp.; 4 (9), 77 pp.
  • Segerstråle, S. G. 1949. The Brackish-water fauna of Finland. — Oikos 1, 127–141. Lund.
  • Segerstråle, S. G. The Baltic — a classical area of brackish-water biology. — In: A Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, Vol. I, Ecology. Mem. Geol. Soc. Amer. (With extensive bibliography; in press.)
  • Seifert, R. 1938. Die Bodenfauna des Greifswalder Boddens. Ein Beitrag zur Ökologie der Brackwasserfauna. — Z. Morphol. Ökol. 34, 221–271.
  • Shorygin, A. A. 1945. Changes in the quantity and composition of the benthos in the northern part of the Caspian Sea in 1935–1940. — Zool. Žurn. 24, 148–160. (In Russian.)
  • Shurin, A. T. 1953. The benthic fauna of the Riga Bay. — Trudy Latv. Otdel. VNIRO 1, 77–113. (In Russian.)
  • Smith, R. I. 1955. Salinity variation in interstitial water of sand at Kames Bay, Millport, with reference to the distribution of Nereis diversicolor. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 34, 33–46.
  • Smith, R. I. 1956. The ecology of the Tamar Estuary. VII. Observations on the interstitial salinity of the estuarine habitat of Nereis diversicolor. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. 35, 81–104.
  • Spassky, N. N. 1948. Contribution to the question of the reasons for the variation in composition and quantity of the benthos of the northern Caspian Sea. — Trudy Volgo-Casp. Nauchn. Rybohoz. Stanzii 10, 107–116. Astrahan. (In Russian.)
  • Spooner, G. M. 1947. The distribution of Gammarus species in estuaries. I. — J. mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 27, 1–52.
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