Uptake rate of urea nitrogen and decomposition rate of urea carbon at the surface microlayer in Lake Biwa

References

• Bendschneider, K. & Robinson, R. J., 1952: A new spectrophotometry method for the determination of nitrite in sea water. — J. Mar. Res. 11: 87–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter, E. J., Remsen, C. C. & Watson, S. W., 1972: Utilization of urea by some marine phytoplankters. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 17: 265–269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher, J. L., 1975: The significance of the surface film in salt marsh plankton metabolism. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 20: 120–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrett, W. D., 1965: Collection of slick-forming materials from the sea surface. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 10: 602–605.
   Google Scholar
• Goering, J. J. & Menzel, D. W., 1965: The nutrient chemistry of the sea surface. — Deep-Sea Res. 12: 839–843.
   Google Scholar
• Goering, J. J. & Wallen, D., 1967: The vertical distribution of phosphate and nitrite in the upper one-half meter of southeast Pacific Ocean. — Deep-Sea Res. 14: 29–33.
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, R. D., 1964: Photochemical processes in the inorganic nitrogen cycle of the sea. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 9: 107–111.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardy, J. T., 1973: Phytoneuston ecology of a temperate marine lagoon. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 525–533.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, G. W., 1966: Microlayer collection from the sea surface: a new method and initial results. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 11: 608–613.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marumo, R., Taga, N. & Nakai, T., 1971: Neustonic bacteria and phytoplankton in surface microlayers of the equatorial waters. — Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan 18: 36–41.
   Google Scholar
• McCarthy, J. J., 1972: The uptake of urea by natural populations of marine phytoplankton. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 17: 738–748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitamura, O. & Saijo, Y., 1975: Decomposition of urea associated with photosynthesis of phytoplankton in coastal waters. — Mar. Biol. 30: 67–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitamura, O. & Saijo, Y. — 1976: Decomposition of urea in Lake Biwa. — Physiol. Ecol. Japan 17: 601– 605.
   Google Scholar
• Mitamura, O. & Saijo, Y. — 1980 a: Urea supply from decomposition and excretion of zooplankton. — J. Oceanogr. Soc. Japan. 36: 121–126.
   Google Scholar
• Mitamura, O. & Saijo, Y. — 1980 b: In situ measurement of the urea decomposition rate and its turnover rate in the Pacific Ocean. — Mar. Biol. 58: 147–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morita, R. Y. & Burton, S. H., 1970: Occurrence, possible significance and metabolism of obligate psychrophiles in marine waters. — In: Organic Matter in Natural Waters (D. W. HOOD, ed.): 275–285. Inst, of Marine Science, Univ. of Alaska.
   Google Scholar
• Newell, B. S., Morgan, B. & Candy, J., 1967: The determination of urea in seawater. — J. Mar. Res. 25: 201–202.
   Google Scholar
• Nishizawa, S., 1971: Concentration of organic and inorganic material in the surface skin at the equator, 155° W. — Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan 18: 42–44.
   Google Scholar
• Remsen, C. C., 1971: The distribution of urea in coastal and oceanic waters. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 16: 732–740.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remsen, C. C., Carpenter, E. J. & Schroeder, B. W., 1972: Competition for urea among estuarine microorganisms. — Ecology 53: 921–926.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sagi, T., 1966: Determination of ammonia in sea water by the indophenol method and its application to the coastal and off-shore waters. — Oceanogr. Mag. 18: 43–51.
   Google Scholar
• Saijo, Y., Mitamura, O. & Ogiyama, K., 1974: Chemical composition of surface film in the coastal sea area and in freshwater lakes. — Jap. J. Limnol. 35: 110–116.
   Google Scholar
• Satoh, Y. & Hanya, T., 1976: Decomposition of urea by the larger particulate fraction and the free bacteria fraction in a pond water. — Int. Rev. ges. Hydrobiol. 61: 799–806.
   Google Scholar
• Scor-Unesco Working Group 17, 1974: Determination of photosynthetic pigments in seawater. — UNESCO, 69 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Sieburth, J. McN., 1965: Bacteriological samplers for air-water and water-sediment interfaces. — Trans. Joint Conf. Ocean Sci. Ocean Eng., MTS-ASLO, Washington, D. C.: 1064–1068.
   Google Scholar
• Sieburth, J. McN. 1971: Distribution and activity of oceanic bacteria. — Deep-Sea Res. 18: 1111–1121.
   Google Scholar
• Steemann Nielsen, E., 1952: Use of radio active carbon (14C) for measuring organic production in the sea. — J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer 18: 117–140.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, P. M., 1967: Sea surface chemistry: organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in surface films and subsurface waters. — Deep-Sea Res. 14: 791–800.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, E. D., Armstrong, F. A. J. & Richards, F. A., 1967: Determination of nitrate in sea water by cadmium-copper reduction to nitrite. — J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K. 47: 23–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar