The diurnal cycle of stratification in Lake Titicaca: Eddy diffusion

References

• Baxter, R. M., Prosser, M. V., Talling, J. F. & Wood, R. B., 1965: Stratification in Tropical African Lakes at Moderate Altitudes (1500–2000 m). — LimnoL Oceanogr. 10: 510–520
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell D. R., 1983: Small-Scale Physics of the Ocean. — Rev. Geophys. Space Physics 21: 1192– 1205.
   Google Scholar
• Coulson, K. L., 1975: Solar and Terrestrial Radiation. — Academic Press, New York, 322 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Csanady, G. T., 1973: Turbulent Diffusion in the Environment. — Reidel, Dordrecht.
   Google Scholar
• Denman, K. L., 1973: A Time-Dependent Model of the Upper Ocean. — J. Phrys. Oceanogr. 3: 173–184.
   Google Scholar
• Denman, K. L. & Gargett, A. E., 1983: Vertical Mixing and Advection of Phytoplankton in the Upper Ocean. — Limnol. Oceanogr. (in press).
   Google Scholar
• Denman, K. L. & Miyake, M., 1973: Upper Layer Modification at Ocean Station Papa: Observations and Simulation. — J. Phys. Oceanogr. 3: 185–196.
   Google Scholar
• Dillon, T. M. & Powell, T. M., 1979: Observations of a Surface Mixed Layer. — Deep-Sea Res. 26A: 915–932.
   Google Scholar
• Dillon, T. M., Powell, T. M. & Myrup, L. O., 1975: Low Frequency Turbulence and Vertical Microstructure in Lake Tahoe, California–Nevada. — Verb. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 19: 110–115.
   Google Scholar
• Dillon, T. M., Richman, J. G., Hansen, C. G. & Pearson, M. D., 1981: Near-Surface Turbulence Measurements in a Lake. — Nature 290: 390–392.
   Google Scholar
• Fasham, M. J. R., Holligan, P. M. & Pugh, P. R., 1983: The Spatial and Temporal Development of the Spring Phytoplankton Bloom in the Celtic Sea, April 1979. — Prog. Oceanogr. 12: 87–145.
   Google Scholar
• Frempong, E., 1983: Diel Aspeas of the Thermal Structure and Energy Budget of a Small English Lake. — Freshwater Biol. 13: 89–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallegos, C. L. & Platt, T., 1982: Vertical Advection of Phytoplankton and Productivity Estimates: A Dimensional Analysis (abstract only). — Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union (EOS) 63: 961–962.
   Google Scholar
• Hale, G. M. & Querry, M. R., 1973: Optical Constants of Water in the 200 nm to 200μm Wavelength Region. — Appl. Optics 13: 555–563.
   Google Scholar
• Howe, M. R. & Tait, R. I., 1969: Some Observations of the Diurnal Heat Wave in the Ocean. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 14: 16–22.
   Google Scholar
• Imberger, J. & Patterson, J. C, 1981: A Dynamic Reservoir Simulation Model — DYRESM: 5. — In: Fischer, H. B. (ed.), Transport Models for Inland and Coastal Waters: 310–361. Academic Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Jassby, A. & Powell, T., 1975: Vertical Patterns of Eddy Diffusion during Stratification in Castle Lake, California. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 20: 530–543.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkish, M. H. & Taylor, M. J., 1984: Micrometeorological measurements at Lake Titicaca (Peru- Bolivia). — Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 22: 1232–1236.
   Google Scholar
• Kondratyev, K. Ya., 1969: Radiation in the Atmosphere. — Internat. Geophysics Series 12. Academic Press, New York, p. 912.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, W. M., Jr., 1973: The Thermal Regime of Lake Lanao (Philippines) and Its Theoretical Implications for Tropical Lakes. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 200–217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, W. M., Jr. 1982: Vertical Eddy Diffusivities in a Large Tropical Lake. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 27: 161– 163.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, W. M., Jr. 1983: Temperature, Heat, and Mixing in Lake Valencia, Venezuela. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 28: 273–286.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neale, P. J., Vincent, W. F. & Richerson, P. J., 1982: Diel Variation of Photosynthesis in Lake Titicaca: Adaptation to an Extreme Irradiance Environment (abstract only). — Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union (EOS) 63: 962.
   Google Scholar
• Niiler, P. P., 1975: Deepening of the Wind-Mixed Layer. — J. Mar. Res. 33: 405–422.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okubo, A., 1971: Horizontal and Vertical Mixing in the Sea. — In: Hood, D. W. (ed.), Impingement of Man on the Oceans: 89–168. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 738 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Powell, T., 1975: Vertical Turbulent Transport in the Stratified Regions of Lakes. — Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 19: 104–109.
   Google Scholar
• Powell, T. & Jassby, A., 1974: The Estimation of Vertical Eddy Diffusivities below the Thermocline in Lakes. — Water Resour. Res. 10: 191–198.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quay, P. D., Broecker, W. S., Hesslein, R. H. & Schindler, D. W., 1980: Vertical Diffusion Rates Determined by Tritium Tracer Experiments in the Thermocline and Hypolimnion of Two Lakes. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 25: 201–218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayner, K. N., 1980: Diurnal Energetics of a Reservoir Surface Layer. — Report ED-80-005. Environmental Dynamics, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Western Australia, Nedlands.
   Google Scholar
• Spigel, R. H. & Imberger, J., 1980: The Classification of Mixed-Layer Dynamics in Lakes of Small to Medium Size. — J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10: 1104–1121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stair, R. & Ellis, H. T., 1968: The Solar Constant Based on New Spectral Irradiance Data from 310 to 530 Nanometers. — J. Appi. Meteorol. 7: 635–644.
   Google Scholar
• Stommel, H., Saunders, K., Simmons, W. & Cooper, J., 1969: Observations of the Diurnal Thermocline. — Deep-Sea Res. Suppl. 16: 269–284
   Google Scholar
• Svensson U., 1978: A Mathematical Model of the Seasonal Thermocline. — Report No. 1002, Dept. of Water Resources Engineering, Lund Inst, of Technology, Univ. of Lund, Lund, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• Talling, J. F., 1957: Diurnal Changes of Stratification and Photosynthesis in Some Tropical African Waters. — Proc. R. Soc. Lond. (B) 147: 57–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tennekes, H. & Lumley, J. L., 1972: A First Course in Turbulence. — M. I. T. Press, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A., 300 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Viner, A. B. & Smith, I. R., 1973: Geographical, Historical, and Physical Aspects of Lake George. — Proc. R. Soc. Lond. (B) 184: 235–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters, R. A., Carey, G. F. & Winter, D. F., 1978: Temperature Computation for Temperate Lakes. – Appl. Math. Modelling 2: 41–48.
   Google Scholar