References
- Bergman, E., 1988: Foraging abilities and niche breadths of two percids, Perca fluviatilis and Gymnocephalus cernuum, under different environmental conditions. — J. Anim. Ecol. 57: 443–453.
- Blažka, P., 1960: O biologii karasya ob'yiknennogo (Carassius carassius (L.) humilis, Heckel). — Zool. Zhurnal 34: 1384–1389.
- Carpenter, S. C., 1989: Replication and treatment strength in whole lake experiments. — Ecology 70: 453–463.
- Cerri, R. D. & Fraser, D. F., 1983: Predation and risk in foraging minnows: Balancing conflicting demands. — Amer. Nat. 121: 552–561.
- Diamond, J., 1986: Overview: Laboratory experiments, field experiments, and natural experiments. — In: Diamond, J. & Case, T.J. (Eds.), Community Ecology: 3–22. Harper and Row, New York.
- Diehl, S., 1988: Foraging efficiency of three freshwater fishes: effects of structural complexity and light. — Oikos 53: 207–214.
- Holbrook, S. J. & Schmitt, R. J., 1988: Effects of predation risk on foraging behavior: mechanisms altering prey choice. — J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 121: 151–163.
- Holopainen, I. J. & Hyvärinen, H., 1985: Ecology and physiology of crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.)) in small Finnish ponds with anoxic conditions in winter. — Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 22: 2566–2570.
- Holopainen, I. J. & Pitkänen, A. K., 1985: Population size and structure of crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.)) in two small, natural ponds in Eastern Finland. — Ann. Zool. Fennici 22: 397–406.
- Holopainen, I. J., Tonn, W. M., Paszkowski, C. A. & Pitkänen, A. K., 1988: Habitat use, diel activity, and growth of crucian carp in a manipulated pond. — Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 23: 1743–1750.
- Hyvärinen, H., Holopainen, I. J. & Piironen, J., 1985: Anaerobic wintering of crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.). I. Annual dynamics of glycogen reserves in nature. — Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 82A: 797–803.
- Milinski, M., 1986: Constraints placed by predators on feeding behaviour. — In: Pitcher, T. J. (Ed.), The Behaviour of Teleost Fishes: 236–252. Croom Helm, London.
- Nikosky, G. V., 1963: The Ecology of Fishes. — Academic Press, London.
- Paszkowski, C. A., Tonn, W. M. & Holopainen, I. J., 1989: An experimental study of body size and food size relations in crucian carp, Carassius carassius — Environ. Biol. Fish. 24: 275–286.
- Piironen, J. & Holopainen, I. J., 1986: A note on the seasonality in anoxia tolerance of crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.)) in the laboratory. — Ann. Zool. Fennici 23: 335–338.
- Piironen, J. & Holopainen, I. J., 1988: Length structure and reproductive potential of crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.)) populations in some small forest ponds. — Ann. Zool. Fennici 25: 203–208.
- Prejs, A., 1973: Experimentally increased fish stock in the pond type Lake Warniak. IV. Feeding of introduced and autochthonous non-predatory fish. — Ekol. Pol. 21: 465–503.
- Savino, J. F. & Stein, R. A., 1982: Predator-prey interaction between largemouth bass and bluegills as influenced by simulated, submersed vegetation. — Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 111: 255–266.
- Stein, R. A., 1979: Behavioral response of prey to fish predators. — In: Stroud, R. & Clepper, H. (Eds.), Predator-Prey Systems in Fisheries Management: 343–353. Sport Fishing Inst., Washington, DC.
- Szlauer, B., 1971: Eating out phytophagous fauna by crucian carp Carassius carassius (L.). — Zesz. Nauk. Wyzsz. Szkoly Rol. Szczecine 35: 85–103. (In Polish).
- Tonn, W. M., 1985: Density compensation in UmbraPerca fish assemblages of northern Wisconsin lakes. — Ecology 66: 415–429.
- Tonn, W. M., Magnuson, J. J., Rask, M. & Toivonen, J., 1990: Intercontinental comparison of small-lake fish assemblages: the balance between local and regional processes. — Amer. Nat.
- Tonn, W. M. & Paszkowski, C. A., 1986: Size-limited predation, winterkill, and the organization of Umbra-Perca fish assemblages. — Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43: 194–202.
- Tonn, W. M., Paszkowski, C. A. & Holopainen, I. J., 1989: Responses of crucian carp populations to differential predation pressure in a manipulated pond. — Can. J. Zool.
- Tonn, W. M., Paszkowski, C. A. & Holopainen, I. J., 1991: Selective piscivory by perch: Effects of predator size, prey size, and prey species. — Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 24: 2406–2411.
- Werner, E. E. & Hall, D. J., 1988: Ontogenic habitat shift in bluegill: the foraging rate-predation risk trade-off. — Ecology 69: 1352–1366.
- Winfield, I. J., 1986: The influence of simulated aquatic macrophytes on the zooplankton consumption rate of juvenile roach, Rutilus rutilus, rudd, Scardinius erytkrophthalmus, and perch, Perca fluviatilis. — J. Fish. Biol. 29: (Suppl. A): 37–48.
- Zar, J. H., 1974: Biostatistical Analysis. — Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.