Food webs in two neotropical stream systems as revealed by stable isotope ratios

References

• Bootsma, H. A., Hecky, R. E., Hesslein, R. H. & Turner, G. F., 1996: Food partitioning among Lake Malawi nearshore fishes as revealed by stable isotope analyses. — Ecology 77: 1286–1290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandes, J. A., Mcclain, M. E. & Pimentel, T. P., 1996: 15N evidence for the origin and cycling of inorganic nitrogen in a small Amazonian catchment. — Biogeochemistry 34: 45–56.
   Google Scholar
• Burcham, J., 1987: Fish communities and environmental characteristics of two lowland streams in Costa Rica. — Rev. Biol. Trop. 36(2A): 273–285.
   Google Scholar
• Buzby, K. M., 1998: The effect of disturbance on the ecological efficiency of a small tropical stream. — Ph.D dissertation. — State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, 130 p.
   Google Scholar
• Cabana, G. & Rasmussen, J., 1996: Comparison of aquatic food chains using nitrogen isotopes. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 10844–10847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chace, Jr., F. A. & Hobbs, Jr., H. H., 1969: The freshwater and terrestrial crustaceans of the West Indies with special reference to Dominica. — U. S. National Mus. Bull. 292: 1–259.
   Google Scholar
• Covich, A. P., 1988: Atyid shrimp in the headwaters of the Luquilio Mountains, Puerto Rico: Filter feeding in natural and artificial streams. — Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 23: 2108–2113.
   Google Scholar
• Covich, A. P. & McDowell, W. H., 1996: The stream community. — In: Reagan, D. P. & Waide, R. B. (eds), The Foodweb of a Tropical Rainforest: 433–459. — University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
   Google Scholar
• Deniro, M. J., Epstein, S., 1978: Influence of diet on the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals. — Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 42: 495–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diehl, S., 1995: Direct and indirect effects of omnivory in a littoral lake community. — Ecology 76: 1727–1740.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duff, J. H., Pringle, C. M. & Triska, F. J., 1996: Nitrate reduction in sediments of lowland tropical streams draining swamp forest in Costa Rica: An ecosystem perspective. — Biogeochemistry 33: 179–196.
   Google Scholar
• France, R., 1995: Critical examination of stable isotope analysis as a means for tracing carbon pathways in stream ecosystems. — Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52: 651–656.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fry, B., 1991: Stable isotope diagrams of freshwater food webs. — Ecology 72: 2293–2297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fry, B. &: Sherr, E. B., 1989: δ13C measurements as indicators of carbon flow in marine and freshwater ecosystems. — In: Rundel, P. W, Ehleringer, J. R. & Nagy, K. A. (eds): Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research: 196–229. — Springer-Verlag, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, S. K. & Lewis, Jr., W. M., 1992: Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in algae and detritus from the Orinoco River floodplain, Venezuela. — Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56: 4237–4246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heaton, T. H. E., 1986: Isotopie studies of nitrogen pollution in the hydrosphere and atmosphere: A review. — Chem. Geol. 59: 87–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hecky, R. E. & Hesslein, R. H., 1995: The importance of benthic algal production to food webs in tropical, temperate and arctic lakes as revealed by stable isotope analysis. — J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 14: 631–653.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordon, C. F., 1985: Nutrient Cycling in Tropical Forest Ecosystems. — John Wiley, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Lodge, D. M., Kershner, M. W., Aloi, J. & Covich, A. P., 1994: Effects of omnivorous crayfish (Oronectes rusticus) on a freshwater littoral foodweb. — Ecology 75: 1265–1281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lugo, A. E., 1986: Water and the Ecosystems of the Luquillo Experimental Forest. — General Technical Report SO-63, New Orleans, LA. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 17 p.
   Google Scholar
• March, J. M., Benstead, J. P., Pringle, C. M. & Scatena, F. N., 1998: Migratory drift of larval amphidromous shrimps in two tropical streams, Puerto Rico. — Freshwater Biol. 40: 261–273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick, P. V., 1994: Evaluating the multiple mechanisms underlying herbivore-algal interactions in streams. — Hydrobiologia 291: 47–59.
   Google Scholar
• McDowell, W. H. & Asbury, C. E., 1994: Export of carbon, nitrogen and major ions from three tropical montane watersheds. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 111–125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDowell, W. H., Lugo, A. E. & James, A., 1995: Export of nutrients and major ions from Caribbean catchments. — J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 4: 12–20.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, G. G., 1985: The effect of disturbance on water and solute budgets of hillslope tropical rainforest in northeastern Costa Rica. — Ph.D. Dissertation — University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, G. G., 1994: Soil fertility, nutrient acquisition, and nutrient cycling. — In: McDade, L. A., Bawa, K. S., Hespenheide, H. A. & Hartshorn, G. S. (eds): La Selva: Ecology and Natural History of a Neotropical Rainforest: 54–63. — University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, B., Fry, B., Deegan, L. & Hershey, A., 1993: The trophic significance of epilithic algal production in a fertilized tundra river ecosystem. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 38: 872–878.
   Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M., 1996: Atyid shrimps (Decapoda: Atyidae) influence the spatial heterogeneity of algal communities over different scales in tropical montane streams, Puerto Rico. — Freshwater Biol. 35: 125–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M. & Blake, G. A., 1994: Quantitative effects of atyid shrimp (Decapoda: Atyidae) on the depositional environment in a tropical stream: Use of electricity for experimental exclusion. — Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51: 1443–1450.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M. & Hamazaki, T., 1998: The role of omnivory in a neotropical stream: Separating diurnal and nocturnal effects. — Ecology 79: 269–280.
   Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M. & Ramirez, A., 1998: Use of both benthic and drift sampling techniques to assess tropical stream invertebrate communities along an altitudinal gradient, Costa Rica. — Freshwater Biol. 39: 359–373.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M., Triska, F. J. & Browder, G., 1990: Spatial variation in basic chemistry of streams draining a volcanic landscape on Costa Rica's Caribbean slope. — Hydrobiologia 206: 73–85.
   Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M., Blake, G. A., Covich, A. P., Buzby, K. M. & Finley, A., 1993a: Effects of omnivorous shrimp in a montane tropical stream: sediment removal, disturbance of sessile invertebrates and enhancement of understory algal biomass. — Oecologia 93: 1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M., Rowe, G. L., Triska, F. J., Fernandez, J. F. & West, J., 1993b: Landscape patterns in the solute composition of geothermal waters draining Costa Rica's Atlantic slope: geothermal processes and ecological response. — Limnol. Oceanogr. 38: 753–774.
   Google Scholar
• Pringle, C. M., Hemphill, N., McDowell, W. H., Bednarek, A. & March, J. G., 1999: Linking species and ecosystems: Effects of different macrobiotic assemblages on interstream differences in benthic organic matter. — Ecology 80: 1860–1872.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson, G. P., 1984: Nitrification and nitrogen mineralization in a lowland rainforest succession in Costa Rica, Central America. — Oecologia 61: 99–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triska, F. J., Pringle, C. M., Zellweger, G. W., Duff, J. H. & Avanzino, R. J., 1993: Dissolved inorganic nitrogen composition, transformation, retention, and transport in naturally phosphate-rich and phosphate-poor tropical streams. — Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 665–675.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Geological Survey, 1990; Water resources data Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, Water Year 1990. — Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Government of the U.S. Virgin Islands and other agencies.
   Google Scholar
• Wada, E., Kabaya, Y. & Kurihara, Y., 1993: Stable isotopic structure of aquatic ecosystems. — J. Biosci. 18: 483–499.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar