Reduction kinetics of iron ore pellets with coal and coal dust: reduction relation with crystalline phases

References

• Abd Rashid RZ, Mohd Salleh H, Ani MH, Yunus NA, Akiyama T, Purwanto H. 2014. Reduction of low grade iron ore pellet using palm kernel shell. Renew Energy. 63:617–623. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2013.09.046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmo de Lima L, Batista Furlan Duarte J, Nejat Veziroglu T. 2004. A proposal of an alternative route for the reduction of iron ore in the eastern Amazonia. Int J Hydrog Energy. 29(6):659–661. doi: 10.1016/S0360-3199(03)00053-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen H, Zheng Z, Shi W. 2015. Investigation on the kinetics of iron ore fines reduction by CO in a micro-fluidized bed. Procedia Eng. 102:1726–1735. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.01.308
   Google Scholar
• Chowdhury GM, Roy GG, Roy SK. 2008. Reduction kinetics of iron ore-graphite composite pellets in a packed-bed reactor under inert and reactive atmospheres. Metall Mater Trans B. 39(2):160–178. doi: 10.1007/s11663-008-9136-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Guindy MI, Davenport WG. 1970. Kinetics and mechanism of ilmenite reduction with graphite. Metall Trans. 1(6):1729–1734. doi: 10.1007/BF02642023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emmerich FG, Luengo CA. 1996. Babassu charcoal: a sulfurless renewable thermo-reducing feedstock for steelmaking. Biomass Bioenergy. 10(1):41–44. doi: 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00060-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorantiwar VS, Shrivastava RL. 2015. Validating quality productivity improvement framework for sponge iron industry in India. Prod Manuf Res. 3(1):103–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katyal S, Thambimuthu K, Valix M. 2003. Carbonisation of bagasse in a fixed bed reactor: influence of process variables on char yield and characteristics. Renew Energy. 28(5):713–725. doi: 10.1016/S0960-1481(02)00112-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimura M, Murao R, Ohta N, Noami K, Uemura Y, Niwa Y, Kimijima K, Takeichi Y, Nitani H. 2016. In situ observation of reduction kinetics and 2D mapping of chemical state for heterogeneous reduction in iron-ore sinters. J Phys Conf Ser. 712(1):012077. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/712/1/012077
   Google Scholar
• Kumar M, Mohapatra P, Patel SK. 2009. Studies on the reduction kinetics of hematite iron ore pellets with noncoking coals for sponge iron plants. Min Proc Extractive Metall Rev. 30(4):372–392. doi: 10.1080/08827500903185315
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Gs, Strezov V, Lucas JA, Wibberley LJ. 2004. Thermal investigations of direct iron ore reduction with coal. Thermochim Acta. 410(1-2):133–140. doi: 10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00398-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo S, Yi C, Zhou Y. 2011. Direct reduction of mixed biomass-Fe2O3 briquettes using biomass-generated syngas. Renew Energy. 36(12):3332–3336. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mookherjee S, Mukherjee A, Dhindaw BK, Ray HS. 1986. Reduction of iron ore fines with coal fines by statistical design of experiments. Trans Iron Steel Inst Jpn. 26(2):101–106. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational1966.26.101
   Google Scholar
• Nasr S, Plucknett KP. 2014. Kinetics of iron ore reduction by methane for chemical looping combustion. Energy Fuels. 28(2):1387–1395. doi: 10.1021/ef402142q
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar SB, Ray HS, Chatterjee I. 1989. Kinetics of reduction of iron ore—coal pellets. J Therm Anal. 35(7):2461–2469. doi: 10.1007/BF01911910
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sastri MVC, Viswanath RP, Viswanathan B. 1982. Studies on the reduction of iron oxide with hydrogen. Int J Hydrog Energy. 7(12):951–955. doi: 10.1016/0360-3199(82)90163-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi J, Donskoi E, McElwain DLS, Wibberley LJ. 2005. Modelling the reduction of an iron ore-coal composite pellet with conduction and convection in an axisymmetric temperature field. Math Comput Model. 42(1):45–60. doi: 10.1016/j.mcm.2005.05.014
   Google Scholar
• Srinivasan NS, Lahiri AK. 1977. Studies on the reduction of hematite by carbon. Metall Trans B. 8(1):175–178. doi: 10.1007/BF02656367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasan NS. 2002. Reduction of iron oxides by carbon in a circulating fluidized bed reactor. Powder Technol. 124(1-2):28–39. doi: 10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00484-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strezov V. 2006. Iron ore reduction using sawdust: experimental analysis and kinetic modelling. Renew Energy. 31(12):1892–1905. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2005.08.032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takano C, MourÃO MB. 2003. Self-reducing pellets for ironmaking: mechanical behavior. Min Proc Extractive Metall Rev. 24(3-4):233–252. doi: 10.1080/714856823
   Google Scholar