33
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Vehicle track damage to salt marsh soil and vegetation at Culbin Sands, NE Scotland

&
Pages 205-219 | Accepted 08 Jun 1999, Published online: 22 Apr 2009

References

  • Beeftink , W.G. 1977 . “ Salt marshes ” . In The Coastline , Edited by: Barnes , R.S.K. 93 – 121 . London : Wiley . In
  • Bengough , A.G. and Mullins , C.E. 1990 . Mechanical impedence to root growth: a review of experimental techniques and root growth responses . Journal of Soil Science , 41 : 341 – 358 .
  • Broome , S.W. , Seneca , E.D. and Woodhouse , W.W. Jr. 1988 . Tidal salt marsh restoration . Aquatic Botany , 32 : 1 – 22 .
  • Burrows , C.J. 1990 . Processes of Vegetation Change , London : Un win Hyman .
  • Clarke , G.M. 1980 . Statistics and Experimental Design , London : Edward Arnold .
  • De Leeuw , J. , Apon , L.P. , Herman , P.M.J. , De Munk , W. and Beeftink , W.G. 1992 . Vegetation response to experimental and natural disturbance in two salt-marsh plant communities in the southern Netherlands . Netherlands Journal of Sea Research , 30 : 279 – 288 .
  • Dijkema , K.S. 1997 . Impact prognosis for salt marshes from subsidence by gas extraction in the Wadden Sea . Journal of Coastal Research , 13 : 1294 – 1304 .
  • Drawe , D.L. and Ortega , I.M. 1996 . Impacts of geophysical seismic survey vehicles on Padre Island national seashore vegetation . Texas Journal of Science , 48 : 107 – 118 .
  • Eilers , H.P. , Taylor , A. and Sanville , W. 1983 . Vegetative delineation of coastal salt marsh boundaries . Environmental Management , 7 : 443 – 452 .
  • Emers , M. , Jorgenson , J.C. and Raynolds , M.K. 1995 . Response of arctic tundra plant communities to winter vehicle disturbances . Canadian Journal of Botany , 73 : 905 – 917 .
  • Godfrey , P.J. and Godfrey , M.M. 1980 . Ecological effects of off-road vehicles on Cape Cod . Oceanus , 23 : 56 – 67 .
  • Hill , M.O. and Gaugh , H.G. 1980 . Detrended correspondence analysis: an improved ordination technique . Vegetatio , 42 : 47 – 58 .
  • Hodgson , J.M. 1978 . Soil Sampling and Soil Description , London : Oxford University Press .
  • Hubbard , C.E. 1968 . Grasses , Middlesex : Penguin Books .
  • Jermy , A.C. and Tutin , T.G. 1982 . British Sedges , London : Botanical Society of the British Isles .
  • Kevan , P.G. , Forber , B.C. , Kevan , S.M. and Behanpelletier , V. 1995 . Vehicle tracks on high arctic tundra — their effects on the soil, vegetation, and soil arthropods . Journal of Applied Ecology , 32 : 655 – 667 .
  • Krebs , C.J. 1989 . Ecological Methodology , New York : Harper and Row .
  • Nature Conservancy Council . 1983 . Culbin Sands, Culbin Forest and Findhorn Bay SSSI (description) File Reference 71/N. Scottish Natural Heritage, Elgin, Grampian
  • Olff , H. , De Leeuw , J. , Bammer , J.P. , Platerink , R.J. , van Wijnen , H.J. and DeMunck , W. 1997 . Vegetation succession and herbivory in a salt marsh: changes induced by sea level rise and silt deposition along an elevational gradient . Journal of Ecology , 85 : 799 – 814 .
  • Pennings , S.C. and Callaway , R.M. 1992 . Salt marsh plant zonation: the relative importance of competition and physical factors . Ecology , 73 : 681 – 690 .
  • Rodwell , J.S. British Plant Communities. Vol. 5 Maritime and Weed Communities , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . (in press)
  • Rose , F. 1981 . The Wild Flower Key , London : Warne .
  • Shaw , R.B. and Diersing , V.E. 1990 . Tracked Vehicle Impacts on Vegetation at the Pinon Canyon Manouver Site, Colorado . Journal of Environmental Quality , 19 : 234 – 243 .
  • Warming , E. 1906 . Dansk Planteveakst. 1. Strandvegetation 376S – 376S . Kopenhagen

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.