Common pool resource management in Lake Chilwa, Malawi: a wetland under pressure

REFERENCES

• AGNEW , S . 1972 . “ Environment and history: the Malawian setting ” . In The early history of Malawi , Edited by: Pachai , B . London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• AGNEW , S . 1979 . “ The people and the land ” . In Lake Chilwa: studies of change in a tropical ecosystem , Edited by: Kalk , M , McLachlan , A J and Howard-Williams , C . The Hague/Boston/London : Dr W Junk .
   Google Scholar
• AGNEW , S and CHIPETA , C . 1979 . “ Fishing and fish trading: socio-economic studies ” . In Lake Chilwa: studies of change in a tropical ecosystem , Edited by: Kalk , M , McLachlan , A J and Howard-Williams , C . The Hague/Boston/London : Dr W Junk .
   Google Scholar
• ALLISON , E H , MVULA , P M and ELLIS , F . 2002 . “ Conflicting agendas in the development and management of fisheries on Lake Malawi ” . In Africa's inland fisheries: the management challenge , Edited by: Geheb , K and Sarch , M . Kampala, Uganda : Fountain Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• ALPERS , E A . 1972 . “ The Yao in Malawi: the importance of local research ” . In The early history of Malawi , Edited by: Pachai , B . London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• AMBALI , A JD and KABWAZI , H H . 1999 . The study of fish reproductive biology in Lake Chilwa and Mpoto lagoon with special reference to fishery conservation measures and in relation to changes in lake regime Lilongwe Report for the Lake Chilwa Wetland and Catchment Management in the Department of Environmental Affairs
   Google Scholar
• BECKER , D C and OSTROM , E . 1995 . Human ecology and resource sustainability: the importance of institutional diversity . Annual Review of Ecology and Sytematics , 26 : 113 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• BHIMA , R . 2006 . “ Subsistence use of waterbirds at Lake Chilwa, Malawi ” . In Waterbirds around the world , Edited by: Boere , G C , Galbraith , C A and Stroud , D A . Edinburgh : The Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• BINAULI , L and CHIPETA , L . 1999 . Gender, livelihood security systems and environmental management in the Lake Chilwa wetland and catchment areas Lilongwe Report for the Lake Chilwa Wetland and Catchment Management in the Department of Environmental Affairs
   Google Scholar
• BURRITT , K . 2006 . Expanding access to financial services in Malawi , New York : United Nations Capital Development Fund, USAID & UNDP .
   Google Scholar
• CHILIVUMBO , A . 1970 . “ Impact of development ” . In Decline and recovery of a lake , Edited by: Kalk , M . Zomba, , Malawi : Government Printer . Research Report 1966–1970, University of Malawi, Lake Chilwa Coordinated Research Project.
   Google Scholar
• CHINSINGA , B . 2007 . The social protection policy in Malawi: processes, politics and challenges , The Future Agricultures Consortium. www.future-agricultures.org/ Accessed 22 May 2009
   Google Scholar
• CHIRWA , E W . 2008 . “ Poverty reduction strategies in Malawi: process, implementation and sustainability ” . In In Assessment of poverty reduction strategies in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Malawi , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia : Organisation for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa .
   Google Scholar
• DEPARTMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT . 1998 . Malawi country strategy paper , Lilongwe, Malawi : DFID .
   Google Scholar
• GOVERNMENT OF MALAWI . 2000 . National irrigation policy and development strategy , Lilongwe, Malawi : Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation .
   Google Scholar
• GOVERNMENT OF MALAWI . 2001 . Lake Chilwa wetland management plan , Lilongwe, Malawi : Department of Environmental Affairs .
   Google Scholar
• HALLER , T . 2007 . Understanding institutions and their links to resource management from the perspective of new institutionalism , 2 , Bern, , Switzerland : NCCR North−South . (2002/1), National Centre of Competence in Research North−South Dialogue 2.
   Google Scholar
• HALLER , T . 2009 . “ Common pool resources, legal pluralism and governance from a new institutionalist perspective: lessons from the African Floodplain Wetlands Research Project (AFWeP) ” . In Negotiating local governance. Natural resource management at the interface of communities and the state , Edited by: Eguavoen , I and Laube , W . Münster/London/New York : Lit Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• KALK , M . 1979 . “ Focus on social problems ” . In Lake Chilwa: studies of change in a tropical ecosystem , Edited by: Kalk , M , McLachlan , A J and Howard-Williams , C . The Hague/Boston/London : Dr W Junk .
   Google Scholar
• KAMBEWA , B MD . 2004 . Patterns of access and use in wetlands: the Lake Chilwa basin , Madison, , USA : Department of Agriculture and Applied Economics, University of Wisconsin . Collaborative Research Support Programme
   Google Scholar
• KAMBEWA , B MD . 2005 . Access and control of wetlands in Malawi: an analysis of social and power relations , Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi . PhD thesis
   Google Scholar
• KAYAMBAZINTHU , E and CHABWERA , E . 1999 . The women and men of Lake Chilwa wetland and catchment areas: a gender profile . Report for the Lake Chilwa Wetland and Catchment Management in the Department of Environmental Affairs, Lilongwe
   Google Scholar
• MALAWI VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT COMMITTEE . 2005 . Malawi baseline livelihood profile , Lilongwe : Ministry of Economic Planning and Development .
   Google Scholar
• MALOYA , H . 2001 . “ Community-based natural resources management: the case of Lake Chilwa Wetland, Malawi ” . Gland, , Switzerland : Ramsar Convention Bureau . www.ramsar.org/features/features_malawi_chilwa.htm Accessed 30 June 2009
   Google Scholar
• MCKEAN , M . 2000 . “ Common property: what is it, what is it good for, and what makes it work? ” . In People and forests: communities, institutions, and governance , Edited by: Gibson , C , McKean , M and Ostrom , E . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• MITCHELL , J C . 1956 . The Yao village: a study in the social structure of a Nyasaland tribe , Manchester : Manchester University Press .
   Google Scholar
• MULWAFU , W O . Conflicts over water use in Malawi: a socio-economic study of water resources management along the Likangala River in Zomba District . Paper presented at the 1st Water Research Fund for Southern Africa/WaterNet Symposium: Sustainable Use of Water Resources . November 1–2 , Maputo, Mozambique.
   Google Scholar
• MULWAFU , W O . The use of domestic water supplies for productive purposes in the Lake Chilwa catchment area in southern Malawi . Paper presented at the International Symposium on Water, Poverty and Productive Uses of Water at the Household Level . January 21–23 2003 , Muldersdrift, South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• MVULA , P M . 2002 . Fluctuating fisheries and rural livelihoods at Lake Malawi , Norwich, , UK : University of East Anglia . Report for the Lake Chilwa Wetland and Catchment Management in the Department of Environmental Affairs
   Google Scholar
• NJAYA , F J . 2009 . The Lake Chilwa fishing household strategies in response to water level changes: migration, conflicts and co-management . PhD thesis, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Western Cape
   Google Scholar
• PACHAI , B . 1973 . Malawi: the history of the nation , London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• PACHAI , B . 1979 . “ The influence of history on Lake Chilwa and its people ” . In Lake Chilwa: studies of change in a tropical ecosystem , Edited by: Kalk , M , McLachlan , A J and Howard-Williams , C . The Hague/Boston/London : Dr W Junk .
   Google Scholar
• PETERS , P E . 2004 . Informal irrigation in Lake Chilwa basin: stream-bank and wetland gardens . Collaborative Research Support Programme, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, USA
   Google Scholar
• PHIRI , D D . 2004 . History of Malawi: from earliest times to the year 1915 , Blantyre, Malawi : Christian Literature Association .
   Google Scholar
• SCHUIJT , K and BRANDER , L . 2004 . The economic value of the wetlands , Gland, , Switzerland : World Wildlife Fund International .
   Google Scholar
• SCHULTEN , G GM . 1970 . “ Bird life ” . In Decline and recovery of a lake , Edited by: Kalk , M . Zomba, , Malawi : Government Printer . Research Report 1966–1970, University of Malawi, Lake Chilwa Coordinated Research Project
   Google Scholar
• UNITED NATIONS SYSTEMS IN MALAWI . 2001 . Common country assessment of Malawi: a country-based process for reviewing and analysing the national development and identifying key issues as a basis for advocacy and policy dialogue , Lilongwe, Malawi : United Nations .
   Google Scholar
• WILSON , J GM . 1999 . The waterfowl of Lake Chilwa and their utilization by local communities, and conservation measures as required by the Ramsar Convention . Report for the Lake Chilwa Wetland and Catchment Management in the Department of Environmental Affairs, Lilongwe
   Google Scholar