Botswana: A description of the district roads labour‐intensive improvement and maintenance programme

References

• Alexander , E . June 1982 . Social impact assessment study , June , Gaborone : MLGL .
   Google Scholar
• De Veen , J J . 1980 . The Rural Access Roads Programme , Geneva : ILO . (revised 1983).
   Google Scholar
• Engdahl , A . 1988 . Training course notes for technical staff of the District Council road units , Gaborone : Ministry of Works and Communications: Road Training Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Geddes , R . 1985 . Guidelines: Road layout for developing communities. Literature Review. Technical Report RTV/21 , Pretoria : CSIR, NITRR .
   Google Scholar
• ILO . 1979 . Work study methods , Geneva : ILO .
   Google Scholar
• ILO and Howe , J D G F . 1981 . Guide to tools and equipment for labour‐based road construction , Geneva : ILO .
   Google Scholar
• Little , R . Labour‐intensive road construction in the Valley of a Thousand Hills . Annual Transportation Convention . August , Pretoria . Vol 2A , CSIR .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , J . 1987a . DCRU management system , Gaborone : Ministry of Local Government and Lands .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , J . 1987b . DCRU technical manual , Gaborone : Ministry of Local Government and Lands .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . September 1983 . District pilot project of labour‐intensive construction and maintenance: Botswana CTP 1 7 , September , Geneva : ILO .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . February 1985a . The use of donkey‐drawn carts in labour‐intensive road construction in Botswana: CTP 42 , February , Geneva : ILO .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . 1985b . Donkey‐drawn haulage in labour‐intensive road construction . Appropriate Technology , 11 (4) March : 28 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . 1985c . Botswana: The district roads labour‐intensive improvement and maintenance programme LG 34. A description of the programme and a discussion of related issues , Serowe : ILO . Mimeo: October. 192pp and 31 Annexures.
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . 1987 . Botswana: A description of the district roads labour‐intensive improvement and maintenance programme , Nairobi : ILO . Mimeo, July. 153pp and 12 Annexures.
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . 1988 . The Botswana district roads improvement and maintenance programme — A summary . Development Southern Africa , 5 (3) : 383 – 392 .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . September 1989a . Maintenance in the district roads improvement and maintenance programme September , 9 Mimeo.
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . September 1989b . Botswana: The district roads improvement and maintenance programme: Problems and shortcomings September , Draft.
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . October 1989c . Social impact studies of a low‐volume rural roads project in Botswana , October , Wits . Mlmeo.
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . 1990 . Labour‐intensive road construction in Africa: An introduction . The Civil Engineer in South Africa , 32 (11) November : 483 – 491 .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T . 1991 . The main findings of the district roads pilot project in Botswana and the implications for South Africa . Development Southern Africa , 8 (5) May : 149 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T and Little , R . Practical guidelines for the establishment of a rural/tribal capacity to construct and maintain roads by labour‐intensive methods . Annual Transportation Convention 1991: Developing Areas . August , Pretoria . Vol 4D 2.1‐2.19 , CSIR Convention Centre .
   Google Scholar
• McCutcheon , R T and Veldman , B . Tribal/rural access roads: The development of an institutional framework of labour‐intensive road construction and maintenance . Tenth Annual Transportation Convention 1990, CSIR Convention Centre. Third World Issues . August , Pretoria . Vol. 3C , CSIR Convention Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Solberg , K , Nteta , D A N and Tessem , T . May 1990 . LG 34: District roads labour‐intensive improvement and maintenance programme project review , May , 58 Oslo : NORAD . plus 6 Annexures.
   Google Scholar
• Solinjani , S B , Sadoro , S D , Addae , M Y and Vunguvungu , M . June 1989 . The Transkel labour‐based access roads construction and maintenance programme main findings , June , Umtata : UNITRA Bureau of Development Research and Training .
   Google Scholar
• Swangpol , N . January 1987 . DCRU gangleader training modules , January , Serowe : ILO .
   Google Scholar
• Transkei Appropriate Technology Unit (TATU) . 1984/5 . Report on Gabuzi Road , Umtata : TATU . No date:
   Google Scholar
• Transkei Appropriate Technology Unit (TATU) . 1987 . GXAKU labour‐based road construction progress report , Umtata : TATU . No date:
   Google Scholar
• Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
   Google Scholar