Regional integration in Africa versus higher levels of intra-Africa trade

References

• Aminian, N, Fung, KC & Francis, N, 2008. Integration of markets vs. integration by agreements. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4546. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Coulibaly, S, 2007. Evaluating the trade effect of developing regional trade agreements: A semi-parametric approach. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4220, May, World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• DFID (Department for International Development), 2011. Regional integration and trade in sub-Saharan Africa. Trade and Investment Analytical Papers, Topic 7, Department for International Development, London.
   Google Scholar
• Draper, P, Halleson, D & Alves, P, 2007. SACU, regional integration and the overlap issue in Southern Africa: From spaghetti to cannelloni? Trade Policy Report No. 15. South African Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg, South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Ethier, WJ, 1998. The new regionalism. Economic Journal 108(499), 1149–61. doi: 10.1111/1468-0297.00335
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiorentino, RV, Verdeja, L & Toqueboeuf, C, 2007. The Changing Landscape of Regional Trade Agreements: 2006 Update. World Trade Organisation, Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• Foroutan, F & Pritchett, L, 1993. Intra-sub-Saharan African Trade: is it too little? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 1225. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Frankel, A & Rose, A, 2000. An Estimate of the Effects of Currency Unions on Trade and Growth. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA and Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkley, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Hartzenberg, T, 2011. Regional Integration in Africa. Staff working paper ERSD No. 2011–14.
   Google Scholar
• Hoekman, B, Mattoo, A & English, P (Eds.), 2002. Development, Trade and the WTO: A Handbook. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Kalenga, P, 2009. Deepening regional integration in Southern Africa. SADC Secretariat Regional Forum on Enhancing Competitiveness in Southern Africa, 10 February, Balalaika Hotel, Johannesburg, South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Khandelwal, P, 2004. COMESA and SADC: Prospects and challenges for regional trade integration. IMF Working Paper No. 04/227.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, JD, 2001. Reform and opportunity: The changing role and patterns of trade in South Africa and SADC. A synthesis of World Bank research. Africa Region Working Paper Series No. 14, World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Limao, N & Venables, AJ, 2001. Infrastructure, geographical disadvantage, transport costs, and trade. World Bank Economic Review 15(3), 451–79. doi: 10.1093/wber/15.3.451
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longo, R & Sakkat, K, 2001. Obstacles to expanding intra-African trade. OECD Development Centre Working Paper No. 169, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Mistry, P, 2000. Africa's record of regional co-operation and integration. African Affairs 99, 553–73. doi: 10.1093/afraf/99.397.553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piazolo, M, 2002. Regional integration in Southern Africa: Motor of economic development? The South African Journal of Economics 70(8), 1198–221. doi: 10.1111/j.1813-6982.2002.tb00063.x
   Google Scholar
• SADC (Southern African Development Community), 1996. Protocol on Trade. Maseru, August.
   Google Scholar
• Salazar-Xirinachs, JM, 2005. Regional vs. multilateral priorities for developing countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Paper presented for the International Trade Roundtable on The WTO at 10 Years – The Regional Challenge to Multilateralism 24 March 1999, Brussels, Belgium.
   Google Scholar
• Schiff, M & Winters, LA, 2003. Regional Integration and Development. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Söderbaum, F, 1996. Handbook of Regional Organisations in Africa. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Uppsala.
   Google Scholar
• Soko, M, 2007. The Political Economy of Regional Integration in Southern Africa. Notre-Europe, December, Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Soloaga, I & Winters, L, 2001. Regionalism in the nineties: What effect on trade? The North American Journal of Economics and Finance 12(1), 1–29. doi: 10.1016/S1062-9408(01)00042-0
   Google Scholar
• Te Velde, D, 2008. Regional Integration in African, Caribbean and Pacific countries. A review of the literature. European Commission, DG Development, Brussels, Belgium.
   Google Scholar
• UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development), 2001. E-commerce and Development Report. UNCTAD, Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development), 2009. Economic development in Africa. Strengthening regional economic integration for Africa's development. Report, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• UNECA (United Nations Economic Commission for Africa), 2010. Assessing Regional Integration in Africa, IV: Enhancing Intra-African Trade. ECA Publications and Conference Management Section (PCMS), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
   Google Scholar
• Venables, AJ, 1999. Regional integration: A force for convergence or divergence? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2260, December, World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Viner, J., 1950. The Customs Union Issue. Oxford University Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Winters, LA, 2004. Trade liberalisation and economic performance: An overview. The Economic Journal 114(493), F4–21. doi: 10.1111/j.0013-0133.2004.00185.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winters, LA & Masters, A, 2010. Openness and growth: Still an open question. Address given by Winters to the ESRC Development Economics Annual Conference, January, University of Manchester.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank, 2011. Africa Competitiveness Report. African Development Bank and World Bank, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar