Do urban planning and sprawl affect social vulnerability? An assessment of Dar es Salaam

References

• Abson, DJ, Dougill, AJ & Stringer, LC, 2012. Using principal component analysis for information-rich socio-ecological vulnerability mapping in Southern Africa. Applied Geography 35(1-2), 515–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adelekan, I, Johnson, C, Manda, M, Matyas, D, Mberu, B, Parnell, S, Pelling M, Satterthwaite D, Vivekananda, J, 2015. Disaster risk and its reduction: An agenda for urban Africa. International Development Planning Review 37(1), 33–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreasen, MH & Møller-Jensen, L, 2017. Access to the city: Mobility patterns, transport and accessibility in peripheral settlements of Dar es Salaam. Journal of Transport Geography 62, 20–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreasen, MH, Agergaard, J & Møller-Jensen, L, 2017. Suburbanisation, homeownership aspirations and urban housing: Exploring urban expansion in Dar es Salaam. Urban Studies 54(10), 2342–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagstad, KJ, Stapleton, K & D'Agostino, JR, 2007. Taxes, subsidies, and insurance as drivers of United States coastal development. Ecological Economics 63(2-3), 285–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, JL (Ed.). 2012. Climate change, disaster risk, and the urban poor: Cities building resilience for a changing world. World Bank Publications, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Beyer, LI, Chaudhuri, J & Kagima, B, 2016. Kenya's focus on urban vulnerability and resilience in the midst of urban transitions in Nairobi. Development Southern Africa 33(1), 3–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhanjee, S, 2019. Urban (Un)planning and social vulnerability in the context of rapid urbanization and data constraints: A quantitative study of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Louisville.
   Google Scholar
• Bhanjee, S & Zhang, CH, 2018. Mapping latest patterns of urban sprawl in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Papers in Applied Geography 4(3), 292–304.
   Google Scholar
• Blumenberg, E, 2004. En-gendering effective planning: Spatial mismatch, low-income women, and transportation policy. Journal of the American Planning Association 70(3), 269–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boamah, EF & Walker, M, 2017. Legal pluralism, land tenure and the production of “nomotropic urban spaces” in post-colonial Accra, Ghana. Geography Research Forum 36, 86–109.
   Google Scholar
• Bohle, HG, Downing, TE & Watts, MJ, 1994. Climate change and social vulnerability: Toward a sociology and geography of food insecurity. Global environmental change 4(1), 37–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borel-Saladin, J, Shifa, M & Donald, A, 2018. 4 Understanding and addressing poverty, labour force, and urbanisation data gaps in sub-Saharan Africa. Urban Food Systems Governance and Poverty in African Cities, 68.
   Google Scholar
• Briggs, J & Mwamfupe, D, 1999. The changing nature of the peri-urban zone in Africa: Evidence from Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Scottish Geographical Journal 115(4), 269–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, SY & Chang, H, 2017. Recent research approaches to urban flood vulnerability, 2006–2016. Natural Hazards 88(1), 633–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cobbinah, PB & Amoako, C, 2012. Urban sprawl and the loss of peri-urban land in Kumasi, Ghana. International Journal of Social and Human Sciences 6(388), e397.
   Google Scholar
• Congedo, L & Macchi, S, 2015. The demographic dimension of climate change vulnerability: Exploring the relation between population growth and urban sprawl in Dar es Salaam. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 13, 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Congedo, L, Munafò, M & Macchi, S, 2013. Investigating the relationship between land cover and vulnerability to climate change in Dar es Salaam. Sapieza University, Rome.
   Google Scholar
• Coulibaly, JY, Mbow, C, Sileshi, GW, Beedy, T, Kundhlande, G & Musau, J, 2015. Mapping vulnerability to climate change in Malawi: Spatial and social differentiation in the Shire River Basin. American Journal of Climate Change 4(03), 282–94.
   Google Scholar
• Cutter, SL, Boruff, BJ & Shirley, WL, 2003. Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Social Science Quarterly 84(2), 242–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danumah, JH, Odai, SN, Saley, BM, Szarzynski, J, Thiel, M, Kwaku, A, Kouame FK, Akpa, LY, 2016. Flood risk assessment and mapping in Abidjan district using multi-criteria analysis (AHP) model and geoinformation techniques (Cote d’ivoire). Geoenvironmental Disasters 3(1), 10.
   Google Scholar
• Dodman, D, Kibona, E & Kiluma, L, 2011. Tomorrow is too late: Responding to social and climate vulnerability in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Case study prepared for the Global Report on Human Settlements.
   Google Scholar
• Dodman, D, Leck, H, Rusca, M & Colenbrander, S, 2017. African urbanisation and urbanism: Implications for risk accumulation and reduction. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 26, 7–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebert, A, Kerle, N & Stein, A, 2009. Urban social vulnerability assessment with physical proxies and spatial metrics derived from air-and spaceborne imagery and GIS data. Natural Hazards 48(2), 275–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eguaroje, O, Alaga, T, Ogbole, J, Omolere, S, Alwadood, J, Kolawole, I, Muibi KH, Nnaemeka D, Popoola DS, Samson, S, Adewoyin JE, Jesuleye I, Badru RA, Atijosan A, Ajileye OO, 2015. Flood vulnerability assessment of Ibadan city, Oyo state, Nigeria. World Environment 5(4), 149–59.
   Google Scholar
• Eriksen, SH, Brown, K & Kelly, PM, 2005. The dynamics of vulnerability: Locating coping strategies in Kenya and Tanzania. The Geographical Journal 171(4), 287–305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksen, S, O'Brien, K & Rosentrater, L, 2008. Climate change in Eastern and Southern Africa: Impacts, vulnerability and adaptation. GECHS Report, 2, Oslo, Norway, pp. 1–26.
   Google Scholar
• Fang, C, Wang, Y & Fang, J, 2016. A comprehensive assessment of urban vulnerability and its spatial differentiation in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences 26(2), 153–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez, P, Mourato, S & Moreira, M, 2016. Social vulnerability assessment of flood risk using GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis. A case study of Vila Nova de Gaia (Portugal). Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk 7(4), 1367–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Few, R, 2003. Flooding, vulnerability and coping strategies: Local responses to a global threat. Progress in Development Studies 3(1), 43–58.
   Google Scholar
• Flanagan, BE, Gregory, EW, Hallisey, EJ, Heitgerd, JL & Lewis, B, 2011. A social vulnerability index for disaster management. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management 8(1), 1–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hambati, H, 2013. Weathering the storm: Disaster risk and vulnerability assessment of informal settlements in Mwanza city, Tanzania. International Journal of Environmental Studies 70(6), 919–39.
   Google Scholar
• Hambati, H & Gaston, G, 2015. Revealing the vulnerability of urban communities to flood hazard in Tanzania: A case of the Dar es Salaam city ecosystem. International Journal of Geospatial and Environmental Research 2(1), 3.
   Google Scholar
• Herslund, LB, Jalayer, F, Jean-Baptiste, N, Jørgensen, G, Kabisch, S, Kombe, W, Lindley, S, Nyed, PK, Pauleit, S, Printz, A, Vedeld, T, 2016. A multi-dimensional assessment of urban vulnerability to climate change in sub-Saharan Africa. Natural Hazards 82(2), 149–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, A & Lindner, C, 2011. Simulation informal urban growth in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania-A CA-based land-use simulation model supporting strategic urban planning. In Koch, A, & Mendl, P (Eds.), Modeling and simulating urban processes. LIT-Verlag, Munste, pp. 77–98.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, A, Hühner, T, Kreibich, V & Lindner, C, 2014. Dar es Salaam, megacity of tomorrow: Informal urban expansion and the provision of technical infrastructure. In Kraas, F, Aggarwal, S, Coy, M & Mertins, G (Eds.), Megacities. International year of planet earth. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 165–77.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, B & Andrey, J, 2007. Vulnerability index construction: Methodological choices and their influence on identifying vulnerable neighbourhoods. International Journal of Emergency Management 4(2), 269–95.
   Google Scholar
• Kebede, AS & Nicholls, RJ, 2012. Exposure and vulnerability to climate extremes: Population and asset exposure to coastal flooding in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Regional Environmental Change 12(1), 81–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, PM & Adger, WN, 2000. Theory and practice in assessing vulnerability to climate change and facilitating adaptation. Climatic Change 47(4), 325–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelman, I, Gaillard, JC, Lewis, J & Mercer, J, 2016. Learning from the history of disaster vulnerability and resilience research and practice for climate change. Natural Hazards 82(S1), 129–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kironde, JL, 2000. Understanding land markets in African urban areas: The case of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Habitat International 24(2), 151–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kironde, JL, 2006. The regulatory framework, unplanned development and urban poverty: Findings from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Land Use Policy 23(4), 460–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiunsi, R, 2013. The constraints on climate change adaptation in a city with a large development deficit: The case of Dar es Salaam. Environment and Urbanization 25(2), 321–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kombe, JW, 1994. The demise of public urban land management and the emergence of informal land markets in Tanzania: A case of Dar-es-Salaam city. Habitat International 18(1), 23–43.
   Google Scholar
• Kombe, WJ, 2005. Land use dynamics in peri-urban areas and their implications on the urban growth and form: the case of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Habitat International 29(1), 113–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kombe, WJ & Kreibich, V, 2006. Governance of informal urbanisation in Tanzania. Mkuki na Nyota Publishers, Dar es Salaam.
   Google Scholar
• Krellenberg, K, Welz, J, Link, F & Barth, K, 2016. Urban vulnerability and the contribution of socio-environmental fragmentation: Theoretical and methodological pathways. Progress in Human Geography 41(4), 1–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lankao, PR & Qin, H, 2011. Conceptualizing urban vulnerability to global climate and environmental change. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 3(3), 142–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawal, O & Arokoyu, SB, 2015. Modelling social vulnerability in sub-Saharan West Africa using a geographical information system. Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 7(1), 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y-J, 2014. Social vulnerability indicators as a sustainable planning tool. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 44, 31–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyimo, JG & Kangalawe, RY, 2010. Vulnerability and adaptive strategies to the impact of climate change and variability. The case of rural households in semi-arid Tanzania. Environmental Economics 1(Iss. 2), 89–97.
   Google Scholar
• Mavhura, E, Manyena, B & Collins, AE, 2017. An approach for measuring social vulnerability in context: The case of flood hazards in Muzarabani district, Zimbabwe. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 86, 103–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mkalawa, CC, 2016. Analyzing Dar es Salaam urban change and its spatial pattern. International Journal of Urban Planning and Transportation 31(1), 1138–50.
   Google Scholar
• Mkalawa, CC & Haixiao, P, 2014. Dar es Salaam city temporal growth and its influence on transportation. Urban, Planning and Transport Research 2(1), 423–46.
   Google Scholar
• Moser, C, 1996. Confronting crisis: A summary and household responses to poverty and vulnerability in four poor urban communities. Banco Mundial.
   Google Scholar
• Mutabazi, KD, Sieber, S, Maeda, C & Tscherning, K, 2015. Assessing the determinants of poverty and vulnerability of smallholder farmers in a changing climate: The case of Morogoro region, Tanzania. Regional Environmental Change 15(7), 1243–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutanga, SS & Mwiruki, B, 2013. Managing vulnerability to climate extremes in Africa: Some policy insights into frequent flooding in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
   Google Scholar
• Nuwagaba, A, 2003. Urban poverty and environmental health: The case of Kampala city, Uganda. In Kwesi Darkoh, MB & Rwomire, A (Eds.), Human impact on environment and sustainable development in Africa-contemporary perspectives on developing societies. Ashgate Publishers, Hampshire, 403–28.
   Google Scholar
• Olvera, LD, Plat, D & Pochet, P, 2003. Transportation conditions and access to services in a context of urban sprawl and deregulation. The case of Dar es Salaam. Transport Policy 10(4), 287–98.
   Google Scholar
• Pauleit, S, Coly, A, Fohlmeister, S, Gasparini, P, Jørgensen, G, Kabisch, S, Kombe, WJ, Lindley, S, Simonis, I, Yeshitela, K, 2015. Urban vulnerability and climate change in Africa. Future City, 4.
   Google Scholar
• Pelling, M, 2002. Assessing urban vulnerability and social adaptation to risk: Evidence from Santo Domingo. International Development Planning Review 24(1), 59–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesaresi, M, Huadong, G, Blaes, X, Ehrlich, D, Ferri, S, Gueguen, L, Halkia, M, Kauffmann, M, Kemper, T, Lu, L, Marin-Herrera, MA, Ouzounis, GK, Scavazzon, M, Soille, P, Syrris, V, Zanchetta, L, 2013. A global human settlement layer from optical HR/VHR RS data: Concept and first results. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 6(5), 2102–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porio, E, 2011. Vulnerability, adaptation, and resilience to floods and climate change-related risks among marginal, riverine communities in Metro Manila. Asian Journal of Social Science 39(4), 425–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quarantelli, EL, 2003. Urban vulnerability to disasters in developing countries: Managing risks. Building Safer Cities, 211.
   Google Scholar
• Räsänen, A, Juhola, S, Nygren, A, Käkönen, M, Kallio, M, Monge, AM & Kanninen, M, 2016. Climate change, multiple stressors and human vulnerability: A systematic review. Regional Environmental Change 16(8), 2291–302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasmussen, MI, 2013. The power of the informal settlements–the case of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Planum—the Journal of Urbanism 1, 26.
   Google Scholar
• Reckien, D, 2018. What is in an index? Construction method, data metric, and weighting scheme determine the outcome of composite social vulnerability indices in New York city. Regional Environmental Change 18, 1439–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond, A, Myers, I & Namuli, H, 2018. Urban informality and vulnerability: A case study in Kampala, Uganda. Urban Science 2(1), 22.
   Google Scholar
• Rufat, S, Tate, E, Burton, CG & Maroof, AS, 2015. Social vulnerability to floods: Review of case studies and implications for measurement. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 14, 470–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salami, RO, von Meding, JK & Giggins, H, 2017. Urban settlements’ vulnerability to flood risks in African cities: A conceptual framework. Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 9(1), 1–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salas, J & Yepes, V, 2018. Urban vulnerability assessment: Advances from the strategic planning outlook. Journal of Cleaner Production 179, 544–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarris, A, & Karfakis, P, 2006. Household vulnerability in rural Tanzania. CSAE Conference: Reducing poverty and inequality: How can Africa be included.
   Google Scholar
• Šliužas, RV, 2004. Managing informal settlements: A study using geo-information in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Doctoral dissertation, University Utrecht.
   Google Scholar
• Tate, E, 2012. Social vulnerability indices: A comparative assessment using uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Natural Hazards 63(2), 325–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tipple, G, 2005. Housing and urban vulnerability in rapidly-developing cities. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 13(2), 66–75.
   Google Scholar
• UN Habitat, 2010. Citywide action plan for upgrading unplanned and unserviced settlements in Dar es Salaam. UN Habitat, Nairobi, Kenya.
   Google Scholar
• UN Habitat, 2015. Habitat III issue paper 22 informal settlements. United Nations, New York, NY.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2015. World population prospects: The 2015 revision, key findings and advance tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.241.
   Google Scholar
• Wolf, S, Hinkel, J, Hallier, M, Bisaro, A, Lincke, D, Ionescu, C & Klein, RJ, 2013. Clarifying vulnerability definitions and assessments using formalisation. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 5(1), 54–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar