A Flexible Digitally Controlled Oscillator Structure to Reconfigure the Frequency Band in Multi-band RF AD-PLL System

REFERENCES

• M. Rais-Zadeh, J. T. Fox, D. D. Wentzloff, and Y. B. Gianchandani, “Reconfigurable radios: a possible solution to reduce entry costs in wireless phones,” Proc. IEEE, Vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 438–451, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. G. Machado, and A. M. Wyglinski, “Software-defined radio: bridging the analog–digital divide,” Proc. IEEE, Vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 409–423, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Huang, C. Liang, H. Huang, and P. Wang, “15.3 a 2.4 GHz ADPLL with digital-regulated supply-noise-insensitive and temperature-self-compensated ring DCO,” in 2014 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC), 2014, pp. 270–271.
   Google Scholar
• X. Peng, J. Yin, P.-I. Mak, W.-H. Yu, and R. P. Martins, “A 2.4-GHz Zig Bee transmitter using a function-reuse class-F DCO-PA and an ADPLL achieving 22.6% (14.5%) system efficiency at 6-dBm (0-dBm) Pout,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 1495–1508, 2017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Liu, and Y. Zheng, “A fractional-N counter-assisted DPLL with parallel sampling ILFD,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1361–1373, 2016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T. Seong, Y. Lee, S. Yoo, and J. Choi, “A 320-fs RMS jitter and – 75-dBc reference-Spur ring-DCO-based digital PLL using an optimal-threshold TDC,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 54, no. 9, pp. 2501–2512, 2019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I. L. Syllaios, R. B. Staszewski, and P. T. Balsara, “Time-domain modeling of an RF all-digital PLL,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs, Vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 601–605, 2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z. Huang, and H. C. Luong, “Design and analysis of millimeter-wave digitally controlled oscillators with C-2C exponentially scaling switched-capacitor ladder,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Regul. Pap., Vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 1299–1307, 2017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. Haddad, H. Barthélemy, I. Ghorbel, M. Loulou, W. Rahajandraibe, and H. Mnif, “Digitally controlled oscillator using active inductor based on CMOS inverters,” Electron. Lett., Vol. 50, no. 22, pp. 1572–1574, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Zhang, W. Rhee, T. Kim, H. Park, and Z. Wang, “A 0.35–0.5-V 18–152 MHz digitally controlled relaxation oscillator with adaptive threshold calibration in 65-nm CMOS,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs, Vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 736–740, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.-C. Su, S.-J. Jou, and W.-Z. Chen, “A low-jitter cell-based digitally controlled oscillator with differential multiphase outputs,” IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. VLSI Syst., Vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 766–770, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Zhuang, K. Waheed, and R. B. Staszewski, “Design of spur-free ∑Δ frequency tuning interface for digitally controlled oscillators,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs, Vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 46–50, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I. Bashir, R. B. Staszewski, and P. T. Balsara, “A digitally controlled injection-locked oscillator with fine frequency resolution,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1347–1360, 2016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. Wang, K. Zhao, Q. Guo, and Z. Li, “Efficient self-powered convertor with digitally controlled oscillator-based adaptive maximum power point tracking and RF kick-start for ultralow-voltage thermoelectric energy harvesting,” IET Circuits Devices Syst., Vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 147–155, 2016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Adithya, and M. Sridharan, “A wide tunable fast settling 4-bit digitally controlled oscillator for reconfigurable multi-band RF applications,” Microelectron. J., Vol. 92, pp. 104608, 2019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. B. Staszewski, C.-M. Hung, D. Leipold, and P. T. Balsara, “A first multigigahertz digitally controlled oscillator for wireless applications,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 2154–2164, 2003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U. L. Rohde, A. K. Poddar, J. Schoepf, R. Rebel, and P. Patel, “Low noise low cost wideband N-push VCO,” in International Microwave Symposium Digest, 2005 IEEE MTT-S, USA, June 12–17, 2005, pp. 0–4.
   Google Scholar
• U. L. Rohde, and A. K. Poddar, “Concurrent, reconfigurable and adaptable oscillators for multi-band multi-mode communication systems,” in European Microwave Conference, EUMC 2007, Munich, Oct. 9–12, 2007, pp. 1050–1053.
   Google Scholar
• U. L. Rohde, and A. K. Poddar, “Low cost configurable RF signal source for wireless applications,” in European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2007, Munich, Oct. 8–10, 2007, pp. 508–511.
   Google Scholar
• A. Poddar, U. Rohde, and A. Apte, “How low can they go, oscillator phase noise model, theoretical, experimental validation, and phase noise measurements,” IEEE Microwave Mag., Vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 50–72, September/October 2013.
   Google Scholar
• U. Rohde, A. Poddar, and A. Apte, “Getting its measure: oscillator phase noise measurement techniques and limitations,” IEEE Microwave Mag., Vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 73–86, September/October 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L.-H. Lu, H.-H. Hsieh, and Y.-T. Liao, “A wide tuning-range CMOS VCO with a differential tunable active inductor,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 54, no. 9, pp. 3462–3468, 2006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S.-Y. Seo, J.-H. Chun, Y.-H. Jun, S. Kim, and K.-W. Kwon, “A digitally controlled oscillator with wide frequency range and low supply sensitivity,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs, Vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 632–636, 2011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.-Y. Foo, and R. J. Weber, “Low power 5GHz quadrature phase CMOS LC oscillator with active inductor,” in IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology, 2004, ISCIT 2004, IEEE, 2004, pp. 1084–1089.
   Google Scholar
• R. Mukhopadhyay, et al., “Reconfigurable RFICs in Si-based technologies for a compact intelligent RF front-end,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 81–93, 2005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Jin, “Low power current-mode voltage controlled oscillator for 2.4GHz wireless applications,” Comput. Electr. Eng., Vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 92–99, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. Mehra, V. Kumar, and A. Islam, “Floating active inductor based class-C VCO with 8 digitally tuned sub-bands,” AEU – Int. J. Electron. Commun., Vol. 83, pp. 1–10, 2018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar