Teaching Writing to Learning-Disabled Students

References

• Bereiter , C. and Scardamalia , M. 1981 . “ From conversation to composition: The role of instruction in a developmental process ” . In Advances in instructional psychology , Edited by: Glaser , R. Vol. 2 , 1 – 64 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Brigham , T. A. , Graubard , P. S. and Stans , A. 1972 . Analysis of the effects of sequential reinforcement contingencies on aspects of composition . Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , 5 : 421 – 429 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crealock , C. M. , Sitko , M. C. , Hutchinson , A. , Sitko , C. and Marlett , L. 1985 . Creative writing competency: A comparison of paper and pencil and computer technologies to improve the writing skills of mildly handicapped adolescents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association . 1985 , Chicago, IL.
   Google Scholar
• Deshler , D. D. , Ferrell , W. R. and Kass , C. E. 1978 . Monitoring of schoolwork errors by LD adolescents . Journal of Learning Disabilities , 11 : 10 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flower , L. and Hayes , J. R. 1980 . “ The dynamics of composing: Making plans and juggling constraints ” . In Cognitive processes in writing , Edited by: Gregg , L. W. and Steinberg , E. R. 30 – 51 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and Harris , K. 1986 . Improving learning disabled students' compositions via story grammar training: A component analysis of self-control strategy training. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association . 1986 , San Francisco, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and Harris , K. 1987 . [The role of production factors in LD students' compositions] Unpublished raw data
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and Harris , K. “ Cognitive training: Implications for written language ” . In Handbook of cognitive behavioral approaches in educational settings , Edited by: Hughes , J. and Hall , R. New York : Guilford Publishing Co . (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and MacArthur , C. 1987 . “ a). Writing language of the handicapped ” . In Encyclopedia of special education , Edited by: Reynolds , C. and Mann , L. New York : Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and MacArthur , C. 1987b . [Improving learning disabled students' skills at revising essays produced on a word processor: Self-instructional training] Unpublished raw data
   Google Scholar
• Graham , S. and Stoddard , B. 1987 . Teaching spelling to the learning disabled: Implications from research . Illinois Schools Journal , 66 : 3 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Hayes , J. R. and Flower , L. S. 1980 . “ Identifying the organization of writing processes ” . In Cognitive processes in writing , Edited by: Gregg , L. W. and Steinberg , E. R. 3 – 29 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Isaacson , S. L. 1985 . Assessing the potential syntax development of third and fourth grade writers , Tempe : Arizona State University . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Karegianes , M. L. , Pascarella , E. T. and Pflaum , S. W. 1980 . The effects of peer editing on the writing proficiency of low-achieving tenth grade students . Journal of Educational Research , 73 : 203 – 207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraetsch , G. A. 1981 . The effects of oral instructions and training on the expansion of written language . Learning Disability Quarterly , 4 : 82 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacArthur , C. and Graham , S. Learning disabled students' composing under three methods: Handwriting, dictation, and word processing . Journal of Special Education , (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Meltzer , L. J. , Fenton , T. and Persky , S. 1985 . A developmental study of the components of written language in children with and without learning difficulties. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association . 1985 , Chicago, IL.
   Google Scholar
• Moran , M. R. 1981 . A comparison of formal features of written language of learning disabled, low-achieving and achieving secondary students , Lawrence : University of Kansas . (Tech. Rep. No. 34)
   Google Scholar
• Moran , M. R. , Schumaker , J. B. and Vetter , A. F. 1981 . Teaching a paragraph organization strategy to learning disabled adolescents , Lawrence : University of Kansas . (Research Rep. No. 54)
   Google Scholar
• Nodine , B. F. , Barenbaum , E. and Newcomer , P. 1985 . Story composition by learning disabled, reading disabled, and normal children . Learning Disability Quarterly , 8 : 167 – 179 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poteet , J. A. 1979 . Characteristics of written expression of learning disabled and non-learning disabled elementary school students . Diagnostique , 4 : 60 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Raphael , T. E. , Englert , C. S. and Kirschner , B. W. 1986 . The impact of text structure instruction within a process writing orientation on fifth and sixth grade students' comprehension and production of expository text. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association . 1986 , San Francisco, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Rumsey , I. and Ballard , K. D. 1985 . Teaching self-management strategies for independent story writing to children with classroom behavior difficulties . Educational Psychology , 5 : 147 – 157 .
   Google Scholar
• Scardamalia , M. and Bereiter , C. 1986 . “ Written composition ” . In Handbook of research on teaching, , 3rd ed. , Edited by: Wittrock , M. New York : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Schumaker , J. B. , Deshler , D. D. , Alley , G. R. , Warner , M. M. , Clark , F. L. and Nolan , S. 1982 . “ Error monitoring: A learning strategy for improving adolescent performance ” . In Best of ACLD , Edited by: Cruickshank , W. M. and Lerner , J. Vol. 3 , Syracuse, NY : Syracuse University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Seabaugh , G. O. and Schumaker , J. B. 1981 . The effects of self-regulation training on the academic productivity of LD and NLD adolescents , Lawrence : University of Kansas . (Research Rep. No. 37)
   Google Scholar
• Strong , W. 1981 . Sentence combining and paragraph building , New York : Random House .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , C. C. , Englert , C. S. and Gregg , S. 1987 . An analysis of errors and strategies in the expository writing of learning disabled students . Remedial and Special Education , 8 : 21 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar