Controlled vitamin C restriction and physical performance in volunteers.

References

• Van der Beek EJ, Van Dokkum W, Schrijver J, Wedel M, Gaillard AWK, Wesstra JA, Van de Weerd H, Hermus RJJ: Impact of combined restricted vitamin B1, B2, B6, and C intake on functional performance in man. Am J Clin Nutr 48: 1451–1462, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Beek EJ: Restricted vitamin intake and physical performance of military personnel. In Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council: “Predicting Decrements in Military Performance Due to Inadequate Nutrition,” Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington: National Academy Press, pp 137–162, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Crandon JH, Lund CC, Dill DB: Experimental scurvy. N Engl J Med 223: 353–369, 1940.
   Google Scholar
• Farmer CJ: Some aspects of vitamin C metabolism. Fed Proc 3: 179–188, 1944.
   Google Scholar
• Kinsman RA, Hood J: Some behavioral effects of ascorbic acid deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 24: 455–464, 1971.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartley W, Krebs HA, O'Brien JRP: Vitamin C requirement of human adults: Medical Research Council Special Report Number 280. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1953.
   Google Scholar
• Bowring J, Lowenberg RL, Morrison MA: Nutritional studies of pregnant women in East Harlem. Am J Clin Nutr 33: 1987–1996, 1980.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burr ML: The prevalence of vitamin deficiency in the elderly. In Kemm JR, Ancill RJ (eds): “Vitamin Deficiency in the Elderly — Prevalence, Clinical Significance, and Effects on Brain Function.” Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp 68–87, 1985.
   Google Scholar
• Buzina R, Grgi$cA Z, Jŭsic M, Sapunar J, Milanovi$cA M, Brubacher G: Nutritional status and physical working capacity. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr 36: 429–438, 1982.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Suboticaneč-Buzina K, Buzina R, Brubacher G, Sapunar J, Christeller S, Milanovič N: Vitamin C status and physical working capacity in adolescents. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 54: 55–60, 1984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speek AJ, Schrijver J, Schreurs WHP: Fluorometric determination of total vitamin C and total iso-vitamin C in food stuffs and beverages by high-performance liquid chromatography with precolumn derivatization. J Agric Food Chem 2: 352–355, 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Speek AJ, Schrijver J, Schreurs WHP: Fluorometric determination of total vitamin C in whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatography with precolumn derivatization. J Chromatogr 305: 53–60, 1984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles LEM, Lipschitz DA, Bieber CP, Cook JD: Measurement of serum ferritin by 2-site immunoradiometric assay. Anal Biochem 61: 209–221, 1974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Åstrand PO, Rodahl K: Textbook of Work Physiology, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• McConnell TR: Practical considerations in the testing of VO2-max in runners. Sports Med 5: 57–68, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyle SB, Smoak BL, Douglass LW, Deuster PA: Variability of responses across training levels to maximal treadmill exercise. J Appl Physiol 67: 160–165, 1989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs I: Lactate, muscle glycogen and exercise performance in man. Acta Physiol Scand 495(Suppl):1–35, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Borg G: Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. Scand J Rehab Med 2: 92–98, 1970.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mannino JA, Washburn A: Cardiovascular responses to moderate facial cooling in men and women. Aviat Space Environ Med 58: 29–33, 1987.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Olson GF: Optimal conditions for the enzymatic determination of l-lactic acid. Clin Chem 8: 1–10, 1962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollmann W, Hettinger T: Sportmedizin — Arbeits- und Trainingsgrundlagen, 2nd ed. Stuttgart: FK Schattauer Verlag, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Binkhorst RA, van Leeuwen R: A rapid method for the determination of aerobic capacity. Int Z Angew Physiol Einschl Arbeitsphysiol 19: 459–467, 1963.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Åstrand PO: Quantification of exercise capability and evaluation of physical capacity in man. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 19: 51–67, 1976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keen B, Thissen J, Hoekstra J, Jansen H: Successive measurement experiments. Statistica Neerlandica 40: 205–223, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Kallner A, Hartmann D, Hornig D: Steady-state turnover and body pool of ascorbic acid in man. Am J Clin Nutr 32: 530–539, 1979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omaye ST, Skala JH, Jacob RA: Plasma ascorbic acid in adult males: the effects of depletion and supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 44: 257–264, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaton GH: Toward harmonization of dietary, biochemical, and clinical assessments: the meanings of nutritional status and requirements. Nutr Rev 44: 349–358, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Raaij JMA, Katan MB, West CE, Hautvast JGAJ: Influence of diets containing casein, soy isolate, and soy concentrate on serum cholesterol and lipoproteins in middle-aged volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 35: 925–934, 1982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dokkum W, Pikaar NA, Thissen JTNM: Physiological effects of fibre-rich types of bread, 2. Dietary fibre from bread: digestibility by the intestinal microflora and water-holding capacity in the colon of human subjects. Br J Nutr 50: 61–74, 1983.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grande F: Impact of food restriction on physical performance. In Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council: “Predicting Decrements in Military Performance Due to Inadequate Nutrition,” Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, pp 81–97, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Englard S, Seifter S: The biochemical functions of ascorbic acid. Ann Rev Nutr 6: 365–406, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallner A: Influence of vitamin C status on urinary excretion of catecholamines in stress. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr 37: 405–411, 1983.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yoshioka M, Matsushita T, Chuman Y: Inverse relationship of serum ascorbic acid level and blood pressure or rate of hypertension in male adults 30–39 years. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 54: 343–347, 1984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unsigned: Carnitine synthesis in scorbutic guinea pigs. Nutr Rev 43: 185–187, 1985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rebouche CJ: Carnitine metabolism and functions in humans. Ann Rev Nutr 6: 41–66, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues Pereira R, Scholte HR, Luyt-Houwen IEM, Vaandrager-Verduin MHM: Cardiomyopathy associated with carnitine loss in kidneys and small intestine. Eur J Pediatr 148: 193–197, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dal Negro R, Pomari G, Zoccatelli O, Turco P: Changes in physical performance of untrained volunteers: effects of l-carnitine. Clin Tri J 23: 242–248, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Greig C, Funck KM, Jones DA, Cooper M, Sargeant AJ, Forte CA: The effect of oral supplementation with l-carnitine on maximum and submaximum exercise capacity. Eur J Appl Physiol 56: 457–460, 1987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soop M, Björkman O, Cederblad G, Hagenfeldt L, Wahren J: Influence of carnitine supplementation on muscle substrate and carnitine metabolism during exercise. J Appl Physiol 64: 2394–2399, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hülsmann WC, Siliprandi D, Ciman M, Siliprandi N: Effect of carnitine on the oxidation of α-oxoglutarate to succinate in the presence of acetoacetate or pyruvate. Biochim Biophys Acta 93: 166–168, 1964.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borum PR: Role of carnitine in lipid metabolism. In Horisberger M, Braco U (eds): “Lipids in Modern Nutrition.” New York: Vervey/Raven Press, pp 51–58, 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs I: Blood lactate — implications for training and sports performance. Sports Med 3: 10–25, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bülow J: Lipid mobilization and utilization. In Poortmans JR (ed): “Principles of Exercise Biochemistry.” Med Sport Sci (Basel: Karger) 27: 140–163, 1988.
   Google Scholar
• Carlin JI, Reddan WG, Sanjak M, Hodach R: Carnitine metabolism during prolonged exercise and recovery in humans. J Appl Physiol 61: 1275–1278, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergh U, Danielson U, Wennberg L, Sjödin B: Blood lactate and perceived exertion during heat stress. Acta Physiol Scand 126: 617–619, 1986.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Demello JJ, Cureton KJ, Boineau RE, Singh MM: Ratings of perceived exertion at the lactate threshold in trained and untrained men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 19: 354–362, 1987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durnin JVGA, Womersley J: Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr 32: 77–97, 1974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar