125
Views
29
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Papers

Body Fat Percent by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease Among Urban Men with Low Rates of Obesity: The Indian Paradox

, MD, , PhD, , PhD, , MD, , PhD & , MD
Pages 268-273 | Received 01 Apr 1998, Accepted 01 Dec 1998, Published online: 07 Jun 2013

REFERENCES

  • World Health, Organization Study Group: “Diet, Nutrition and Prevention of Chronic Diseases.” Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.
  • Bjorntorp P: Visceral obesity: A civilization syndrome. Obes Res 1: 206–222, 1993.
  • Manson JE, Willet WC, Stamfer MJ, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Susan BS, Hankinson SE, Hennekens CH, Speizer FE: Body weight and mortality among women. N Engl J Med 333: 677–685, 1995.
  • Mckeigue PM, Ferrie JE, Pierpoint T, Marmot MG: Association of early onset coronary heart disease in south Asian men with glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia Circulation 87: 152–161, 1993.
  • Mckeigue PM, Shah B, Marmot MG: Relation of central obesity and insulin resistance with high diabetes prevalence and cardiovascular risk in south Asians. Lancet 337: 382–386, 1991.
  • Mckeigue PM, Pierpoint T, Ferrie JE, Marmot MG: Relationship of glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia to body fat patterns in south Asians and Europeans. Diabetologia 35: 785–791, 1992.
  • Snehlatha C, Ramachandran A, Vijay V, Vishwanathan M: Differences in plasma insulin responses in urban and rural Indians: A study in south Indians. Diab Med 11: 445–448, 1994.
  • Singh RB, Ghosh S, Niaz MA, Gupta S, Bishnoi I, Sharma JP: Epidemiologic study of diet and coronary risk factors in relation to central obesity and insulin levels in rural and urban populations of north India. Int J Cardiol 47: 245–255, 1995.
  • Singh RB, Niaz MA, Rastogi V, Ghosh S, Beegom R, Rastogi SS, Postiglione A: Prevalence of coronary artery disease and coronary risk factors in the elderly rural and urban populations of north India. The Indian lifestyle and heart study in elderly. Cardiol Elder 4: 111–117, 1996.
  • Kushner RF, Schoeller DA: Estimation of total body water by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 44: 417–424, 1996.
  • Tuckner LA, Kano MJ: Dietary fat and body fat: A multivariate study of 205 adult females. Am J Clin Nutr 56: 616–622, 1992.
  • Singh RB, Beegom R, Ghosh S, Niaz MA, Rastogi V, Rastogi SS, Singh NK: Epidemiological study of hypertension and its determinants in an urban population of north India. J Human Hyper 11: 679–685, 1997.
  • Rose G, Blackburn H, Gillum RF, Prineas RJ: “Cardiovascular Survey Methods.” Geneva: World Health Organization, 1982.
  • Indian Consensus Group. Indian consensus for prevention of hypertension and coronary artery disease: A joint scientific statement of Indian Society of Hypertension and International College of Nutrition. J Nutr Environ Med 6: 309–318, 1996.
  • The Fifth Report of the WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liaison Committee: 1993, Guideline for the management of mild hypertension: Memorandum from a World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension meeting. Hypertension, 22: 392–403, 1993.
  • Singh RB, Ghosh S, Niaz MA, Rastogi V: Validation of physical activity and socioeconomic status questionnaire in relation to food intakes for the Five City Study and proposed classifications for Indians. J Asso Phys India 45: 603–607, 1997.
  • Gupta R, Prakash H, Majumdar S, Sharma S, Gupta VP: Prevalence of coronary heart disease and coronary risk factors in an urban population of Rajasthan. Ind Heart J 47: 331–338, 1995.
  • Leelahagul P, Soipet S, Achariyont P, Pakpeankitvalana R, Tanphaichitra V: Influence of body composition on risk factors for coronary heart disease in Thai women. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 4: 79–80, 1995.
  • Kissebah AH, Vydelingum N, Murray R: Relation of body fat distribution to metabolic complications of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 54: 254–260, 1962.
  • Despres JP, Moorjani S, Lupien PJ, Tremblay A, Nadeau A, Bouchard C: Regional distribution of body fat, plasma lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease. Arteriosclerosis 10: 497–502, 1990.
  • Lee IM, Manson JE, Hennekens CH, Paffenbarger RS Jr. Body weight and mortality: A 27 year followup in the middle aged men. JAMA 270: 2823–2828, 1993.
  • Krentz AJ: Insulin resistance. Br Med J 313: 1385–1389, 1996.
  • Lean MEJ, Han TS, Seidell JC: Impairment of health and quality of life in people with large waist circumference. Lancet 351: 853–856, 1998.
  • Singh RB, Ghosh S, Niaz MA, Rastogi V and Wander GS: Validation of tobacco and alcohol intake for the Five City Study and a proposed classification for Indians. J Asso Phys India 46: 587–592, 1998.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.