REFERENCES
- Masson PL, Heremans JF: Lactoferrin in milk from different species. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 39: 119, 1971.
- Hennart PF, Brasseur DJ, Delogne-Desnoeck JB, Dramaix MM, Robyn CE: Lysozyme, lactoferrin, and secretory immunoglobulin A content in breast milk: influence of duration of lactation, nutrition status, prolactin status, and parity of mother [published erratum appears in Am J Clin Nutr 1991 Apr 53:988]. Am J Clin Nutr 53: 32, 1991.
- Pentecost BT, Teng CT: Lactotransferrin is the major estrogen inducible protein of mouse uterine secretions. J Biol Chem 262: 10134, 1987.
- Yu LC, Chen YH: The developmental profile of lactoferrin in mouse epididymis. Biochem J 296: 107, 1993.
- Masson PL, Heremans JF, Schonne E: Lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein in neutrophilic leukocytes. J Exp Med 130: 643, 1969.
- Metz-Boutigue MH, Jolles J, Mazurier J, Schoentgen F, Legrand D, Spik G, Montreuil J, Jolles P: Human lactotransferrin: amino acid sequence and structural comparisons with other transferrins. Eur J Biochem 145: 659, 1984.
- Anderson BF, Baker HM, Norris GE, Rice DW, Baker EN: Structure of human lactoferrin: crystallographic structure analysis and refinement at 2.8 A resolution. J Mol Biol 209: 711, 1989.
- Anderson BF, Baker HM, Norris GE, Rumball SV, Baker EN: Apolactoferrin structure demonstrates ligand-induced conformational change in transferrins [see comments]. Nature 344: 784, 1990.
- Spik G, Coddeville B, Montreuil J: Comparative study of the primary structures of sero-, lacto- and ovotransferrin glycans from different species. Biochimie 70: 1459, 1988.
- Aisen P, Listowsky I: Iron transport and storage proteins. Annu Rev Biochem 49: 357, 1980.
- MacGillivray RT, Mendez E, Shewale JG, Sinha SK, Lineback-Zins J, Brew K: The primary structure of human serum transferrin. The structures of seven cyanogen bromide fragments and the assembly of the complete structure. J Biol Chem 258: 3543, 1983.
- Yang F, Lum JB, McGill JR, Moore CM, Naylor SL, van Bragt PH, Baldwin WD, Bowman BH: Human transferrin: cDNA characterization and chromosomal localization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81: 2752, 1984.
- Jeltsch JM, Chambon P: The complete nucleotide sequence of the chicken ovotransferrin mRNA. Eur J Biochem 122: 291, 1982.
- Rose TM, Plowman GD, Teplow DB, Dreyer WJ, Hellstrom KE, Brown JP: Primary structure of the human melanoma-associated antigen p97 (melanotransferrin) deduced from the mRNA sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 1261, 1986.
- Wuebbens MW, Roush ED, Decastro CM, Fierke CA: Cloning, sequencing, and recombinant expression of the porcine inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase: a novel member of the transferrin family. Biochemistry 36: 4327, 1997.
- Craven CM, Alexander J, Eldridge M, Kushner JP, Bernstein S, Kaplan J: Tissue distribution and clearance kinetics of non-transferrin-bound iron in the hypotransferrinemic mouse: a rodent model for hemochromatosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 3457, 1987.
- Aisen P, Leibman A: Lactoferrin and transferrin: a comparative study. Biochim Biophys Acta 257: 314, 1972.
- Mazurier J, Spik G: Comparative study of the iron-binding properties of human transferrins. I. Complete and sequential iron saturation and desaturation of the lactotransferrin. Biochim Biophys Acta 629: 399, 1980.
- Sanchez L, Calvo M, Brock JH: Biological role of lactoferrin. Arch Dis Child 67: 657, 1992.
- Iyer S, Lonnerdal B: Lactoferrin, lactoferrin receptors and iron metabolism. Eur J Clin Nutr 47: 232, 1993.
- Fransson GB, Lonnerdal B: Iron in human milk. J Pediatr 96: 380, 1980.
- Davidson LA, Lonnerdal B: Fe-saturation and proteolysis of human lactoferrin: effect on brush-border receptor-mediated uptake of Fe and Mn. Am J Physiol 257: G930, 1989.
- Nichols BL, McKee KS, Henry JF, Putman M: Human lactoferrin stimulates thymidine incorporation into DNA of rat crypt cells. Pediatr Res 21: 563, 1987.
- Nemet K, Simonovits I: The biological role of lactoferrin. Haematologia 18: 3, 1985.
- Weinberg ED: Iron and infection. Microbiol Rev 42: 45, 1978.
- Bullen JJ, Rogers HJ, Leigh L: Iron-binding proteins in milk and resistance to Escherichia coli infection in infants. Br Med J 1: 69, 1972.
- Zucali JR, Broxmeyer HE, Levy D, Morse C: Lactoferrin decreases monocyte-induced fibroblast production of myeloid colony-stimulating activity by suppressing monocyte release of interleukin-1. Blood 74: 1531, 1989.
- Crouch SP, Slater KJ, Fletcher J: Regulation of cytokine release from mononuclear cells by the iron-binding protein lactoferrin. Blood 80: 235, 1992.
- Machnicki M, Zimecki M, Zagulski T: Lactoferrin regulates the release of tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 in vivo. Int J Exp Pathol 74: 433, 1993.
- Thompson AB, Bohling T, Payvandi F, Rennard SI: Lower respiratory tract lactoferrin and lysozyme arise primarily in the airways and are elevated in association with chronic bronchitis. J Lab Clin Med 115: 148, 1990.
- van de Graaf EA, Out TA, Kobesen A, Jansen HM: Lactoferrin and secretory IgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with a stable asthma. Lung 169: 275, 1991.
- Uchida K, Matsuse R, Tomita S, Sugi K, Saitoh O, Ohshiba S: Immunochemical detection of human lactoferrin in feces as a new marker for inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders and colon cancer. Clin Biochem 27: 259, 1994.
- Dwarakanath AD, Finnie IA, Beesley CM, O’Dowd GM, Nash J, Tsai HH, Parker N, Rhodes JM: Differential excretion of leucocyte granule components in inflammatory bowel disease: implications for pathogenesis. Clin Sci (Colch) 92: 307, 1997.
- Sugi K, Saitoh O, Hirata I, Katsu K: Fecal lactoferrin as a marker for disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease: comparison with other neutrophil-derived proteins. Am J Gastroenterol 91: 927, 1996.
- Zweiman B, Kucich U, Shalit M, Von Allmen C, Moskovitz A, Weinbaum G, Atkins PC: Release of lactoferrin and elastase in human allergic skin reactions. J Immunol 144: 3953, 1990.
- Beckman WC, Newbold RR, Teng CT, McLachlan JA: Molecular feminization of mouse seminal vesicle by prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol: altered expression of messenger RNA. J Urol 151: 1370, 1994.
- Arnold RR, Cole MF, McGhee JR: A bactericidal effect for human lactoferrin. Science 197: 263, 1977.
- Oram JD, Reiter B: Inhibition of bacteria by lactoferrin and other iron-chelating agents. Biochim Biophys Acta 170: 351, 1968.
- Arnold RR, Brewer M, Gauthier JJ: Bactericidal activity of human lactoferrin: sensitivity of a variety of microorganisms. Infect Immun 28: 893, 1980.
- Trumpler U, Straub PW, Rosenmund A: Antibacterial prophylaxis with lactoferrin in neutropenic patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 8: 310, 1989.
- Zagulski T, Lipinski P, Zagulska A, Broniek S, Jarzabek Z: Lactoferrin can protect mice against a lethal dose of Escherichia coli in experimental infection in vivo. Br J Exp Pathol 70: 697, 1989.
- Bullen JJ, Rogers HJ, Griffiths E: Role of iron in bacterial infection. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 80: 1, 1978.
- Reiter B: Review of nonspecific antimicrobial factors in colostrum. Ann Rech Vet 9: 205, 1978.
- Reiter B, Brock JH, Steel ED: Inhibition of Escherichia coli by bovine colostrum and post-colostral milk. II. The bacteriostatic effect of lactoferrin on a serum susceptible and serum resistant strain of E. coli. Immunology 28: 83, 1975.
- Griffiths E, Humphreys J: Bacteriostatic effect of human milk and bovine colostrum on Escherichia coli: importance of bicarbonate. Infect Immun 15: 396, 1977.
- Arnold RR, Russell JE, Champion WJ, Gauthier JJ: Bactericidal activity of human lactoferrin: influence of physical conditions and metabolic state of the target microorganism. Infect Immun 32: 655, 1981.
- Ellison RTD, Giehl TJ, LaForce FM: Damage of the outer membrane of enteric gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin. Infect Immun 56: 2774, 1988.
- Bellamy W, Takase M, Yamauchi K, Wakabayashi H, Kawase K, Tomita M: Identification of the bactericidal domain of lactoferrin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1121: 130, 1992.
- Yamauchi K, Tomita M, Giehl TJ, Ellison RTD: Antibacterial activity of lactoferrin and a pepsin-derived lactoferrin peptide fragment. Infect Immun 61: 719, 1993.
- Sawatzki G, Rich IN: Lactoferrin stimulates colony stimulating factor production in vitro and in vivo. Blood Cells 15: 371, 1989.
- Zucali JR, Broxmeyer HE, Ulatowski JA: Specificity of lactoferrin as an inhibitor of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating activity production from fetal mouse liver cells. Blood 54: 951, 1979.
- Broxmeyer HE, Williams DE, Hangoc G, Cooper S, Gentile P, Shen RN, Ralph P, Gillis S, Bicknell DC: The opposing actions in vivo on murine myelopoiesis of purified preparations of lactoferrin and the colony stimulating factors. Blood Cells 13: 31, 1987.
- Hangoc G, Falkenburg JH, Broxmeyer HE: Influence of T-lymphocytes and lactoferrin on the survival-promoting effects of IL-1 and IL-6 on human bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid progenitor cells. Exp Hematol 19: 697, 1991.
- Gutteberg TJ, Rokke O, Andersen O, Jorgensen T: Early fall of circulating iron and rapid rise of lactoferrin in septicemia and endotoxemia: an early defence mechanism. Scand J Infect Dis 21: 709, 1989.
- Ward PP, Piddington CS, Cunningham GA, Zhou X, Wyatt RD, Conneely OM: A system for production of commercial quantities of human lactoferrin: a broad spectrum natural antibiotic. Biotechnology (NY) 13: 498, 1995.
- Appelmelk BJ, An YQ, Geerts M, Thijs BG, de Boer HA, MacLaren DM, de Graaff J, Nuijens JH: Lactoferrin is a lipid A-binding protein. Infect Immun 62: 2628, 1994.
- Birgens HS, Karle H, Hansen NE, Ostergaard Kristensen L: Lactoferrin receptors in normal and leukemic human blood cells. Scand J Haematol 33: 275, 1984.
- Birgens HS, Hansen NE, Karle H, Kristensen LO: Receptor binding of lactoferrin by human monocytes. Br J Haematol 54: 383, 1983.
- Van Snick JL, Masson PL: The binding of human lactoferrin to mouse peritoneal cells. J Exp Med 144: 1568, 1976.
- Mazurier J, Legrand D, Hu WL, Montreuil J, Spik G: Expression of human lactotransferrin receptors in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Isolation of the receptors by antiligand-affinity chromatography. Eur J Biochem 179: 481, 1989.
- Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Uribe-Luna S, Headon DR, Ward PP, Conneely OM, Kimber I: Regulation of epidermal Langerhans cell migration by lactoferrin. Immunology 100: 21, 2000.
- Kimber I, Cumberbatch M: Dendritic cells and cutaneous immune responses to chemical allergens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 117: 137, 1992.
- Kinnaird A, Peters SW, Foster JR, Kimber I: Dendritic cell accumulation in draining lymph nodes during the induction phase of contact allergy in mice. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 89: 202, 1989.
- Kimber I, Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Ward P, Headon DR, Conneely OM: Regulation by lactoferrin of epidermal Langerhans cell migration. Adv Exp Med Biol 443: 251, 1998.
- Cumberbatch M, Kimber I: Dermal tumour necrosis factor-alpha induces dendritic cell migration to draining lymph nodes, and possibly provides one stimulus for Langerhans’ cell migration. Immunology 75: 257, 1992.
- Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Kimber I: Interleukin 1 beta and the stimulation of Langerhans cell migration: comparisons with tumour necrosis factor alpha. Arch Dermatol Res 289: 277, 1997.
- Kimber I, Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Ward PP, Headon DR, Conneely OM: Regulation by lactoferrin of epidermal Langerhans cell migration. Adv Exp Med Biol 443, 1998.
- Ward PP, Chu H, Zhou X, Conneely OM: Expression and characterization of recombinant murine lactoferrin. Gene 204: 171, 1997.
- Ward PP, Piddington CS, Cunningham GA, Zhou X, Wyatt RD, Conneely OM: A system for production of commercial quantities of human lactoferrin: a broad spectrum natural antibiotic. Biotechnology 13: 498, 1995.
- Ward PP, Cunningham GA, Conneely OM: Commercial production of lactoferrin, a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 14: 303, 1997.
- Kingston RL, Baker HM, Loomes KM, Blackberg L, Hernell O, Baker EN: Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of native and recombinant human bile-salt dependent lipase: strategies for improvement of diffraction quality. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 56: 478, 2000.
- Headon DR: Human Lactoferrin: Production at large scale, characterization and applications. Lactoferrin Structure, Function and Applications, Wiley Publ, 2000, p 415.
- Griffiths CEM, Cumberbatch M, Tucker SC, Dearman RJ, Andres S, Headon DR, Kimber I: Exogenous topical lactoferrin inhibits allergen-induced langerhans cell migration and cutaneous inflammation in humans. Br J Dermatol, in press, 2001.
- Fuss IJ, Strober W: Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease: insights into the immunopathogenesis of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 14: 476, 1998.
- Fuss IJ, Neurath M, Boirivant M, Klein JS, de la Motte C, Strong SA, Fiocchi C, Strober W: Disparate CD4+ lamina propria (LP) lymphokine secretion profiles in inflammatory bowel disease. Crohn’s disease LP cells manifest increased secretion of IFN-gamma, whereas ulcerative colitis LP cells manifest increased secretion of IL-5. J Immunol 157: 1261, 1996.
- Neurath MF, Fuss I, Kelsall BL, Stuber E, Strober W: Antibodies to interleukin 12 abrogate established experimental colitis in mice. J Exp Med 182: 1281, 1995.
- Elson CO, Beagley KW, Sharmanov AT, Fujihashi K, Kiyono H, Tennyson GS, Cong Y, Black CA, Ridwan BW, McGhee JR: Hapten-induced model of murine inflammatory bowel disease: mucosa immune responses and protection by tolerance. J Immunol 157: 2174, 1996.
- Ward PP, Mendoza-Meneses M, Mulac-Jericevic B, Cunningham GA, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Teng T, Conneely OM: Restricted spatiotemporal expression of lactoferrin during murine embryonic development. Endocrinology 140: 1852, 1999.
- Ward PP, Mendoza MM, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Teng CT, Conneely OM: Restricted spatiotemporal expression of lactoferrin during murine embryogenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 443: 91, 1998.
- Dial EJ, Romero JJ, Headon DR, Lichtenberger LM: Recombinant human lactoferrin is effective in the treatment of Helicobacter felis-infected mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 52: 1541, 2000.
- Kruzel ML, Harari Y, Chen CY, Castro GA: Lactoferrin protects gut mucosal integrity during endotoxemia induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Inflammation 24: 33, 2000.
- Kruzel ML, Harari Y, Chen CY, Castro GA: The gut. A key metabolic organ protected by lactoferrin during experimental systemic inflammation in mice. Adv Exp Med Biol 443: 167, 1998.
- Opekun AR, El-Zaimaity HM, Osato MS, Gilger MA, Malaty HM, Terry M, Headon DR, Graham DY: Novel therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 13: 35, 1999.