Macronutrients Association with Change in Waist and Hip Circumference Over 9 Years

REFERENCES

• Gomez-Ambrosi J, Silva C, Galofre JC, Escalaa J, Santos S, Gil MJ, Valenti V, Rotellar F, Ramierez B, Salvador J: Gruhbeck: Body adiposity and type 2 diabetes: increased risk with a high body fat percentage even having a normal BMI. Obesity 19:1439–1444, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: FastStats heart disease. 2012. Accessed at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/heart-disease.htm
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Diabetes data & trends. 2012. Accessed at: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/prev/national/figageadult.htm
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Diabetes public health resources. 2012. Accessed at: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/reportcard/diabetes-overview.htm
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: FastStats cerebrovascular disease or stroke. 2012. Accessed at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/stroke.htm
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: FastStats kidney disease. 2012. Accessed at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/kidney-disease.htm
   Google Scholar
• Ervin RB, and the Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults 20 years of age and over, by sex, age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index: United States, 2003–2006. Natl Health Stat Rep 13:1–8, 2009.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cornier MA, Dabelea D, Hernandez TL, Lindstrom RC, Steig AJ, Stob NR, Van Pelt RE, Wang H, Eckel RH: The metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev 29:777–822, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czernichow S, Kenge AP, Stamatakis E, Hamer M, Batty GD: Body mass index, waist circumference and waist–hip ratio: which is the better discriminator of cardiovascular disease mortality risk? Evidence from an individual-participant meta-analysis of 82,864 participants from nine cohort studies. Obes Rev 12:680–687, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shea JL, King MTC, Yi Y, Gulliver W, Sun G: Body fat percentage is associated with cardio metabolic dysregulation in BMI-defined normal weight subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 22:741–747, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein S, Allison DB, Heymsfield SB, Kelley DE, Leibel RL, Nonas C, Kahn R: Waist circumference and cardio metabolic risk: a consensus statement from shaping America's health: Association for weight management and obesity prevention; NAASO, the Obesity Society; The American Society for Nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association. Obesity 15:1061–1067, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Rim E, Stampfer M, Willet W, Hu F: Comparison of abdominal adiposity and overall obesity in predicting risk of type 2 diabetes among men. Am J Clin Nutr 81:555–563, 2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen W, Punyanitya M, Chen J, Gallagher P, Abu J, Pi-Sunyer X, Lewis CE, Grunfeld C, Heshka S, Heymsfield SB: Waist circumference correlates with metabolic syndrome indicators better than percentage fat. Obesity 14:727–736, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romaguera D, Angquist L, Du H, Jakobsen MU, Forouhi NG, Halkjaer J, Feskens EJM, van der A DL, Masala G, Steffen A, Palli D, Wareham NJ, Overvad K, Tjonneland A, Boeing H, Riboli E, Sorensen TIA: Dietary determinants of changes in waist circumference adjusted for body mass index—a proxy measure of visceral adiposity. PLoS ONE 5:e.11588, 2010. Accessed at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011588
   Google Scholar
• Flint AJ, Rexrode KM, Hu FB, Glynn RJ, Caspard H, Manson JE, Willett WC, Rimm EB: Body mass index, waist circumference, and risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective study among men and women. Obes Res Clinl Pract 4:e171–e181, 2010. Accessed at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871403X10000025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron AJ, Magliano DM, Soderberg J: A systematic review of the impact of including both waist and hip circumference in risk models of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and mortality. Obes Rev 14:86–99, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lissner L, Bjorkelund C, Heitmann BL, Seidell JC, Bengtsson C: Larger hip circumference independently predicts health and longevity in a Swedish female cohort. Obes Res 9:644–646, 2001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koh-Banerjee P, Chu NF, Spiegelman D, Rosner R, Colditz G, Willet W, Rimm E: Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking with 9-y gain in waist circumference among 16,587 U.S. men. Am J Clin Nutr 78:719–727, 2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halkjaer J, Tjonneland A, Overvad K, Sorensen TIA: Dietary predictors of 5-year changes in waist circumference. J Am Diet Assoc 109:1356–1366, 2009.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baer DJ, Stote KS, Paul DR, Harris K, Rumpler WV, Clevidence BA: Whey protein but not soy protein supplementation alters body weight and composition in free-living overweight and obese adults. J Nutr 141(9):1489-1494, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claessens M, vanBaak MA, Monsheimer S, Saris WHM: The effect of a low-fat, high-protein or high-carbohydrate ad libitum diet on weight loss maintenance and metabolic risk factors. Int J Obes 33:296–304, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jialal I, Devaraj S, Kaur H, Adams-Huet B, Bremer AA: Increased chemerin and decreased omentin-1 in both adipose tissue and plasma in nascent metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:E514-E517, 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halkjaer J, Tjonneland A, Thomsen BL, Overvad K, Sorensen TI: Intake of macronutrients as predictors of 5-y changes in waist circumference. Am J Clin Nutr 84:789–797, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandhagen M, Forslund HB, Lissner L, Winkvist A, Lindrous HK, Carlsson LM, Sjostrom L, Larsson I: Alcohol and macronutrient intake patterns are related to general and central adiposity. Eur J Clin Nutr 66:305–313, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins DJA, Mirrahimi A, Nguyen TH, Abdulnour S, Srichaikul K, Shamrakov L, Dewan A, Sievenpiper JL, Kendall CWC: Macronutrients, weight control, and cardiovascular health: a systematic review. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 4:89–100, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. ARIC Dietary Intake Form, 1989. Accessed at: http://www2.cscc.unc.edu/aric/sites/default/files/public/forms/DTIA.pdf. Accessed 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study ARIC databook—nutrition derived variables in ANUT2. 2013. Accessed at: http://www2.cscc.unc.edu/aric/sites/default/files/public/datasets/ANUT2.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Klemsdal TO, Holme I, Nerland H, Peersen TR, Tonstad S: Effects of a low glycemic load diet versus a low-fat diet in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 20:195–201, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar