Let’s Talk About Firearms: Perspectives of Older Veterans and VA Clinicians on Universal and Dementia-Specific Firearm Safety Discussions

References

• American Medical Association. (2022). AMA to Establish Task Force Focused on Firearm Violence Prevention. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://www.ama-assn.org/press-center/press-releases/ama-establish-task-force-focused-firearm-violence-prevention.
   Google Scholar
• Anestis, M. D., Bond, A. E., Bryan, A. O., & Bryan, C. J. (2021). An examination of preferred messengers on firearm safety for suicide prevention. Preventive Medicine, 145, 106452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anestis, M. D., Bond, A. E., Capron, D. W., Bryan, A. B. O., & Bryan, C. J. (2023). Differences in firearm storage practices among United States military servicemembers who have and have not disclosed suicidal thoughts or attended behavioral health sessions. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 53(2), 262–269. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12940
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anglemyer, A., Horvath, T., & Rutherford, G. (2014). The accessibility of firearms and risk for suicide and homicide victimization among household members: A systematic review and meta-analysis Annals of Internal Medicine, 160, 101–110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azrael, D., Hepburn, L., Hemenway, D., & Miller, M. (2017). The stock and flow of U.S. Firearms: Results from the 2015 national firearms survey. RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 3(5), 38–57. https://doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2017.3.5.02
   Google Scholar
• Betz, M. E., McCourt, A. D., Vernick, J. S., Ranney, M. L., Maust, D. T., & Wintemute, G. J. Firearms and dementia: Clinical considerations. (2018). Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(1), 47–49. American College of Physicians. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betz, M. E., Polzer, E. R., Knoepke, C. E., Prater, L. C., Simonetti, J. A., Lee, T. M., Meador, L. E., Nearing, K. A., & Bowers, B. (2022). Cars, guns, aging, and “giving up the keys”. The Gerontologist, 63(4), 717–730. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnac142
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butterworth, S. E., Daruwala, S. E., & Anestis, M. D. (2020). The role of reason for firearm ownership in beliefs about firearms and suicide, openness to means safety, and current firearm storage. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 50(3), 617–630. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS). https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Clark, K. D., Newell, S., Kenyon, E. A., Karras, E., Simonetti, J. A., Gerrity, M., & Dobscha, S. K. (2021). Firearms storage safety discussions in VA primary care: Staff perspectives. General Hospital Psychiatry, 72, 96–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GENHOSPPSYCH.2021.07.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleveland, E. C., Azrael, D., Simonetti, J. A., & Miller, M. (2017). Firearm ownership among American veterans: Findings from the 2015 national firearm survey. Injury Epidemiology, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-017-0130-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Conner, A., Azrael, D., & Miller, M. (2019). Suicide case-fatality rates in the United States, 2007 to 2014: A nationwide population-based study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 171(12), 885–895. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-1324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conner, A., Netter, F. H., Azrael, D., & Miller, M. (2021). Firearm safety discussions between clinicians and U.S. adults living in households with firearms: Results from a 2019 national survey. Annals of Internal Medicine, 174(5), 725–728. American College of Physicians. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-6314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crifasi, C. K., Doucette, M. L., McGinty, E. E., Webster, D. W., & Barry, C. L. (2018). Storage practices of US gun owners in 2016. American Journal of Public Health, 108(4), 532–537. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denneson, L. M., Kovas, A. E., Britton, P. C., Kaplan, M. S., McFarland, B. H., & Dobscha, S. K. (2016). Suicide risk documented during veterans’ last Veterans Affairs Health Care contacts prior to suicide. Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior, 46(3), 363–374. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense. (2019). VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guidelines 2019: Assessment and Management of Patients at Risk of Suicide. https://www.healthquality.va.gov/guidelines/MH/srb/VADoDSuicideRiskFullCPGFinal5088212019.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention. (2022). 2022 National Veteran Suicide Prevention Annual Report. https://www.mentalhealth.va.gov/docs/data-sheets/2022/2022-National-Veteran-Suicide-Prevention-Annual-Report-FINAL-508.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dobscha, S. K., Clark, K. D., Karras, E., Simonetti, J. A., Newell, S., Kenyon, E. A., Elliott, V., Boster, J., & Gerrity, M. (2022). Development and preliminary evaluation of an education program for primary care teams on discussing firearms storage safety with veterans. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 9. https://doi.org/10.1177/23821205221077647
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Ibrahimi, S., Xiao, Y., Bergeron, C. D., Beckford, N. Y., Virgen, E. M., & Smith, M. L. (2021). Suicide distribution and trends among male older adults in the U.S., 1999–2018. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 60(6), 802–811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.12.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, A. B. (2013). Qualitative methods in rapid turn-around health services research. VHA HSR&D National Cyberseminar Series: Spotlight on Women’s Health. https://www.hsrd.research.va.gov/for_researchers/cyber_seminars/archives/video_archive.cfm?SessionID=780
   Google Scholar
• Luoma, J. B., Catherine, M. A., Martin, E., Jane, M. A., & Pearson, L. (2002). Reviews and overviews - contact with mental health and primary care providers before suicide: A review of the evidence. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(6), 909–916. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.6.909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, J. F., Blow, F. C., Ignacio, R. V., Ilgen, M. A., Austin, K. L., & Valenstein, M. (2012). Suicide among patients in the Veterans Affairs Health System: Rural–urban differences in rates, risks, and methods. American Journal of Public Health, 102(SUPPL. S1), S111–S117. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300463
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller, M., Azrael, D., Hemenway, D., & Vriniotis, M. (2005). Firearm storage practices and rates of unintentional firearm deaths in the United States. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 37(4), 661–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.02.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohatt, N. V., Kreisel, C. J., Hoffberg, A. S., Mph, L. W., & Beehler, S. J. A systematic review of factors impacting suicide risk among rural adults in the United States. (2021). The Journal of Rural Health, 37(3), 565–575. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newell, S., Kenyon, E., Clark, K. D., Elliott, V., Rynerson, A., Gerrity, M. S., Karras, E., Simonetti, J. A., & Dobscha, S. K. (2021). Veterans are agreeable to discussions about firearms safety in primary care. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 34(2), 338–345. https://doi.org/10.3122/JABFM.2021.02.200261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel, D., Syed, Q., Messinger-Rapport, B. J., & Rader, E. (2015). Firearms in frail hands: An ADL or a public health crisis! American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias, 30(4), 337–340. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317514545867
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. (2017). America‘s Complex Relationship with Guns. https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2017/06/Guns-Report-FOR-WEBSITE-PDF-6-21.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Philipps, D. (2020, October 15). Focusing on firearms proves contentious in struggle to reduce veterans’ suicides. New York Times.
   Google Scholar
• Prater, L. C., Haviland, M. J., Rivara, F. P., Bellenger, M. A., Gibb, L., & Rowhani-Rahbar, A. Extreme risk protection orders and persons with dementia in the state of Washington. (2021). Journal of General Internal Medicine, 36(12), 3885–3887. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06273-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roszko, P. J. D., Ameli, J., Carter, P. M., Cunningham, R. M., & Ranney, M. L. Clinician attitudes, screening practices, and interventions to reduce firearm-related injury. (2016). Epidemiologic Reviews, 38(1), 87–110. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxv005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sale, E., Hendricks, M., Weil, V., Miller, C., Perkins, S., & McCudden, S. (2018). Counseling on access to lethal means (CALM): An evaluation of a suicide prevention means restriction training program for mental health providers. Community Mental Health Journal, 54(3), 293–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-017-0190-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schleimer, J. P., McCort, C. D., Shev, A. B., Pear, V. A., Tomsich, E., De Biasi, A., Buggs, S., Laqueur, H. S., & Wintemute, G. J. (2021). Firearm purchasing and firearm violence during the coronavirus pandemic in the United States: A cross-sectional study. Injury Epidemiology, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-021-00339-5
   Google Scholar
• Schleimer, J. P., Wintemute, G. J., & Kravitz-Wirtz, N. (2021). Firearm ownership and perceived risk of personal firearm injury. Injury Prevention, 27(3), 277–279. https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043869
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonetti, J. A., Azrael, D., Zhang, W., & Miller, M. (2022). Perspectives on clinician-delivered firearm safety counseling during routine care: Results of a national survey. Preventive Medicine, 158 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonetti, J. A., Wortzel, H. S., & Matarazzo, B. B. (2021). Therapeutic risk management and firearm-related lethal means safety. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 27(6), 456–465. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRA.0000000000000586
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus. (2023). Firearm Life Plan. https://firearmlifeplan.org/
   Google Scholar
• VHA National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. (2022). Screening for Cognitive Impairment. http://vaww.prevention.va.gov/Screening_for_Cognitive_Impairment.asp
   Google Scholar
• Walters, H., Kulkarni, M., Forman, J., Roeder, K., Travis, J., & Valenstein, M. (2012). Feasibility and acceptability of interventions to delay gun access in VA mental health settings. General Hospital Psychiatry, 34(6), 692–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.07.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar