References
- Abers, R. (1998). From clientelism to cooperation: Local government, participatory policy, and civic organizing in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Politics & Society, 26(4), 511–537. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329298026004004
- Abers, R., & Keck, M. E. (2006). Muddy waters: The political construction of deliberative river basin governance in Brazil. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 30(3), 601–622. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2006.00691.x
- Albert, V., & Davidenko, M. (2018). Justification work: The homeless workers’ movement and the pragmatic sociology of dissent in Brazil’s crisis. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 5(1–2), 194–217. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2018.1452622
- Alves, J. A., & Hunter, W. (2017). From right to left in Brazil’s Northeast: Transformation, or “politics as usual”? Comparative Politics, 49(4), 437–455. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5129/001041517821273062
- Amenta, E. (1998). Bold relief: Institutional politics and the origins of modern American social policy. Princeton University Press.
- Arias, J. (2018, May 6). Sem-teto, os novos párias de nossa civilização [Homeless, the new outcasts of our civilization]. El País. https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2018/05/06/opinion/1525642677_035006.html
- Avritzer, L. (2007). Urban reform, participation and the right to the city in Brazil. Institute of Development Studies.
- Avritzer, L. (2009). Participatory institutions in democratic Brazil. Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Baiocchi, G. (2003). Emergent public sphere: Talking politics in participatory governance. American Sociological Review, 68(1), 52–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3088902
- Baiocchi, G., Heller, P., & Silva, M. K. (2011). Bootstrapping democracy: Transforming local governance and civil society in Brazil. Stanford University Press.
- Balzarini, J. E., & Shlay, A. B. (2015). Gentrification and the right to the city: Community conflict and casinos. Journal of Urban Affairs, 38(4), 503–517. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12226
- Becerril, H. (2017). Evictions and housing policy evolution in Rio de Janeiro: An ANT perspective. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(7), 939–952. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1328975
- Cowie, S. (2017, November 1). Brazil: Unemployment, rent drive housing occupations. Aljazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/11/brazil-unemployment-rent-drive-housing-occupations-171101122417430.html
- Dagnino, E. (2003). Citizenship in Latin America: An introduction. Latin American Perspectives, 30(2), 211–225. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X02250624
- Dagnino, E. (2005). Meaning of citizenship in Latin America (IDS Working Paper 258).
- Dagnino, E. (2007). Dimensions of citizenship in contemporary Brazil. Fordham Law Review, 75(5), 2469–2482.
- De Queiroz Ribeiro, L. C., & Dos Santos Junior, O. A. (2017). Neoliberalization and mega-events: The transition of Rio de Janeiro’s hybrid urban order. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(7), 909–923. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1328976
- De Sousa Santos, B. (1998). Participatory budgeting in Porto Alegre: Toward a redistributive democracy. Politics & Society, 26(4), 461–510. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329298026004003
- Di Feliciantonio, C. (2017). Spaces of the expelled as spaces of the urban commons? Analysing the re-emergence of squatting initiatives in Rome. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 41(5), 708–725. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12513
- Donaghy, M. M. (2013). Civil society and participatory governance: Municipal councils and social housing programs in Brazil. Routledge.
- Donaghy, M. M. (2017). Community resistance and the inclusive city: Devising strategies in São Paulo. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(7), 986–1000. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1343635
- Donaghy, M. M. (2018). Democratizing urban development: Community organizations for housing across the United States and Brazil. Temple University Press.
- Dosh, P. (2009). Tactical innovation, democratic governance, and mixed motives: Popular movement resilience in Peru and Ecuador. Latin American Politics and Society, 51(1), 87–118. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2009.00041.x
- Earle, L. (2012). From insurgent to transgressive citizenship: Housing, social movements and the politics of rights in São Paulo. Journal of Latin American Studies, 44(1), 97–126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X11001118
- Earle, L. (2017). Transgressive citizenship and the struggle for social justice: The right to the city in São Paulo. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Faiola, A., & Lopes, M. (2018, October 28). Bolsonaro wins Brazilian presidency. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/brazilians-go-the-polls-with-far-right-jair-bolsonaro-as-front-runner/2018/10/28/880dd53c-d6dd-11e8-8384-bcc5492fef49_story.html
- Fernandes, E. (2007). Constructing the “right to the city” in Brazil. Social and Legal Studies, 16(2), 201–219. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663907076529
- Fernandes, E. (2011). Implementing the urban reform agenda in Brazil: Possibilities, challenges, and lessons. Urban Forum, 22(3), 229–314. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12132-011-9124-y
- Freitas, C. F. S. (2017). Undoing the right to the city: World Cup investments and informal settlements in Fortaleza, Brazil. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(7), 953–969. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1328974
- Friend, A. (1980). The post war squatters. In N. Wates & C. Wolmar (Eds.), Squatting: The real story (pp. 110–122). Bay Leaf Books.
- Friendly, A. (2013). The right to the city: Theory and practice in Brazil. Planning Theory & Practice, 14(2), 158–179. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2013.783098
- Garcia, R. T. (2019, June 11). Brazil’s democracy suffers another blow with ‘operation car wash’ leaks. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/06/12/brazils-democracy-suffers-another-blow-with-operation-car-wash-leaks/
- García-Lamarca, M. (2017). From occupying plazas to recuperating housing: Insurgent practices in Spain. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 41(1), 37–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12386
- Globo. (2012, December 11). Haddad anuncia engenheiro da Poli como novo secretário de Habitação [Haddad announces Poli engineer as new housing secretary]. Globo. http://g1.globo.com/sao-paulo/noticia/2012/12/haddad-anuncia-engenheiro-da-poli-como-novo-secretario-de-habitacao.html
- Globo. (2019, September 4). Veja quais são os 71 objectivos do novo Plano de Metas anunciado por Bruno Covas para SP [See what are the 71 objectives of the new Goal Plan announced by Bruno Covas for SP]. Globo. https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/noticia/2019/04/09/veja-quais-sao-os-71-objetivos-do-novo-plano-de-metas-anunciado-por-bruno-covas-para-sp.ghtml
- Heller, P., & Evans, P. (2010). Taking Tilly south: Durable inequality, democratic contestation, and citizenship in the southern metropolis. Theory and Society, 39(3–4), 433–450. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-010-9115-3
- Hochstetler, K., & Keck, M. E. (2007). Greening Brazil: Environmental activism in state and society. Duke University Press.
- Holston, J. (1991). The misrule of law: Land and usurpation in Brazil. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 33(4), 695–725. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417500017291
- Holston, J. (2008). Insurgent citizenship: Disjunctions of democracy and modernity in Brazil. Princeton University Press.
- Hunter, W., & Sugiyama, N. B. (2014). Transforming subjects into citizens: Insights from Brazil’s Bolsa Família. Perspectives on Politics, 12(4), 829–845. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592714002151
- IBGE. (2017, December 14). 2015 GDP of municipalities: Participation of capital cities in the GDP records decrease. https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/en/agencia-press-room/2185-news-agency/releases-en/18796-2015-gdp-of-municipalities-participation-of-capital-cities-in-the-gdp-records-decrease
- Ivester, S. (2017). Removal, resistance and the right to the Olympic city: The case of Vila Autodromo in Rio de Janeiro. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(7), 970–985. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1355665
- Johnson, R., & Jelmayer, R. (2015, September 23). Mayor Fernando Haddad’s pro-bike push polarizes São Paulo. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/mayor-fernando-haddads-pro-bike-push-polarizes-sao-paulo-1443031374
- Johnstone, C. (2000). Housing and class struggles in post-war Glasgow. In M. Lavalette & G. Mooney (Eds.), Class struggle and social welfare (pp. 139–155). Routledge.
- Klink, J., & Denaldi, R. (2016). On urban reform, rights and planning challenges in the Brazilian metropolis. Planning Theory, 15(4), 402–417. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095215592441
- Kohara, L. T. (2013). Relatório Científico Final do Projeto: As Contribuições dos Movimentos de Moradia do Centro Para as Políticas Habitacionais E Para O Desenvolvimento Urbano do Centro da Cidade de São Paulo [Final scientific report of the project: Contributions of housing movements to housing policies and urban development at the city center of São Paulo] [ Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Department of Architecture and Urbanism, University of São Paulo.
- Koopmans, R. (1995). Democracy from below: New social movements and the political system in Western Germany. Westview Press.
- Kriesi, H., Koopmans, R., Duyvendak, J. W., & Giugni, M. G. (1992). New social movements and political opportunities in Western Europe. European Journal of Political Research, 22(2), 219–244. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.1992.tb00312.x
- Langlois, J. (2018, June 4). They squatted in a government building in Brazil for years. Then they lost everything. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/world/brazil/la-fg-brazil-housing-crisis-20180604-story.html
- Lavalle, A. G., Acharya, A., & Houtzager, P. P. (2005). Beyond comparative anecdotalism: Lessons on civil society and participation from São Paulo, Brazil. World Development, 33(6), 951–964. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.09.022
- Lefebvre, H. (1967). La droit à la ville [The right to the city]. Anthropos.
- Levy, C. (2012). Social movements and political parties in Brazil: Expanding democracy, the “struggle for the possible” and the reproduction of power structures. Globalizations, 9(6), 783–798. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2012.739340
- Levy, C., Latendresse, A., & Carle-Marsan, C. (2017). Gendering the urban social movement and public housing policy in São Paulo. Latin American Perspectives, 44(3), 9–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X16668317
- Lima, Z. R., & Pallamin, V. M. (2012). Informal practices in the formal city: Housing, disagreement and recognition in downtown São Paulo. In F. Hernández, P. Kellett, & L. K. Allen (Eds.), Rethinking the informal city: Critical perspectives from Latin America (pp. 39–52). Berghahn Books.
- Lowe, S. (1986). Urban social movements: The city after Castells. St. Martin’s Press.
- Luna, F. V., & Klein, H. S. (2006). Brazil since 1980. Cambridge University Press.
- Marx, M. (1989). Nosso chão: Do sagrado ao profane [Our ground: From the sacred to the profane]. EdUSP.
- Ministério das Cidades. (2015). Parcelamento, edificação ou utilização compulsórios (peuc) e iptu progressive no tempo [Compulsory installment, building or use (peuc) and progressive iptu over time]. http://www.caubr.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/CAPACIDADES2.pdf
- Nunes, R. M. (2010). Politics without insurance: Democratic competition and judicial reform in Brazil. Comparative Politics, 42(3), 313–331. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5129/001041510X12911363509756
- O’Brien, K. J., & Li, L. (2006). Rightful resistance in rural China. Cambridge University Press.
- Ondetti, G. A. (2008). Land, protest, and politics: The landless movement and the struggle for agrarian reform in Brazil. Pennsylvania State University Press.
- Pahnke, A. (2015). Institutionalizing economies of opposition: Explaining and evaluating the success of the MST’s cooperatives and agroecological repeasantization. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 42(6), 1087–1107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2014.991720
- Pahnke, A., Tarlau, R., & Wolford, W. (2015). Understanding rural resistance: Contemporary mobilization in the Brazilian countryside. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 42(6), 1069–1085. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2015.1046447
- Perlman, J. E. (1976). The myth of marginality: Urban poverty and politics in Rio de Janeiro. University of California Press.
- Perlman, J. E. (2010). Favela: Four decades of living on the edge in Rio de Janeiro. Oxford University Press.
- Phillips, D. (2017, September 30). Driven by poverty, squatters occupied a derelict São Paulo hotel. Now they face eviction. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/30/driven-by-poverty-squatters-occupied-a-derelict-sao-paulo-hotel-now-they-face-eviction
- Phillips, T. (2018, October 30). Jair Bolsonaro denies he is a fascist and paints himself as a Brazilian Churchill. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/30/jair-bolsonaro-denies-he-is-a-fascist-brazilian-churchill
- Piccini, A. (1999). Cortiços na cidade: Conceito e preconceito na reestruturação do centro urbano de São Paulo [Substandard tenements in the city: Concept and prejudice in the restructuring of the urban center of São Paulo]. Annablume.
- Pruijt, H. (2013). The logic of urban squatting. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37(1), 19–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2012.01116.x
- Purcell, M. (2013). Possible worlds: Henri Lefebvre and the right to the city. Journal of Urban Affairs, 36(1), 141–154. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12034
- Robinson, J., & Roy, A. (2016). Debate on global urbanisms and the nature of urban theory. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 40(1), 181–186. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12272
- Robinson, III, J. N. (2017). Negotiating the (legal) right to the city: Public housing demolition and the federal courts in two postindustrial U.S. cities. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(2), 277–290. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2016.1245077
- Rolnik, R. (2011). Democracy on the edge: Limits and possibilities in the implementation of an urban reform agenda in Brazil. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 35(2), 239–255. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.01036.x
- Rolnik, R. (2013). Late neoliberalism: The financialization of homeownership and housing rights. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37(3), 1058–1066. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12062
- Romero, S. (2015, October 4). Fighting resistance, a mayor strives to ease gridlock in a Brazilian megacity. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/05/world/americas/mayor-fernando-haddad-of-sao-paolo-strives-to-ease-gridlock.html
- Scheingold, S. (2004). The politics of rights: Lawyers, public policy and political change. Yale University Press.
- Tarrow, S. (1996). States and opportunities: The political structuring of social movements. In D. McAdam, J. D. McCarthy, & M. N. Zald (Eds.), Comparative perspectives on social movements: Political opportunities, mobilizing structures, and cultural framings (pp. 41–61). Cambridge University Press.
- Taylor, V. (1989). Social movement continuity: The women’s movement in abeyance. American Sociological Review, 54(5), 761–775. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/2117752
- Tilly, C., & Tarrow, S. (2006). Contentious politics. Oxford University Press.
- UN-Habitat. (2005). Land tenure, housing rights and gender in Brazil.
- United Nations. (2017). New urban agenda.
- Van Ballegooijen, J., & Rocco, R. (2013). The ideologies of informality: Informal urbanisation in the architectural and planning discourses. Third World Quarterly, 34(10), 1794–1810. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2013.851890
- Vicino, T. J., & Fahlberg, A. (2017). The politics of contested urban space: The 2013 protest movement in Brazil. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(7), 1001–1016. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1323545
- Watts, J. (2017, June 1). Operation car wash: Is this the biggest corruption scandal in history? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jun/01/brazil-operation-car-wash-is-this-the-biggest-corruption-scandal-in-history
- Wolford, W. (2010). This land is ours now: Social mobilization and the meaning of land in Brazil. Duke University Press.