490
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The influence of an empathetic adult on the relationship between bullying victimization and fear at school

&
Pages 282-302 | Received 02 Jun 2014, Accepted 04 Aug 2014, Published online: 10 Sep 2014

References

  • Alvarez, A., and R.Bachman. 1997. “Predicting the Fear of Assault at School and While Going to and from School in an Adolescent Population.” Violence and Victims12: 69–86.
  • Astor, R. A., R. H.Benbenishty, M. M.Haj-Yahia, A.Zeira, S.Perkins-Hart, R.Marachi, and R. O.Pitner. 2002. “The Awareness of Risky Peer Group Behaviors on School Grounds as a Predictor of Students' Victimization on School Grounds: Part II: Junior High Schools.” Journal of School Violence1: 57–66.
  • Barker, R. L.2003. The Social Work Dictionary. 5th ed. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
  • Beaty, L. A., and E. B.Alexeyev. 2008. “The Problem of School Bullies: What the Research Tells Us.” Adolescence43: 1–11.
  • Birch, S. H., and G. W.Ladd. 1997. “The Teacher–Child Relationship and Children's Early School Adjustment.” Journal of School Psychology35: 61–79.
  • Brewster, A. B., and G. L.Bowen. 2004. “Teacher Support and the School Engagement of Latino Middle and High School Students at Risk of School Failure.” Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal21: 47–67.
  • Canter, A. S.2005. “Bullying at School.” Principal85: 42–45.
  • Card, N. A., and E. V.Hodges. 2008. “Peer Victimization among Schoolchildren: Correlations, Causes, Consequences, and Considerations in Assessment and Intervention.” School Psychology Quarterly23: 451–461.
  • Chen, J. J.2005. “Relation of Academic Support from Parents, Teachers and Peers to Hong Kong Adolescents' Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Academic Engagement.” Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs131: 77–127.
  • Cohen, L. E., and M.Felson. 1979. “Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach.” American Sociological Review44: 588–608.
  • Cohen, L. E., J. R.Kluegel, and K. C.Land. 1981. “Social Inequality and Predatory Criminal Victimization: An Exposition and Test of a Formal Theory.” American Sociological Review46: 505–524.
  • Colarossi, L. G., and J. S.Eccles. 2003. “Differential Effects of Support Providers on Adolescents' Mental Health.” Social Work Research27: 19–30.
  • Cothran, D. J., P. H.Kulinna, and D. A.Garragy. 2003. “‘This is a Kind of Giving a Secret Away…’: Students' Perspectives on Effective Class Management.” Teaching and Teacher Education19: 435–444.
  • Cullen, F. T.1994. “Social Support as an Organizing Concept for Criminology: Presidential Address to the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences.” Justice Quarterly11: 527–559.
  • Cullen, F. T., J. P.Wright, and M. B.Chamlin. 1999. “Social Support and Social Reform: A Progressive Crime Control Agenda.” Crime and Delinquency45: 188–207.
  • Davis, H.2003. “Conceptualizing the Role and Influence of Student–Teacher Relationships on Children's Social and Cognitive Development.” Educational Psychologist38: 207–234.
  • Demaray, M. K., and C. K.Malecki. 2003. “Perceptions of the Frequency and Importance of Social Support by Students Classified as Victims, Bullies, and Bully/Victims in an Urban Middle School.” School Psychology Review32: 471–489.
  • DeVoe, J. F.2007. “The Protective Behaviors of Student Victims: Responses to Direct and Indirect Bullying.” Dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, MD.
  • Dowling, M. J., and T. A.Carey. 2013. “Victims of Bullying: Whom They Seek Help from and Why: An Australian Sample.” Psychology in the Schools50: 798–809.
  • Fekkes, M., F. I. M.Pijpers, and S. P.Verloove-Vanhorick. 2005. “Bullying: Who Does What, When, and Where? Involvement of Children, Teachers, and Parents, in Bullying Behaviour.” Health Education Research20: 81–91.
  • Flaspohler, P. D., J. L.Elfstrom, K. L.Vanderzee, H. E.Sink, and Z.Birchmeier. 2009. “Stand by Me: The Effects of Peer and Teacher Support in Mitigating the Impact of Bullying on Quality of Life.” Psychology in the Schools46: 636–649.
  • Furlong, M. J., and A.Chung. 1995. “Who Are the Victims of School Violence? A Comparison of Student Non-Victims and Multi-Victims.” Education and Treatment of Children18: 282–299.
  • Gerdes, K. E., and E.Segal. 2011. “Importance of Empathy for Social Work Practice: Integrating New Science.” Social Work56: 141–148.
  • Hamre, B. K., and R. C.Pianta. 2001. “Early Teacher–Child Relationships and the Trajectory of Children's School Outcomes through Eighth Grade.” Child Development72: 625–638.
  • Hazier, R. J., J. H.Hoover, and R.Oliver. 1992. “What Kids Say about Bullying.” The Executive Educator. November20–22.
  • Hunter, S. C., J. M. E.Boyle, and D.Warden. 2004. “Help Seeking Amongst Children and Adolescent Victims of Peer-Aggression and Bullying: The Influence of School-Stage, Gender, Victimization, Appraisal, and Emotion.” British Journal of Educational Psychology74: 375–390.
  • Hutzell, K. L., and A. A.Payne. 2012. “The Impact of Bullying Victimization on School Avoidance.” Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice10: 370–385.
  • LaGrange, R. L., K. F.Ferraro, and M.Supancic. 1992. “Perceived Risk and Fear of Crime: Role of Social and Physical Incivilities.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency29: 311–334.
  • Lin, N.1986. “Conceptualizing Social Support.” In Social Support, Life Events, and Depression, edited by N.Lin, A.Dean, and W.Ensel, 17–30. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
  • Malecki, C. K., and M. K.Demaray. 2003. “What Type of Support Do They Need? Investigating Student Adjustment, as Related to Emotional, Informational, Appraisal, and Instrumental Support.” School Psychology Quarterly18: 231–252.
  • May, D. C.2001. “The Effect of Fear of Sexual Victimization on Adolescent Fear of Crime.” Sociological Spectrum21: 141–174.
  • May, D. C., and R. G.Dunaway. 2000. “Predictors of Fear of Criminal Victimization at School among Adolescents.” Sociological Spectrum20: 149–168.
  • Melde, C., and F. A.Esbensen. 2009. “The Victim-Offender Overlap and Fear of In-School Victimization.” Crime and Delinquency55: 499–525.
  • Mihalas, S., W.Morse, D.Allsopp, and P.McHatton. 2009. “Cultivating Caring Relationships between Teachers and Secondary Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: Implications for Research and Practice.” Remedial and Special Education30: 108–125.
  • Mooney, S., and P. K.Smith. 1995. “Bullying and the Child Who Stammers.” British Journal of Special Education22: 24–27.
  • Muller, C.2001. “The Role of Caring in the Teacher–Student Relationship for At-Risk Students.” Sociology Inquiry71: 241–255.
  • Nansel, T. R., M.Overpeck, R. S.Pilla, W. J.Ruan, B.Simons-Morton, and P.Scheidt. 2001. “Bullying Behaviors among U.S Youth: Prevalence and Association with Psychological Adjustment.” Journal of the American Medical Association285: 2094–2100.
  • Nation, M., A.Vieno, D. D.Perkins, and M.Santinello. 2008. “Bullying in School and Adolescent Sense of Empowerment: An Analysis of Relationships with Parents, Friends, and Teachers.” Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology18: 211–232.
  • Naylor, P., and H.Cowie. 1999. “The Effectiveness of Peer Support Systems in Challenging School Bullying: The Perspectives and Experiences of Teachers and Pupils.” Journal of Adolescence22: 467–479.
  • Naylor, P., H.Cowie, and R.del Rey. 2001. “Coping Strategies of Secondary School Children in Response to Being Bullied.” Child Psychology and Psychiatry Review6: 114–120.
  • Newman, R. S., B.Murry, and C.Lussier. 2001. “Confrontation with Aggressive Peers at School: Students Reluctance to Seek Help from the Teacher.” Journal of Educational Psychology93: 398–410.
  • Nolin, M. J., E.Davies, and K.Chandler. 1996. “Student Victimization at School.” Journal of School Health66: 216–221.
  • Olweus, D. O.1993. Bullying at School. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Parault, S. J., H. A.Davis, and A. D.Pellegrini. 2007. “The Social Contexts of Bullying and Victimization.” The Journal of Early Adolescence27: 145–174.
  • Patchin, J. W., and S.Hinduja. 2006. “Bullies Move Beyond the Schoolyard: A Preliminary Look at Cyberbullying.” Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice4: 148–169.
  • Popp, A. M.2012. “The Effects of Exposure, Proximity, and Capable Guardians on the Risk of Bullying Victimization.” Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice10 (4): 315–332.
  • Rader, N. E.2004. “The Threat of Victimization: A Theoretical Reconceptualization of Fear of Crime.” Sociological Spectrum24 (6): 689–704.
  • Randa, R., and P.Wilcox. 2010. “School Disorder, Victimization, and General v. Place-Specific Student Avoidance.” Journal of Criminal Justice38: 854–861.
  • Randa, R., and P.Wilcox. 2012. “Avoidance at School: Further Specifying the Influence of Disorder, Victimization, and Fear.” Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice10: 190–204.
  • Rigby, K., and A.Barnes. 2002. “To Tell or Not to Tell: The Victimized Student's Dilemma.” Youth Studies, Australia21: 33–36.
  • Rivers, I., and P. K.Smith. 1994. “Types of Bullying Behaviour and Their Correlates.” Aggressive Behavior20: 359–368.
  • Robers, S., J.Kemp, J.Truman, and T. D.Snyder. 2013. Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2012. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
  • Robers, S., J.Zhang, J.Truman, and T. D.Snyder. 2010. Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2010. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
  • Salmon, G., and A.West. 2000. “Physical and Mental Health Issues Related to Bullying in Schools.” Current Opinion in Psychiatry13: 375–380.
  • Schreck, C. J., and J. M.Miller. 2003. “Sources of Fear of Crime at School: What is the Relative Contribution of Disorder, Individual Characteristics, and School Security?” Journal of School Violence2: 57–79.
  • Schreck, C. J., J. M.Miller, and C. L.Gibson. 2003. “Trouble in the School Yard: A Study of the Risk Factors of Victimization at School.” Crime and Delinquency49: 460–484.
  • Seals, D.2003. “Bullying and Victimization: Prevalence and Relationship to Gender, Grade Level, Ethnicity, Self-Esteem, and Depression.” Adolescence38: 735–747.
  • Skogan, W. G.2011. “Community-Based Partnerships and Crime Prevention.” Criminology and Public Policy10: 987–990.
  • Smith, P. K., and S.Shu. 2000. “What Good Schools Can Do about Bullying: Findings from a Survey in English Schools after a Decade of Research in Action.” Childhood7: 193–212.
  • Snyder, T. D., and S. A.Dillow. 2011. Digest of Education Statistics 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.
  • Stephenson, P., and D.Smith. 1989. “Bullying in the Junior High.” In Bullying in Schools, edited by D.Tattum and D.Lane, 45–48. Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books.
  • Swartz, K., B. W.Reyns, B.Henson, and P.Wilcox. 2011. “Fear of In-School Victimization: Contextual, Gendered, and Developmental Considerations.” Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice9: 59–78.
  • Tillyer, M. S., B. S.Fisher, and P.Wilcox. 2011. “The Effects of School Crime Prevention on Students' Violent Victimization, Risk Perception and Fear of Crime: A Multilevel Opportunity Perspective.” Justice Quarterly28: 249–277.
  • Vedder, P., M.Boekaerts, and G.Seegers. 2005. “Perceived Social Support and Wellbeing in School: The Role of Student Ethnicity.” Journal of Youth and Adolescence34: 269–278.
  • Wilcox, P., D.May, and S.Roberts. 2006. “Student Weapon Possession and the ‘Fear and Victimization Hypothesis’: Unraveling the Temporal Order.” Justice Quarterly23: 502–529.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.