148
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLECellular and Molecular Biology

Simultaneous Inhibition of MEK and CDK4 Leads to Potent Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells

, , , &
Pages 350-356 | Published online: 22 Apr 2010

REFERENCES

  • Sekulic, A.; Haluska, P., Jr.; Miller, A.J.; Genebriera De Lamo, J.; Ejadi, S.; Pulido, J.S.; Salomao, D.R.; Thorland, E.C.; Vile, R.G.; Swanson, D.L.; Pockaj, B.A.; Laman, S.D.; Pittelkow, M.R.; Markovic, S.N. Malignant melanoma in the 21st century: the emerging molecular landscape. Mayo Clin Proc 2008, 83(7), 825–846.
  • Davies, H.; Bignell, G.R.; Cox, C.; Stephens, P.; Edkins, S.; Clegg, S.; Teague, J.; Woffendin, H.; Garnett, M.J.; Bottomley, W.; Davis, N.; Dicks, E.; Ewing, R.; Floyd, Y.; Gray, K.; Hall, S.; Hawes, R.; Hughes, J.; Kosmidou, V.; Menzies, A.; Mould, C.; Parker, A.; Stevens, C.; Watt, S.; Hooper, S.; Wilson, R.; Jayatilake, H.; Gusterson, B.A.; Cooper, C.; Shipley, J.; Hargrave, D.; Pritchard-Jones, K.; Maitland, N.; Chenevix-Trench, G.; Riggins, G.J.; Bigner, D.D.; Palmieri, G.; Cossu, A.; Flanagan, A.; Nicholson, A.; Ho, J.W.; Leung, S.Y.; Yuen, S.T.; Weber, B.L.; Seigler, H.F.; Darrow, T.L.; Paterson, H.; Marais, R.; Marshall, C.J.; Wooster, R.; Stratton, M.R.; Futreal, P.A. Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 2002, 417(6892), 949–954.
  • Dong, J.; Phelps, R.G.; Qiao, R.; Yao, S.; Benard, O.; Ronai, Z.; Aaronson, S.A. BRAF oncogenic mutations correlate with progression rather than initiation of human melanoma. Cancer Res 2003, 63(14), 3883–3885.
  • Michaloglou, C.; Vredeveld, L.C.; Mooi, W.J.; Peeper, D.S. BRAF(E600) in benign and malignant human tumours. Oncogene 2008, 27(7), 877–895.
  • Fecher, L.A.; Amaravadi, R.K.; Flaherty, K.T. The MAPK pathway in melanoma. Curr Opin Oncol 2008, 20(2), 183–189.
  • Panka, D.J.; Atkins, M.B.; Mier, J.W. Targeting the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in the treatment of malignant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2006, 12(7 Pt 2), 2371s–2375s.
  • Halaban, R. Rb/E2F: a two-edged sword in the melanocytic system. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2005, 24(2), 339–356.
  • Kim, W.Y.; Sharpless, N.E. The regulation of INK4/ARF in cancer and aging. Cell 2006, 127(2), 265–275.
  • Bennett, D.C. How to make a melanoma: what do we know of the primary clonal events? Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2008, 21, 27–38.
  • Curtin, J.A.; Fridlyand, J.; Kageshita, T.; Patel, H.N.; Busam, K.J.; Kutzner, H.; Cho, K.H.; Aiba, S.; Brocker, E.B.; LeBoit, P.E.; Pinkel, D.; Bastian, B.C. Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma. N Engl J Med 2005, 353(20), 2135–2147.
  • Smalley, K.S.; Lioni, M.; Dalla Palma, M.; Xiao, M.; Desai, B.; Egyhazi, S.; Hansson, J.; Wu, H.; King, A.J.; Van Belle, P.; Elder, D.E.; Flaherty, K.T.; Herlyn, M.; Nathanson, K.L. Increased cyclin D1 expression can mediate BRAF inhibitor resistance in BRAF V600E-mutated melanomas. Mol Cancer Ther 2008, 7(9), 2876–2883.
  • Wolfel, T.; Hauer, M.; Schneider, J.; Serrano, M.; Wolfel, C.; Klehmann-Hieb, E.; De, P.E.; Hankeln, T.; Meyer, z.B.K.H.; Beach, D. A p16INK4a-insensitive CDK4 mutant targeted by cytolytic T lymphocytes in a human melanoma. Science 1995, 269, 1281–1284.
  • Zuo, L.; Weger, J.; Yang, Q.; Goldstein, A.M.; Tucker, M.A.; Walker, G.J.; Hayward, N.; Dracopoli, N.C. Germline mutations in the p16INK4a binding domain of CDK4 in familial melanoma. Nat Genet 1996, 12, 97–99.
  • Chang, F.; Steelman, L.S.; Shelton, J.G.; Lee, J.T.; Navolanic, P.M.; Blalock, W.L.; Franklin, R.; McCubrey, J.A. Regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis by the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway (Review). Int J Oncol 2003, 22, 469–480.
  • Lowe, S.W.; Sherr, C.J. Tumor suppression by Ink4a-Arf: progress and puzzles. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2003, 13, 77–83.
  • Halaban, R. Melanoma cell autonomous growth: the Rb/E2F pathway. Cancer Metastasis Rev 1999, 18(3), 333–343.
  • Zhao, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, Z.; Li, A.; Dong, J. Simultaneous knockdown of BRAF and expression of INK4A in melanoma cells leads to potent growth inhibition and apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008, 370(3), 509–513.
  • O'Neill, E.E.; Matallanas, D.; Kolch, W. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinases in tumor suppression: an emerging pathway. Cancer Res 2005, 65(13), 5485–5487.
  • Delmas, V.; Beermann, F.; Martinozzi, S.; Carreira, S.; Ackermann, J.; Kumasaka, M.; Denat, L.; Goodall, J.; Luciani, F.; Viros, A.; Demirkan, N.; Bastian, B.C.; Goding, C.R.; Larue, L. Beta-catenin induces immortalization of melanocytes by suppressing p16INK4a expression and cooperates with N-Ras in melanoma development. Genes Dev 2007, 21(22), 2923–2935.
  • Schmitt, C.A.; Fridman, J.S.; Yang, M.; Lee, S.; Baranov, E.; Hoffman, R.M.; Lowe, S.W. A senescence program controlled by p53 and p16INK4a contributes to the outcome of cancer therapy. Cell 2002, 109, 335–346.
  • Rotolo, S.; Diotti, R.; Gordon, R.E.; Qiao, R.F.; Yao, Z.; Phelps, R.G.; Dong, J. Effects on proliferation and melanogenesis by inhibition of mutant BRAF and expression of wild-type INK4A in melanoma cells. Int J Cancer 2005, 115(1), 164–169.
  • Waters, S.B.; Holt, K.H.; Ross, S.E.; Syu, L.J.; Guan, K.L.; Saltiel, A.R.; Koretzky, G.A.; Pessin, J.E. Desensitization of Ras activation by a feedback disassociation of the SOS-Grb2 complex. J Biol Chem 1995, 270(36), 20883–20886.
  • Zhu, G.; Conner, S.E.; Zhou, X.; Shih, C.; Li, T.; Anderson, B.D.; Brooks, H.B.; Campbell, R.M.; Considine, E.; Dempsey, J.A.; Faul, M.M.; Ogg, C.; Patel, B.; Schultz, R.M.; Spencer, C.D.; Teicher, B.; Watkins, S.A. Synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and biological studies of indolocarbazoles as potent cyclin D1-CDK4 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2003, 46(11), 2027–2030.
  • Krasilnikov, M.; Ivanov, V.N.; Dong, J.; Ronai, Z. ERK and PI3K negatively regulate STAT-transcriptional activities in human melanoma cells: implications towards sensitization to apoptosis. Oncogene 2003, 22(26), 4092–4101.
  • Schmidt, M.; Fernandez de Mattos, S.; van der Horst, A.; Klompmaker, R.; Kops, G.J.; Lam, E.W.; Burgering, B.M.; Medema, R.H. Cell cycle inhibition by FoxO forkhead transcription factors involves downregulation of cyclin D. Mol Cell Biol 2002, 22(22), 7842–7852.
  • Piras, F.; Murtas, D.; Minerba, L.; Ugalde, J.; Floris, C.; Maxia, C.; Colombari, R.; Perra, M.T.; Sirigu, P. Nuclear survivin is associated with disease recurrence and poor survival in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. Histopathology 2007, 50(7), 835–842.
  • Zhuang, L.; Lee, C.S.; Scolyer, R.A.; McCarthy, S.W.; Zhang, X.D.; Thompson, J.F.; Hersey, P. Mcl-1, Bcl-XL and Stat3 expression are associated with progression of melanoma whereas Bcl-2, AP-2 and MITF levels decrease during progression of melanoma. Mod Pathol 2007, 20(4), 416–426.
  • Adams, J.M.; Cory, S. The Bcl-2 apoptotic switch in cancer development and therapy. Oncogene 2007, 26(9), 1324–1337.
  • Petitjean, A.; Mathe, E.; Kato, S.; Ishioka, C.; Tavtigian, S.V.; Hainaut, P.; Olivier, M. Impact of mutant p53 functional properties on TP53 mutation patterns and tumor phenotype: lessons from recent developments in the IARC TP53 database. Hum Mutat 2007, 28(6), 622–629.
  • Yu, B.D.; Becker-Hapak, M.; Snyder, E.L.; Vooijs, M.; Denicourt, C.; Dowdy, S.F. Distinct and nonoverlapping roles for pRB and cyclin D: cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 activity in melanocyte survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100(25), 14881–14886.
  • Wang, X.; Gorospe, M.; Huang, Y.; Holbrook, N.J. p27Kip1 overexpression causes apoptotic death of mammalian cells. Oncogene 1997, 15(24), 2991–2997.
  • Burdette-Radoux, S.; Tozer, R.G.; Lohmann, R.C.; Quirt, I.; Ernst, D.S.; Walsh, W.; Wainman, N.; Colevas, A.D.; Eisenhauer, E.A. Phase II trial of flavopiridol, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, in untreated metastatic malignant melanoma. Invest New Drugs 2004, 22(3), 315–322.
  • Panka, D.J.; Wang, W.; Atkins, M.B.; Mier, J.W. The Raf inhibitor BAY 43-9006 (Sorafenib) induces caspase-independent apoptosis in melanoma cells. Cancer Res 2006, 66(3), 1611–1619.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.