Publication Cover
Drying Technology
An International Journal
Volume 24, 2006 - Issue 7
872
Views
62
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Emerging Biodrying Technology for the Drying of Pulp and Paper Mixed Sludges

, &
Pages 863-878 | Published online: 06 Feb 2007

REFERENCES

  • Elliott , A. ; Mahood , T. Survey benchmarks generation: Management of solid residues . Pulp and Paper 2005 , 79 ( 12 ), 49 – 55 . [CSA]
  • Hynninen , P. ; Laine , P. Environmental Control, Papermaking Science and Technology , Vol. 19 ; Fapet Oy : Jyväskylä , Finland , 1998 ; 234 .
  • Chen , G. ; Yue , P.L. ; Mujumdar , A.S. Sludge dewatering and drying . Drying Technology 2002 , 20 ( 4–5 ), 883 – 916 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Hippinen , I. ; Ahtila , P. Drying of activated sludge under partial vacuum conditions—An experimental study . Drying Technology 2004 , 22 ( 9 ), 2119 – 2134 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Kudra , T. ; Gawrzynski , Z. ; Glaser , R. ; Stanislawski , J. ; Poirier , M. Drying of pulp and paper sludge in a pulsed fluid bed dryer . Drying Technology 2002 , 20 ( 4–5 ), 917 – 933 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Kraft , D.L. ; Orender , H.C. Considerations for using sludge as a fuel . Tappi Journal 1993 , 76 ( 3 ), 175 – 183 . [CSA]
  • Tsang , K.R. ; Vesilind , P.A. Moisture distribution in sludges . Water Science and Technology 1990 , 22 ( 12 ), 135 – 142 . [CSA]
  • Vanhatalo , A. ; Ahtila , P. Drying of Forest Industry Sludge for Energy Production with Partial Vacuum Technology ; Proceedings of the 2001 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry ; American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy : Washington, D.C. ; 2001 ; 435 – 443 .
  • Tarnawski , W. Emission factors for combustion of biomass fuels in the pulp and paper mills . Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe 2004 , 12 , 3 ( 47 ), 91 – 95 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
  • Bradley , A.J. ; Patrick , W.K. Sludge dewatering and incineration at Westvaco . North Charleston, S.C. Tappi Journal 1991 , 74 ( 5 ), 131 – 137 . [CSA]
  • CANMET Energy Technology Centre . Pulp and Paper Sludge to Energy—Preliminary Assessment of Technologies ; ADI Limited Report , Varennes , QC , Canada , 2005 .
  • Hippinen , I. ; Ahtila , P. Activated sludge drying in the pulp and paper industry by means of secondary energies . 1st International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies ; Porto , Portugal , Paper EES4 , 2002 .
  • Liang , T. ; Khan , M.A. ; Meng , Q. Spatial and temporal effects in drying biomass for energy . Biomass and Bioenergy 1996 , 10 ( 5–6 ), 353 – 360 . [CSA]
  • Banerjee , S. ; Mahmood , T. ; Phelan , P.M. ; Fouke , R.W. Impulse drying sludge . Water Research 1998 , 32 ( 1 ), 258 – 260 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Beckley , J. ; Banerjee , S. Operational issues with impulse drying sludge . Water Science & Technology 1999 , 40 ( 11–12 ), 163 – 168 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Vaxelaire , J. ; Bongiovanni , J.M. ; Mousques , P. ; Puiggali , J.R. Thermal drying of residual sludge . Water Research 2000 , 34 ( 17 ), 4318 – 4323 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Léonard , A. ; Blacher , S. ; Marchot , P. ; Pirard , J.P. ; Crine , M. Convective drying of wastewater sludges: Influence of air temperature, superficial velocity, and humidity on the kinetics . Drying Technology 2005 , 23 ( 8 ), 1667 – 1679 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Frei , K.M. Novel Drying Process Using Forced Aeration Through a Porous Biomass Matrix ; MSc. Thesis. Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal : Montreal , Canada , 2004 .
  • Adani , F. ; Baido , D. ; Calcaterra , E. ; Genevini , P. The influence of biomass temperature on biostabilization–biodrying of municipal solid waste . Bioresource Technology 2002 , 83 ( 3 ), 173 – 179 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Roy , G. Modélisation technique et économique d'un réacteur de bioséchage discontinue; MSc. Thesis. Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal , Canada , 2005 (in French) .
  • Madigam , M.T. ; Martinko , J.M. ; Parker , J. Brock Biology of Microorganisms , English Ed.; Prentice Hall : Upper Saddle River , NJ , 1997 .
  • Prescott , L.M. ; Harley , J.P. ; Klein , D.A. Microbiology, , 2nd Ed; W.C. Communications Inc. : Dubuque , IA , 1993 .
  • Nakasaki , K. ; Aoki , N. ; Kubota , H. Accelerated composting of grass clippings by controlling moisture level . Waste Management & Research 1994 , 12 ( 1 ), 13 – 20 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Liang , C. ; Das , K.C. ; McClendon , R.W. The influence of temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend . Bioresource Technology 2003 , 86 ( 2 ), 131 – 137 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Klaus , H. Control and Measurement Method for the Biological Drying of Sewage Sludge . European Patent, EP0508383 , 1992 .
  • Klaus , H. Process for the Biological Drying of Sewage Sludge . European Patent, EP0508382 , 1992 .
  • Nellist , M.E. ; Lamond , W.J. ; Pringle , R.T. ; Burfort , D. Storage and Drying of Comminuted Forest Residues , Vol. I ; AFRC Silsoe Research Institute : Bedford , UK , 1993 ; 1 – 82 .
  • Nellist , M.E. Storage and drying of arable coppice . Aspects of Applied Biology—Biomass and Energy Crops 1997 , 49 , 349 – 359 . [CSA]
  • Choi , H.L. ; Richard , T.L. ; Ahn , H.K. Composting high moisture materials: Biodrying poultry manure in a sequentially fed reactor . Compost Science & Utilization 2001 , 9 ( 4 ), 303 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
  • Hansjoerg , H. ; Hans-Joachim , B. ; Gurudas , S. ; Kurt , S. ; Barbara , R. ; Juergen , R. Process and Apparatus for Biological Drying of Residual Waste, Sewage Sludge and/or Biomass . European Patent EP1408021 , 2004 .
  • Sugni , M. ; Calcaterra , E. ; Adani , F. Biostabilization—Biodrying of municipal solid waste by inverting air-flow . Bioresource Technology 2005 , 96 ( 12 ), 1331 – 1337 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Lhadi , E.K. ; Tazi , H. ; Aylaj , M. ; Genevini , P.L. ; Adani , F. Organic matter evolution during co-composting of the organic fraction of municipal waste and poultry manure . Bioresource Technology 2005 , Article in press. [CSA]
  • Laflamme-Mayer , M. ; Bellec , S. ; Gaudreault , C. ; Thibodeau , J.-B. ; Stuart , P.R. Techno-economic evaluation of some emerging sludge management options for mills with activated sludge treatment . Pulp & Paper Canada 2004 , 105 ( 6 ), 33 – 37 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
  • Frei , K.M. ; cameron , D. ; Stuart , P.R. Novel drying process using forced aeration through a porous biomass matrix . Drying Technology 2004 , 22 , 1191 – 1215 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Mote , C.R. ; Griffis , C.L. Heat production by composting organic matter . Agricultural Wastes 1982 , 4 , 65 – 73 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Harper , E. ; Miller , F.C. ; Macauley , B.J. Physical management and interpretation of an environmentally controlled composting ecosystem . Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 1992 , 32 ( 5 ), 657 – 667 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Haug , R.T. The Practical Handbook of Compost Engineering ; Lewis Publishers : Boca Raton , FL , 1993 .
  • Frei , K.M. ; Cameron , D. ; Jasmin , S. ; Stuart , P.R. Novel sludge drying process for cost-effective on-site sludge management . Pulp and Paper Canada 2006 , 107 ( 4 ). [CSA]
  • Roy , G. ; Jasmin , S. ; Stuart , P.R. Economical modeling of a batch biodrying reactor for treating pulp and paper mill sludge . Tappi Journal 2006 , submitted. [CSA]
  • VCU Technology LTD, Vertical Composting Units, VCU , Auckland , New Zealand . http://www.vcutechnology.com (accessed November 2005).
  • Stanish , M.A. ; Schajer , G.S. ; Kayihan , F.A. Mathematical model of drying for hygroscopic porous media . AIChE Journal 1986 , 32 ( 8 ), 1301 – 1311 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Diaz , L.F. ; Savage , G.M. ; Eggerth , L.L. ; Golueke , C.G. Composting and Recycling ; Lewis Publishers : Boca Raton , FL , 1993 .
  • Barrington , S. ; Choinière , D. ; Trigui , M. ; Knight , W. Compost convective airflow under passive aeration . Bioresource Technology 2003 , 86 ( 3 ), 259 – 266 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Mason , I.G. ; Milke , M.W. Physical modelling of the composting environment: A review . Part 1: Reactor systems. Waste Management 2005 , 25 ( 5 ), 481 – 500 . [CSA]
  • Mason , I.G. Mathematical modelling of the composting process: A review . Waste Management 2006 , 26 , 3 – 21 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Mason , I.G. ; Milke , M.W. Physical modelling of the composting environment: A review . Part 2: Simulation performance. Waste Management 2005 , 25 ( 5 ), 501 – 509 . [CSA]
  • Bach , P.D. ; Nakasaki , K. ; Shoda , M. ; Kubota , H. Thermal balance in composting operations. Journal of Fermentation Technology 1987, 65 (2), 199–209. [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Koenig , A. ; Tao , G.H. Accelerated forced aeration composting of solid waste . In Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Technology ; Greenfield , P.F. ; Liu , C.Y. ; Tay , J.H. ; Lu , G.Q. ; Lua , A.C. ; Toh , K.C. , Eds.; World Scientific : Singapore , 1996 ; 450 – 457 .
  • Bari , Q.H. ; Koenig , A. ; Guihe , T. Kinetic analysis of forced aeration composting . I. Reaction rates and temperature. Waste Management & Research 2000 , 18 ( 4 ), 303 – 312 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
  • Robinzon , R. ; Kimmel , E. ; Avnimelech , Y. Energy and mass balances of windrow composting system . Transactions of ASAE 2000 , 43 ( 5 ), 1253 – 1259 . [CSA]
  • Batista , J.G.F. ; van Lier , J.J.C. ; Gerrits , J.P.G. ; Straatsma , G. ; Griensven , L.J.L.D. Spreadsheet calculations of physical parameters of phase II composting in a tunnel . Mushroom Science 1995 , 14 , 189 – 194 . [CSA]
  • Straatsma , G. ; Gerrits , J.P.G. ; Thissen , J.T.N.M. ; Amsing , J.G.M. ; Loffen , H. ; van Griensven , L.J.L.D. Adjustment of the composting process for mushroom cultivation based on initial substrate composition . Bioresource Technology 2000 , 72 ( 1 ), 67 – 74 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Higgins , C. ; Walker , L. Validation of a new model for aerobic organic solids decomposition: Simulations with substrate specific kinetics . Process Biochemistry 2001 , 36 ( 8–9 ), 875 – 884 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Finger , S.M. , Hatch , R.T. ; Regan , T.M. Aerobic microbial growth in semi-solid matrices: Heat and mass transfer limitations . Biotechnology and Bioengineering 1976 , 18 , 1193 – 1218 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Smith , R. ; Eilers , R.G. Numerical Simulation of Activated Sludge Composting , EPA-600/2-8C-191 ; USEPA : Cincinnati , OH , 1980 .
  • Scholwin , F. ; Bidlingmaier , W. Fuzzifying the composting process: A new model based control strategy as a device for achieving a high grade and consistent product quality . In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of ORBIT Association on Biological Processing of Organics: Advances for a Sustainable Society ; ORBIT Association : Weimar , Germany , 2003 ; 739 – 751 .
  • Kaiser , J. Modelling composting as a microbial ecosystem: A simulation approach . Ecological Modelling 1996 , 91 ( 1–3 ), 25 – 37 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Stombaugh , D.P. ; Nokes , S.E. Development of a biologically based aerobic composting simulation model . Transactions of ASAE 1996 , 39 ( 1 ), 239 – 250 . [CSA]
  • Seki , H. Stochastic modeling of composting processes with batch operation by the Fokker–Planck equation . Transactions of ASAE 2000 , 43 ( 11 ), 169 – 179 . [CSA]
  • Kishimoto , M. ; Preechaphan , C. ; Yoshida , T. ; Taguchi , H. Simulation of an aerobic composting of activated sludge using a statistical procedure . MIRCEN Journal 1987 , 3 , 113 – 124 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Nakasaki , K. ; Kato , J. ; Akiyama , T. ; Kubota , H. A new composting model and assessment of optimum operation for effective drying of composting material . Journal of Fermentation Technology 1987 , 65 ( 4 ), 441 – 447 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Van Lier , J.J.C. ; van Ginkel , J.T. ; Straatsma , G. ; Gerrits , J.P.G. ; van Griensven , L.J.L.D. Composting of mushroom substrate in a fermentation tunnel—Compost parameters and a mathematical model . Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 1994 , 42 ( 4 ), 271 – 292 . [CSA]
  • VanderGheynst , J. ; Walker , L. ; Parlange , J. Energy transport in a high-solids aerobic degradation process: Mathematical modeling and analysis . Biotechnology Progress 1997 , 13 ( 3 ), 238 – 248 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Roy , G. ; Jasmin , S. ; Stuart , P.R. Technical modeling of a batch biodrying reactor for pulp and paper mill sludge . (accepted for 9th Conference on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction, 27–31 August 2006 (Prague - Czech Republic))
  • Anderson , R.K.I. ; Jayaraman , K. ; Voisard , D. ; Marison , I.W. ; von Stockar , U. Heat flux as an on-line indicator of metabolic activity in pilot scale bioreactor during the production of Bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae–based biopesticides . Thermochimica Acta 2002 , 386 ( 2 ), 127 – 138 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • von Stockar , U. ; Duboc , P. ; Menoud , L. ; Marison , I.W. On-line calorimetry as a technique for process monitoring and control in biotechnology . Thermochimica Acta 1997 , 300 ( 1–2 ), 225 – 236 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
  • Turner , R.H.; ; Kleiser , J.D. ; Ross , P.D. Solar sludge drying . In Solar Engineering 1989—Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual ASME Solar Energy Conference ; ASME : San Diego , CA , 1989 ; 47 – 51 .
  • Crews , R.S. Cyclonic Dryer ; US Patent 5791066 , 1998 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.