An Exploration of Noncredit Community College Enrollment

References

• American Association of Community Colleges. (2011). Voluntary framework of accountability: Metrics manual version 1.0. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/vfa
   Google Scholar
• American Association of Community Colleges. (2013). 2013 community college fact sheet. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/AboutCC/Pages/fastfactsfactsheet.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Bailey, T. R., Leinbach, D. T., Scott, M., Alfonso, M., Kienzl, G. S., Kennedy, B., & Marcotte, D. (2003). The characteristics of occupational sub-baccalaureate students entering the new millennium. New York, NY: Columbia University, Teachers College, Community College Research Center.
   Google Scholar
• Barron, J. M., Black, D. A., & Loewenstein, M. A. (1993). Gender differences in training, capital, and wages. The Journal of Human Resources, 28, 343–364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boswell, K. (2000). State funding for community colleges: A 50 state survey. Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States, Center for Community College Policy.
   Google Scholar
• Carnevale, A. P., Jayasundera, T., & Hanson, A. R. (2012). Career and technical education: Five ways that pay along the way to the B.A. Washington, DC: Center on Education and the Workforce, Georgetown University & Civic Enterprises. Retrieved from http://www9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/CTE.FiveWays.FullReport.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, A. M., & Brawer, F. B. (2008). The American community college (5th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Downey, J. A., Pusser, B., & Turner, J. K. (2006). Competing missions: Balancing entrepreneurialism with community responsiveness in community college continuing education divisions. New Directions for Community Colleges, 136, 75–82.
   Google Scholar
• Frentzos, D. (2005). Credit and noncredit community college enrollment and the economy. Community College Enterprise, 11(1), 93–103.
   Google Scholar
• Hancock, B. (2007). Elements that lead to a successful continuing education program at a select Midwestern community college. Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development, 2(3). Retrieved from http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ojwed/vol2/iss3/4/
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, D., & Boswell, K. (2002). State policies on community college workforce development: Findings from a national survey. Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States, Center for Community College Policy.
   Google Scholar
• Lerman, R. I., McKernan, S. M., & Riegg, S. (2004). The scope of employer-provided training in the United States: Who, what, where, and how much? In C. J. O’Leary, R. A. Straits, & S. A. Wandner (Eds.), Job training policy in the United States (pp. 211–244). Kalamazoo, MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Lombardi, J. (1978). An ERIC review: Community education: Threat to collegiality? Community College Review, 6(1), 40–49.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, L. M. (1992). Private-sector training and the earnings of young workers. The American Economic Review, 82, 299–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macomb Community College, LaGuardia Community College, & Community College Research Center. (2009). Counting the hidden assets: First steps in assessing the impact of community college noncredit education programs on the workforce and local economies. Washington, DC: Business Roundtable. Retrieved from http://businessroundtable.org/uploads/studies-reports/downloads/200912_Counting_the_Hidden_AssetsFINAL__1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Marascuilo, L. A., & McSweeney, M. (1977). Nonparametric and distribution-free methods for the social sciences. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Milam, J. (2005). The role of noncredit courses in serving nontraditional learners. New Directions for Higher Education, 129, 55–68.
   Google Scholar
• Oleksiw, C. A., Kremidas, C. C., Johnson-Lewis, M., & Lekes, N. (2007). Community college noncredit occupational programming: A study of state policies and funding. St. Paul, MN: National Research Center for Career and Technical Education.
   Google Scholar
• Sheskin, D. J. (2007). Handbook of parametric and nonparametric statistical procedures (4th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2004). Public community colleges and technical schools: Most schools use both credit and noncredit programs for workforce development (GAO-05-04). Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Van Noy, M., Jacobs, J., Korey, S., Bailey, T., & Hughes, K. L. (2008). Noncredit enrollment in workforce education: State policies and community college practices. Washington, DC: American Association of Community Colleges. Retrieved from http//www.aacc.nche.edu/noncreditenroll
   Google Scholar
• Vaughan, R. J., & Berryman, S. E. (1989). Employer sponsored training: Current status, future possibilities (NCEE Brief No. 4). New York, NY: Institute on Education and the Economy, Teachers College, Columbia University.
   Google Scholar
• Voorhees, R. A., & Milam, J. H. (2005). The hidden college: Noncredit education in the United States. Retrieved from http://www.voorheesgroup.org/voorheesgroup-pubs/Hidden%20College.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Wang, W. (2004). UCLA community college review: Community education in the community college. Community College Review, 32(3), 43–56.
   Google Scholar
• Warford, L. J. (2002). Funding lifelong learning: A national priority. Community College Journal, 72(3), 15–18, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Zylka, S. (1999). Who is our customer in continuing education? Michigan Community College Journal, 5(1), 61–73.
   Google Scholar