Adult Students: A Confusing World in Undergraduate Higher Education

References

• Adelman, C. (2006). The toolbox revisited: Paths to degree completion from high school through college. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.
   Google Scholar
• Altschuler, G., & Blumin, S. (2009). GI Bill: The new deal for veterans. Cary, NC: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• American Association of Community Colleges. (2017). Students at the Community College. Retrieved from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/AboutCC/Trends/Pages/studentsatcommunitycolleges.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Anania, P. (1969). Adult age and the educating of adults in Colonial America (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Berkeley: University of California, Graduate Division.
   Google Scholar
• Apps, J. W. (1988). Higher education in a learning society. Meeting new demands for education and training. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Astin, H. (Ed.) (1976). Some action of her own: The adult woman and higher education. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Bean, J., & Metzner, B. (1985). A conceptual model of nontraditional student attrition. Review of Educational Research, 55, 485–540.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bittner, W. (1934). University extension. In D. Rowden (Ed.), Handbook of Adult Education in the United States 1934. New York: American Association for Adult Education.
   Google Scholar
• Boyer, E. (1974). Breaking up the youth ghetto. In D. Vermilye (Ed.), Lifelong learners: A new clientele for higher education (pp. 4–11). San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2015, March). Number of jobs held, labor market activity, and earnings growth among the youngest Baby Boomers: Results from a longitudinal survey. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/nlsoy.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Burke, C. (1982). American collegiate populations. A test of the traditional view. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• CAEL. (2002). Effectiveness and efficiency in higher educaton for adults: A guide for fostering learning. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.
   Google Scholar
• Carnegie Commission on Higher Education. (1973). Toward a learning society: Alternative channels to life, work and service. New York: McGraw Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Choy, S. (2002). Nontraditional undergraduates, NCES 2002–012. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/2002012.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Clinefelter, D., & Aslanian, C. (2016). 2016 Online college students: Comprehensive data on demands and preferences. Louisville, KY: The Learning House, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Cross, K. P. (1981). Adults as learners: Increasing participation and facilitating learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Cross, K. P., Valley, J. R., & Associates. (1976). Planning non-traditional programs. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• DeCrow, R. (1962). Administrative practices in university evening colleges. Chicago: Center for the Study of Liberal Education for Adults.
   Google Scholar
• Dyer, J. (1956). Ivory towers in the market place. New York: Bobbs-Merrill Co.
   Google Scholar
• Eckelberry, R. H. (1932). The history of the municipal university in the United States. Bulletin, No. 2. Washington, DC: Department of the Interior, Office of Education, U.S. Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• Federal Security Agency Office of Education. (1949). Biennial survey of education in the United States, 1944-1946, Chapter 4, Statistics of higher education, 1945-46. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• Flint, T., Zakos, P., & Frey, R. (2002). Best practices in adult learning: A self-evaluation workbook for colleges and universities. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Fredericksen, N., & Schrader, W. (1951). Adjustment to college. Princeton, N.J.: Educational Testing Service.
   Google Scholar
• Gessner, Q. (Ed.). (1987). Handbook on continuing higher education. New York: American Council on Education & Macmillan Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, J. (1991). Access through innovation: New colleges for new students. New York: Maxwell Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Harrington, F. (1977). The future of adult education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Hesburgh, T., Miller, P., & Wharton, C. (1973). Patterns for lifelong learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Horn, L., & Carroll, D. (1996). Nontraditional undergraduates: Trends in enrollment from 1986 to 1992 and persistence and attainment among 1989–90 beginning postsecondary students (NCES 97–578). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs/97578.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Houle, C. (1974). The External Degree. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, W., & Broad, M. C. (2017). Here comes the golden age of higher education. Trusteeship, 25(2), 26–30.
   Google Scholar
• Kasworm, C. (1980). The older student as an undergraduate. Adult Education, 31(1), 30–46.
   Google Scholar
• Kasworm, C. (1990). Adult undergraduates in higher education: A review of past research perspectives. Review of Educational Research, 60(3), 345–372.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasworm, C., & Pike, G. R. (1994). Adult undergraduate students: Evaluating the appropriateness of traditional model of academic performance. Research in Higher Education, 35(6), 689–710.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasworm, C., Polson, C., & Fishback, S. (2002). Responding to adult learners in higher education. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Knowles, M. (1969). Higher adult education in the United States: The current picture, trends, and issues. Washington, DC: American Council on Education.
   Google Scholar
• Knowles, M., & Associates (Eds.). (1984). Andragogy in action: Applying modern principles of adult learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Maehl, W. (2000). Lifelong learning at its best: Innovative practices in adult credit programs. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• McMahon, E. (1960). The emerging evening college. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.
   Google Scholar
• Medsker, L., & Others. (1975). Extended opportunities for a college degree: Practices, problems, and potentials. Berkeley, CA: Center for Research and Development in Higher Education, University of California.
   Google Scholar
• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). (n.d.). Nontraditional undergraduates: Definitions and data. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs/web/97578e.asp
   Google Scholar
• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). (1995). Profile of Older Undergraduates: 1989-90 (NCES 95–167). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.
   Google Scholar
• Olson, K. (1974). The G.I. Bill, the veteran, and the colleges. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky.
   Google Scholar
• Pappas, J. P., & Jerman, J. (Eds.). (2004). Developing and delivering adult degree programs (Vol. Number 103). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, D. (1983). Facilitating education for older learners. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, R., & Associates. (1979). Lifelong learning in America. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Powers, R. (2017). Eleven inspiring programs helping veterans get back to school. The Balance, Dec. Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/helping-veterans-back-to-school-3354260
   Google Scholar
• Reber, L. (1915). The scope of university extension and its organization and subdivisions (pp. 25–38). Proceedings of the First National University Extension Conference. University Extension Division: University of Wisconsin.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson, J. T. E., & King, E. (1998). Adult students in higher education: Burden or boon? Journal of Higher Education, 69, 65–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shannon, T., & Schoenfeld, C. (1965). University extension. New York: The Center for Applied Research in Education, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Soares, L. (2013). Post-traditional learners and the transformation of postsecondary education: A manifesto for college leaders. Retrieved from Washington, DC: American Council on Education. Retrieved from http://www.acenet.edu/news-room/Pages/Post-traditional-Learners-and-the-Transformation-of-Postsecondary-Ed.aspx
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Bureau of the Census. (1977). Population Characteristics: Social and economic characteristics of students, October 1976 (Advance Report). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Education. (n.d.). Federal Student Aid Glossary – Dependent Student. Retrieved from https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/glossary#Dependent_Student
   Google Scholar
• Wlodkowski, R., & Kasworm, C. (Eds.). (2003). Accelerated learning for adults: The promise and practice of intensive educational formats (Vol. No. 97). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Zucker, F., Cantell, C., & Flint, T. (1999). Prior learning assessment: A guidebook to American institutional practices. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.
   Google Scholar