Insilico inquest reveals the efficacy of Cannabis in the treatment of post-Covid-19 related neurodegeneration

References

• Al-Khafaji, K., Al-Duhaidahawi, D., & Taskin Tok, T. (2020). Using integrated computational approaches to identify safe and rapid treatment for SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Behl, T., Kaur, I., Bungau, S., Kumar, A., Uddin, M. S., Kumar, C., Pal, G., Shrivastava, K., Zengin, G., & Arora, S. (2020). The dual impact of ACE2 in COVID-19 and ironical actions in geriatrics and pediatrics with possible therapeutic solutions. Life Sciences, 257, 118075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beura, S., & Chetti, P. (2020). In-silico strategies for probing chloroquine-based inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonaventura, A., Vecchié, A., Wang, T. S., Lee, E., Cremer, P. C., Carey, B., Rajendram, P., Hudock, K. M., Korbee, L., Van Tassell, B. W., Dagna, L., & Abbate, A. (2020). Targeting GM-CSF in COVID-19 pneumonia: Rationale and strategies. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 1625. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, X. (2020). COVID-19: Immunopathology and its implications for therapy. Nature Reviews. Immunology, 20(5), 269–270. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-0308-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clerkin, K. J., Fried, J. A., Raikhelkar, J., Sayer, G., Griffin, J. M., Masoumi, A., Jain, S. S., Burkhoff, D., Kumaraiah, D., Rabbani, LRoy., Schwartz, A., & Uriel, N. (2020). COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease. Circulation, 141(20), 1648–1655. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046941
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daina, A., Michielin, O., & Zoete, V. (2017). SwissADME: A free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Scientific Reports, 7, 42717. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davido, B., Seang, S., Tubiana, R., & de Truchis, P. (2020). Post-COVID-19 chronic symptoms: A postinfectious entity? Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 26(11), 1448–1449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.07.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durdaği, S. (2020). Virtual drug repurposing study against SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2 target. Turkish Journal of Biology = Turk Biyoloji Dergisi, 44(3), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-2005-112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isahq, M. S., Afridi, M. S., Ali, J., Hussain, M. M., Ahmad, S., & Kanwal, F. (2015). Proximate composition, phytochemical screening, GC-MS studies of biologically active cannabinoids and antimicrobial activities of Cannabis indica. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 5(11), 897–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(15)60953-7
   Google Scholar
• Kar, P., Sharma, N. R., Singh, B., Sen, A., & Roy, A. (2020a). Natural compounds from Clerodendrum spp. as possible therapeutic candidates against SARS-CoV-2: An in silico investigation. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kar, P., Kumar, V., Vellingiri, B., Sen, A., Jaishee, N., Anandraj, A., Malhotra, H., Bhattacharyya, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Kinoshita, M., & Govindasamy, V. (2020b). Anisotine and amarogentin as promising inhibitory candidates against SARS-CoV-2 proteins: A computational investigation. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, M. T., Ali, A., Wang, Q., Irfan, M., Khan, A., Zeb, M. T., Zhang, Y.-J., Chinnasamy, S., & Wei, D. Q. (2020). Marine natural compounds as potents inhibitors against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. A molecular dynamic study. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2020, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2020.1769733
   Google Scholar
• Kovalchuk, A., Rodriguez-Juarez, R., Ilnytskyy, S., Li, D., Wang, B., Kovalchuk, I., & Kovalchuk, O. (2020). Fighting the storm: novel anti-TNFα and anti-IL-6 C. sativa lines to tame cytokine storm in COVID-19.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, Q., Zhao, S., Gao, D., Lou, Y., Yang, S., Musa, S. S., Wang, M. H., Cai, Y., Wang, W., Yang, L., & He, D. (2020). A conceptual model for the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China with individual reaction and governmental action. International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 93, 211–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall, M. (2020). How COVID-19 can damage the brain. Nature, 585(7825), 342–343. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02599-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mittal, L., Kumari, A., Srivastava, M., Singh, M., & Asthana, S. (2020). Identification of potential molecules against COVID-19 main protease through structure-guided virtual screening approach. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Muralidharan, N., Sakthivel, R., Velmurugan, D., & Gromiha, M. M. (2020). Computational studies of drug repurposing and synergism of lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir binding with SARS-CoV-2 Protease against COVID-19. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 16, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2020.1752802
   Google Scholar
• Palit, P., Chattopadhyay, D., Thomas, S., Kundu, A., Kim, H. S., & Rezaei, N. (2020). Phytopharmaceuticals mediated Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor blocking: Can it be a potential therapeutic option for Covid-19? Phytomedicine, 153396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153396
   Google Scholar
• Prajapat, M., Shekhar, N., Sarma, P., Avti, P., Singh, S., Kaur, H., Bhattacharyya, A., Kumar, S., Sharma, S., Prakash, A., & Medhi, B. (2020). Virtual screening and molecular dynamics study of approved drugs as inhibitors of spike protein S1 domain and ACE2 interaction in SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling, 101, 107716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pronk, S., Páll, S., Schulz, R., Larsson, P., Bjelkmar, P., Apostolov, R., Shirts, M. R., Smith, J. C., Kasson, P. M., van der Spoel, D., Hess, B., & Lindahl, E. (2013). GROMACS 4.5: A high-throughput and highly parallel open source molecular simulation toolkit. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 29(7), 845–854. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raphael, K. G. (2020). Concerns raised by publication of Antonini et al., "Outcome of Parkinson Disease patients affected by Covid-19". Movement Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 35(8), 1297. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo, E. B., Guy, G. W., & Robson, P. J. (2007). Cannabis, pain, and sleep: Lessons from therapeutic clinical trials of Sativex, a cannabis-based medicine. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 4(8), 1729–1743. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200790150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar, I., & Sen, A. (2020). In silico screening predicts common cold drug Dextromethorphan along with Prednisolone and Dexamethasone can be effective against novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarma, P., Kaur, H., Kumar, H., Mahendru, D., Avti, P., Bhattacharyya, A., Prajapat, M., Shekhar, N., Kumar, S., Singh, R., & Singh, A. (2020). Virological and clinical cure in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(7), 776–785.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, D. D., Han, I., Choi, E. H., & Yadav, D. K. (2020). Immunopathology, host-virus genome interactions, and effective vaccine development in SARS-CoV-2. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 18, 3774–3787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.11.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, D. D., Han, I., Choi, E. H., & Yadav, D. K. (2020a). Recent advances in pathophysiology, drug development and future perspectives of SARS-CoV-2. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 8, 580202. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.580202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tayyab, M., & Shahwar, D. (2015). GCMS analysis of Cannabis sativa L. from four different areas of Pakistan. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 5(3), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2014.07.008
   Google Scholar
• Trott, O., & Olson, A. J. (2010). AutoDock Vina: Improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 31(2), 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troyer, E. A., Kohn, J. N., & Hong, S. (2020). Are we facing a crashing wave of neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19? Neuropsychiatric symptoms and potential immunologic mechanisms. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 34–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, B., Kovalchuk, A., Li, D., Ilnytskyy, Y., Kovalchuk, I., & Kovalchuk, O. (2020). In search of preventative strategies: Novel anti-inflammatory high-CBD cannabis sativa extracts modulate ACE2 expression in Covid-19 gateway tissues.
   Google Scholar
• Wijeratne, T., & Crewther, S. (2020). Post-COVID 19 Neurological Syndrome (PCNS); a novel syndrome with challenges for the global neurology community. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 419, 117179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2020.117179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, Y., Zhou, Z., Liu, W., Chang, Q., Sun, G., & Dai, Y. (2017). Vascular endothelial cells senescence is associated with NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation via reactive oxygen species (ROS)/thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) pathway. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 84, 22–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2017.01.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, M. Q., & Wilkinson, B. (2007). Drug discovery beyond the 'rule-of-five' . Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 18(6), 478–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2007.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar