Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated With Menopause: A Multi-ethnic, Qualitative Study in Singapore

REFERENCES

• Adekunle, A.O., Fawole, A.O., & Okunlola, M.A. (2000). Perceptions and attitudes of Nigerian women about the menopause. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 20, 525–529.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, D.J., & Yoshizawa, T. (2007). Cross-cultural comparisons of health-related quality of life in Australian and Japanese midlife women: The Australian and Japanese Midlife Women's Health Study. Menopause, 14, 697–707. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3180421738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arpanantikul, M. (2004). Midlife experiences of Thai women. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 47(1), 49–56. . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03064.x [doi] JAN3064 [pii]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Astin, F., & Long, A.F. (2009). Qualitative research: An overview. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing, 4, 390–393.
   Google Scholar
• Avis, N.E., & McKinlay, S.M. (1991). A longitudinal analysis of women's attitudes toward the menopause: Results from the Massachusetts Women's Health Study. Maturitas, 13(1), 65–79. . doi:0378-5122(91)90286-Y [pii]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avis, N.E., Stellato, R., Crawford, S., Bromberger, J., Ganz, P., Cain, V., & Kagawa-Singer, M. (2001). Is there a menopausal syndrome? Menopausal status and symptoms across racial/ethnic groups. Social Science & Medicine, 52, 345–356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayers, B., Forshaw, M., & Hunter, M.S. (2010). The impact of attitudes towards the menopause on women's symptom experience: A systematic review. Maturitas, 65, 28–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayranci, U., Orsal, O., Arslan, G., & Emeksiz, D.F. (2010). Menopause status and attitudes in a Turkish midlife female population: An epidemiological study. BMC Women's Health, 10. . doi:10.1186/1472-6874-10-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baig, L.A., & Karim, S.A. (2006). Age at menopause, and knowledge of and attitudes to menopause, of women in Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of the British Menopause Society, 12(2), 71–74. . doi:10.1258/136218006777525721
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Becerra-Ayala, R. (2005). Attitudes toward menopause in Latino women. (Doctoral dissertation.) Wright Institute Graduate School of Psychology, Berkeley, CA. Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database (3207927).
   Google Scholar
• Berg, J.A., & Lipson, J.G. (1999). Information sources, menopause beliefs, and health complaints of midlife Filipinas. Health Care for Woman International, 20, 81–92. . doi:10.1080/073993399245980
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boulet, M.J., Oddens, B.J., Lehert, P., Vemer, H.M., & Visser, A. (2008). Climacteric and menopause in seven south-east Asian countries. Maturitas, 61, 34–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchanan, M.C., Villagran, M.M., & Ragan, S.L. (2002). Women, menopause, and (Ms.)information: Communication about the climacteric. Health Communication, 14(1), 99–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burusanont, M., & Hadsall, R.S. (2004). Factors associated with intention to use hormone replacement therapy among Thai middle-aged women. Maturitas, 47, 219–227. . doi:10.1016/s0378-5122(03)00281-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busch, H., Barth-Olofsson, A.S., Rosenhagen, S., & Collins, A. (2003). Menopausal transition and psychological development. Menopause, 10, 179–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cate, M.A., & Corbin, D.E. (1992). Age differences in knowledge and attitudes toward menopause. Journal of Women & Aging, 4(2), 33–46.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng, M., Wang, S., Wang, P., & Fuh, J. (2005). Attitudes toward menopause among middle-aged women: A community survey in an island of Taiwan. Maturitas, 52, 348–355. . doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.06.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chim, H., Tan, B.H., Ang, C.C., Chew, E.M., Chong, Y.S., & Saw, S.M. (2002). The prevalence of menopausal symptoms in a community in Singapore. Maturitas, 41, 275–282. . doi:S0378512201002997 [pii]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cifcili, S.Y., Akman, M., Demirkol, A., Unalan, P.C., & Vermeire, E. (2009). “I should live and finish it”: A qualitative inquiry into Turkish women's menopause experience. BMC Family Practice, 10. . doi:10.1186/1471-2296-10-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conboy, L., Domar, A., & O’Connell, E. (2001). Women at mid-life: Symptoms, attitudes, and choices, an internet based survey. Maturitas, 38, 129–136. . doi:S0378-5122(00)00211-5 [pii]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry. (2012). Monthly digest of statistics Singapore. Singapore: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Dickson, G.L. (1994). Fifty-something: A phenomenological study of the experience of menopause. . In P. Munhall (Ed.), In women's experiences (pp. 117–157). New York, NY: National League for Nursing Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dillaway, H., Byrnes, M., Miller, S., & Rehan, S. (2008). Talking “among us”: How women from different racial-ethnic groups define and discuss menopause. Health Care for Women International, 29, 766–781. . doi:795354658 [pii]. 10.1080/07399330802179247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donati, S., Cotichini, R., Mosconi, P., Satolli, R., Colombo, C., Liberati, A., & Mele, E.A. (2009). Menopause: Knowledge, attitude and practice among Italian women. Maturitas, 63, 246–252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, Z. (2005). Social construction of menopause: An inquiry into the mid-life experiences of Chinese women in the United States. . (Doctoral dissertation.) Boston University, Boston, MA. Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database (3171143).
   Google Scholar
• Genazzani, A., Schneider, H., Panay, N., & Nijland, E. (2006). The European Menopause Survey 2005: Women's perceptions on the menopause and postmenopausal hormone therapy. Gynecological Endocrinology, 22, 369–375. . doi:10.1080/09513590600842463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George, T. (1996). Women in a south Indian fishing village: Role identity, continuity, and the experience of menopause. Health Care for Women International, 17, 271–279.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghaderi, E., Ghazanfarpour, M., & Kaviani, M. (2010). Evaluation of menopausal women's attitudes towards menopuase in Shiraz. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 26, 698–703.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haines, C.J., Rong, L., Chung, T.K., & Leung, D.H. (1995). The perception of the menopause and the climacteric among women in Hong Kong and southern China. Preventive Medicine, 24, 245–248. . doi:S0091-7435(85)71040-7 [pii] 10.1006/pmed.1995.1040 [doi]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harlow, S., Gass, M., Hall, J., Lobo, R., Maki, P., Rebar, R., … de Villiers, T. (2012). Executive summary of the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop +10: Addressing the unfinished agenda of staging reproductive aging. Climacteric, 15, 105–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes-Rovner, M., Padonu, G., Kroll, J., Breer, L., Rovner, D.R., Talarczyk, G., & Rothert, M. (1996). African-American women's attitudes and expectations of menopause. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 12, 420–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, K.E. (2010). Menopause perspectives and treatment of Asian women. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, 28, 396–403. . doi:10.1055/s-0030-1262899
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, K.E., Xu, L., I, N. N., & Jaisamrarn, U. (2010). The Asian Menopause Survey: Knowledge, perceptions, hormone treatment and sexual function. Maturitas, 65, 276–283. . doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.11.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunter, M., Gupta, P., Papitsch-Clark, A., & Sturdee, D.W. (2009). Mid-aged health in women from the Indian subcontinent (MAHWIS). Climacteric, 12, 26–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I, N. N. (1994). A study on the menopause in Malaysia. Maturitas, 19, 205–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Im, E. (1997). Neglecting and ignoring menopause within a gendered multiple transitional context: Low income Korean immigrant women. . (PhD dissertation). University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Im, E., Lee, S., & Chee, W. (2010). Subethnic differences in the menopausal symptom experience of Asian American midlife women. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 21, 123–133. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659609357639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufert, P., Boggs, P.P., Ettinger, B., Woods, N.F., & Utian, W.H. (1998). Women and menopause: Beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. The North American Menopause Society 1997 menopause survey. Menopause, 5, 197–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur, S., Walia, I., & Singh, A. (2009). Knowledge and perceptions of the menopause among rural women in north India. Maturitas, 63(Suppl. 1), S134–S134. . doi:10.1016/s0378-5122(09)70543-2
   Google Scholar
• Leon, P., Chedraui, P., Hidalgo, L., & Ortiz, F. (2007). Perceptions and attitudes toward the menopause among middle aged women from Guayaquil, Ecuador. Maturitas, 57, 233–238. doi:S0378-5122(07)00030-8 [pii]10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.01.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindh-Åstrand, L. (2009). Women's knowledge, attitudes, and management of the menopausal transition. (Medical dissertation.) Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• Lock, M. (1986). Ambiguities of aging: Japanese experience and perceptions of menopause. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 10, 23–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lock, M. (1995). Encounters with aging: Mythologies of menopause in Japan and North America. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 19, 527–532.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lock, M., & Kaufert, P. (2001). Menopause, local biologies and cultures of aging. American Journal of Human Biology, 13, 494–504.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loh, F.H., Khin, L.W., Saw, S.M., Lee, J.J., & Gu, K. (2005). The age of menopause and the menopause transition in a multiracial population: A nation-wide Singapore study. Maturitas, 52, 169–180. doi:S0378-5122(04)00385-8 [pii]10.1016/j.maturitas.2004.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcus-Newhall, A., Thompson, S., & Thomas, C. (2001). Examining a gender stereotype: Menopausal women. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 698–719. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb01409.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, T. (1994). The prevalence of symptoms in menopausal women in the Far East: Singapore segment. Maturitas, 19, 199–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melby, M.K., Lock, M., & Kaufert, P. (2005). Culture and symptom reporting at menopause. Human Reproduction Update, 11, 495–512. . doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison, L.A., Sievert, L.L., Brown, D.E., Rahberg, N., & Reza, A. (2010). Relationships between menstrual and menopausal attitudes and associated demographic and health characteristics: The Hilo women's health study. Women and Health, 50, 397–413. . doi:10.1080/03630242.2010.507721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nir-Caein, R., Nahum, R., Yogev, Y., Rosenfeld, J., Fisher, M., & Kaplan, B. (2002). Ethnicity and attitude toward menopause and hormone replacement therapy in Northern Israel. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, 29, 91–94.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nosek, M., Kennedy, H.P., Beyene, Y., Taylor, D., Gilliss, C., & Lee, K. (2010). The effects of perceived stress and attitudes toward menopause and aging on symptoms of menopause. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 55, 328–334. doi:10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.09.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan, H.A., Wu, M.H., Hsu, C.C., Yao, B.L., & Huang, K.E. (2002). The perception of menopause among women in Taiwan. Maturitas, 41, 269–274. doi:10.1016/s0378-5122(01)00279-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parahoo, K. (2006). Nursing research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Randles, K.M. (1997). Individual variables related to menopausal experience . [Dissertation]. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 57(7-B), 4751.
   Google Scholar
• Sallam, H., Galal, A.F., & Rashed, A. (2006). Menopause in Egypt: Past and present perspectives. Climacteric, 9, 421–429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shea, J.L. (2006). Cross-cultural comparison of women's midlife symptom-reporting: A China study. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 30331–362. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11013-006-9020-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sievert, L.L., & Espinosa-Hernandez, G. (2003). Attitudes toward menopause in relation to symptom experience in Puebla, Mexico. Women and Health, 38, 93–106. doi:10.1300/J013v38n02_07
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, H., Chen, J., & Liu, X. (2008). Language and rigour in qualitative research: Problems and principles in analyzing data collected in Mandarin. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8(44). . doi:10.1186/1471-2288-8-44
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sommer, B., Avis, N., Meyer, P., Ory, M., Madden, T., Kagawa-Singer, M., … Adler, S. (1999). Attitudes toward menopause and aging across ethnic/racial groups. Psychosomatic Medicine, 61, 868–875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soules, M.R., Sherman, S., Parrott, E., Rebar, R., Santoro, N., Utian, W., & Woods, N. (2001). Executive summary: Stages of reproductive aging workshop (STRAW). Fertility & Sterility, 76, 874–878.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanira, S., Wazed, F., Sultana, S., Amin, R., Sultana, K., & Ahmad, S. (2009). Knowledge, attitude and experience of menopause—An urban based study in Bangladesh. Journal of Dhaka Medical College, 18(1), 33–36.
   Google Scholar
• Walter, C.A. (2000). The psychosocial meaning of menopause: Women's experiences. Journal of Women & Aging, 12(3/4), 117–131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, L.P., & Liyana, A.H. (2007). A survey of knowledge and perceptions of meno- pause among young to middle-aged women in federal territory, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Journal of University of Malaya Medical Centre, 10(2), 22–30.
   Google Scholar