Assessing respectful maternity care in a fragile, conflict-affected context: Observations from a 2016 national assessment in Afghanistan

References

• 4th Global Midwifery Symposium, Vancouver, Canada. (2019). Midwives call for an enabling environment to transform maternal and newborn health outcomes. In 4th Global Midwifery Symposium. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/event-pdf/Call_to_Action.MwSymp.2June2019.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Akseer, N., Salehi, A. S., Hossain, S. M. M., Mashal, M. T., Rasooly, M. H., Bhatti, Z., Rizvi, A., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2016). Achieving maternal and child health gains in Afghanistan: A Countdown to 2015 country case study. The Lancet Global Health, 4(6), e395–e413. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30002-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold, R., van Teijlingen, E., Ryan, K., & Holloway, I. (2015). Understanding Afghan healthcare providers: A qualitative study of the culture of care in a Kabul maternity hospital. BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 122(2), 260–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold, R., van Teijlingen, E., Ryan, K., & Holloway, I. (2018). Parallel worlds: An ethnography of care in an Afghan maternity hospital. Social Science & Medicine, 216, 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold, R., van Teijlingen, E., Ryan, K., & Holloway, I. (2019). Villains or victims? An ethnography of Afghan maternity staff and the challenge of high quality respectful care. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1), 307. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2420-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartlett, L., Cantor, D., Lynam, P., Kaur, G., Rawlins, B., Ricca, J., Tripathi, V., Rosen, H. E., Quality Of, M., Newborn Care Study Group Of The, M., & Child, H., & Integrated, P. (2015). Facility-based active management of the third stage of labour: Assessment of quality in six countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 93(11), 759–767. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.142604
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendavid, E., Boerma, T., Akseer, N., Langer, A., Malembaka, E. B., Okiro, E. A., Wise, P. H., Heft-Neal, S., Black, R. E., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2021). The effects of armed conflict on the health of women and children. Lancet (London, England), 397(10273), 522–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00131-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betron, M. L., McClair, T. L., Currie, S., & Banerjee, J. (2018). Expanding the agenda for addressing mistreatment in maternity care: A mapping review and gender analysis. Reproductive Health, 15(1), 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0584-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohren, M. A., Tunçalp, Ö., & Miller, S. (2020). Transforming intrapartum care: Respectful maternity care. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 67, 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.02.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohren, M. A., Vogel, J. P., Hunter, E. C., Lutsiv, O., Makh, S. K., Souza, J. P., Aguiar, C., Saraiva Coneglian, F., Diniz, A. L. A., Tunçalp, Ö., Javadi, D., Oladapo, O. T., Khosla, R., Hindin, M. J., & Gülmezoglu, A. M. (2015). The mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: A mixed-methods systematic review. PLOS Medicine, 12(6), e1001847. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Central Statistics Organization/Afghanistan, Ministry of Public Health/Afghanistan, & ICF. (2017). Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015. http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR323/FR323.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Chopra, M., & Arur, A. (2018). Progress in the face of insecurity: improving health outcomes in Afghanistan: policy brief (English). World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/330491520002103598/policy-brief
   Google Scholar
• Christou, A., Alam, A., Hofiani, S. M. S., Rasooly, M. H., Mubasher, A., Rashidi, M. K., Dibley, M. J., & Raynes-Greenow, C. (2019). How community and healthcare provider perceptions, practices and experiences influence reporting, disclosure and data collection on stillbirth: Findings of a qualitative study in Afghanistan. Social Science & Medicine, 236, 112413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112413
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corboz, J., Siddiq, W., Hemat, O., Chirwa, E. D., & Jewkes, R. (2019). What works to prevent violence against children in Afghanistan? Findings of an interrupted time series evaluation of a school-based peace education and community social norms change intervention in Afghanistan. PLoS One, 14(8), e0220614. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demographic and Health Surveys Program. Service Provsion Assessments (SPA) Surveys. DHS. https://dhsprogram.com/What-We-Do/Survey-Types/SPA.cfm
   Google Scholar
• Every Woman Every Child. (2016). Global strategy for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health (2016–2030). http://www.everywomaneverychild.org/global-strategy/
   Google Scholar
• Filby, A., McConville, F., & Portela, A. (2016). What prevents quality midwifery care? A systematic mapping of barriers in low and middle income countries from the provider perspective. PLoS One, 11(5), e0153391. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman, L., Ramsey, K., Abuya, T., Bellows, B., Ndwiga, C., Warren, C., Kujawski, S., Moyo, W., Kruk, M., & Mbaruku, G. (2014). Defining disrespect and abuse of women in childbirth: A research, Policy and rights agenda. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92(12), 915–917. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.137869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jewkes, R., Corboz, J., & Gibbs, A. (2019). Violence against Afghan women by husbands, mothers-in-law and siblings-in-law/siblings: Risk markers and health consequences in an analysis of the baseline of a randomised controlled trial. PLoS One, 14(2), e0211361. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jhpiego. (2016). Afghanistan National Maternal and Newborn Health Quality of Care Assessment 2016: data collection tools. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12363974.v1
   Google Scholar
• Jhpiego. (2017). Afghanistan National Maternal and Newborn Health Quality of Care Assessment 2016: Key findings report. https://www.unicef.org/afghanistan/sites/unicef.org.afghanistan/files/2018-02/afg-report-MNH-QoC2016.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jordan, K., Lewis, T. P., & Roberts, B. (2021). Quality in crisis: A systematic review of the quality of health systems in humanitarian settings. Conflict and Health, 15(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-021-00342-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruk, M. E., Gage, A. D., Arsenault, C., Jordan, K., Leslie, H. H., Roder-DeWan, S., Adeyi, O., Barker, P., Daelmans, B., Doubova, S. V., English, M., Elorrio, E. G., Guanais, F., Gureje, O., Hirschhorn, L. R., Jiang, L., Kelley, E., Lemango, E. T., Liljestrand, J., … Pate, M. (2018). High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: Time for a revolution. The Lancet Global Health, 6(11), e1196–e1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30386-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maung, T. M., Show, K. L., Mon, N. O., Tunçalp, Ö., Aye, N. S., Soe, Y. Y., & Bohren, M. A. (2020). A qualitative study on acceptability of the mistreatment of women during childbirth in Myanmar. Reproductive Health, 17(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-0907-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Public Health. (2015). Afghanistan National Health Policy 2015-2020. http://old.moph.gov.af/Content/Media/Documents/NationalHealthPolicy (NHP)2015-2020December2015endoursed247201615435541553325325.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Public Health. (2016). Afghanistan National Health Strategy 2016-2020: Sustaining Progress and Building for Tomorrow and Beyond. MOPH. http://old.moph.gov.af/Content/Media/Documents/MoPHStrategy2016-2020_Final09September2016111201614508950553325325.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Public Health. (2017). Afghanistan National Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health Strategy 2017-2021. http://old.moph.gov.af/Content/files/National%20RMNCAH%20Strategy%202017-2021%20English-Final.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Munyuzangabo, M., Gaffey, M. F., Khalifa, D. S., Als, D., Ataullahjan, A., Kamali, M., Jain, R. P., Meteke, S., Radhakrishnan, A., Shah, S., Siddiqui, F. J., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2021). Delivering maternal and neonatal health interventions in conflict settings: A systematic review. BMJ Global Health, 5(Suppl 1), e003750. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003750
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahmani, Z., & Brekke, M. (2013). Antenatal and obstetric care in Afghanistan-a qualitative study among health care receivers and health care providers. BMC Health Services Research, 13(1), 166. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-166
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sacks, E., & Peca, E. (2020). Confronting the culture of care: A call to end disrespect, discrimination, and detainment of women and newborns in health facilities everywhere. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 20(1), 249. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02894-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sen, G., Reddy, B., & Iyer, A. (2018). Beyond measurement: The drivers of disrespect and abuse in obstetric care. Reproductive Health Matters, 26(53), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09688080.2018.1508173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J., Banay, R., Zimmerman, E., Caetano, V., Musheke, M., & Kamanga, A. (2020). Barriers to provision of respectful maternity care in Zambia: Results from a qualitative study through the lens of behavioral science. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2579-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syed, S. B., Leatherman, S., Neilson, M., Griekspoor, A., Horemans, D., Letaief, M., & Kelley, E. (2020). Improving quality of care in fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable settings. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 98(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.19.246280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Lancet. (2016). Maternal health: An executive summary for the lancet’s series. https://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/stories/series/maternal-health-2016/mathealth2016-exec-summ.pdf
   Google Scholar
• The Lancet. (2020). Peace and health in Afghanistan. The Lancet, 395(10228), 921. The Lancet, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30643-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thommesen, T., Kismul, H., Kaplan, I., Safi, K., Van den Bergh, G. (2020). The midwife helped me … otherwise I could have died”: women’s experience of professional midwifery services in rural Afghanistan - a qualitative study in the provinces Kunar and Laghman. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2818-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNFPA. (2015). Maternal mortality in humanitarian crises and in fragile settings. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/MMR_in_humanitarian_settings-final4_0.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ventevogel, P., & Faiz, H. (2018). Mental disorder or emotional distress? How psychiatric surveys in Afghanistan ignore the role of gender, culture and context. Intervention, 16(3), 207–214. https://doi.org/10.4103/intv.Intv_60_18
   Google Scholar
• White Ribbon Alliance. (2015). Policy brief: Pulling back the curtain on disrespect and abuse. https://www.whiteribbonalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Policy-Brief
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2015). Strategies towards ending preventable maternal mortality (EPMM). https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/153544
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2016). Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/249155/9789241511216-eng.pdf;jsessionid=230C07F5B94B2B19D628F97F50AC7093?sequence=1
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2018). Quality, equity, dignity: The network to improve quality of care for maternal, newborn and child health – strategic objectives. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272612/9789241513951-eng.pdf?ua=1
   Google Scholar