20,267
Views
123
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Women Coming Home: Long‐Term Patterns of Recidivism

Pages 225-254 | Published online: 30 Apr 2009

References

  • Alarid , L. F. , Burton , V. S. B. J. and Cullen , F. T. 2000 . Gender and crime among felony offenders: Assessing the generality of social control and differential association theories . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 37 : 171 – 199 .
  • Allard , P. 2002 . Life sentences: Denying welfare benefits to women convicted of drug offenses , Washington, DC : The Sentencing Project .
  • Allison , P. D. 1984 . Event history analysis: Regression for longitudinal event data , Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
  • American Correctional Association . 1990 . The female offender: What does the future hold? , Lauren, MD : American Correctional Association .
  • Arnold , R. A. 1990 . Processes of victimization and criminalization of black women . Social Justice , 17 : 153 – 166 .
  • Austin , J. and Irwin , J. 2001 . It's about time: America's imprisonment binge , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
  • Banks , D. and Gottfredson , D. C. 2003 . The effects of drug treatment and supervision on time to rearrest among drug treatment court participants . Journal of Drug Issues , 33 (2) : 385 – 415 .
  • Becker , G. S. 1981 . A treatise on the family , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Belknap , J. 2007 . The invisible woman: Gender, crime, and justice , Belmont : Wadsworth .
  • Berman , J. 2005 . Women offender transition and reentry: Gender responsive approaches to transitioning women offenders from prison to the community , Silver Spring, MD : Center for Effective Public Policy .
  • Bloom , B. , Owen , B. and Covington , S. 2003 . Gender‐responsive strategies: Research, practice, and guiding principles for women offenders , Washington, DC : National Institute of Corrections .
  • Bonczar , T. P. and Beck , A. J. 1997 . Lifetime likelihood of going to state or federal prison , Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Statistics .
  • Bonta , J. , Pang , B. and Wallace‐Capretta , S. 1995 . Predictors of recidivism among incarcerated female offenders . Prison Journal , 75 : 277 – 294 .
  • Bosworth , M. and Carrabine , E. 2001 . Reassessing resistance . Punishment and Society , 3 : 501 – 515 .
  • Brennan , T. 1998 . “ Institutional classification for females: Problems and some proposals for reform ” . In Female offenders: Critical perspectives and effective interventions , Edited by: Zaplin . 179 – 204 . Gaithersburg, MD : Aspen .
  • Burgess‐Proctor , A. 2006 . Intersections of race, class, gender, and crime: Future directions for feminist criminology . Feminist Criminology , 1 : 27 – 47 .
  • Bush‐Baskette , S. 1999 . “ The war on drugs: A war against women? ” . In Harsh punishment: International experiences of women's imprisonment , Edited by: Cook and Davies . 211 – 229 . Boston, MA : Northeastern University Press .
  • Bushway , S. D. , Piquero , A. , Broidy , L. M. , Cauffman , E. and Mazerolle , P. 2001 . An empirical framework for studying desistance as a process . Criminology , 39 (2) : 491 – 515 .
  • Chesney‐Lind , M. 1997 . The female offender: Girls, women, and crime , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Chesney‐Lind , M. 2002 . “ Imprisoning women: The unintended victims of mass imprisonment ” . In Invisible punishment: The collateral consequences of mass imprisonment , Edited by: Mauer and Chesney‐Lind . 79 – 94 . New York : The New Press .
  • Cobbina , J. , Miller , J. and Brunson , R. 2008 . Gender, neighborhood danger, and risk avoidance strategies among urban African American youth . Criminology , 46 : 501 – 538 .
  • Cox , D. R. 1972 . Regression models and life tables . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , 34 : 187 – 220 .
  • Daly , K. 1998 . “ Gender, crime, and criminology ” . In The handbook of crime and justice , Edited by: Tonry . 85 – 108 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Daly , K. and Chesney‐Lind , M. 1988 . Feminism and criminology . Justice Quarterly , 5 (4) : 101 – 143 .
  • Deschenes , E. P. , Owen , B. and Crow , J. 2007 . “ Recidivism among female prisoners: Secondary analysis of the 1994 BJS recidivism data set ” . Long Beach : California State University .
  • Dodge , M. and Progrebin , M. R. 2001 . Collateral costs of imprisonment for women: Complications of reintegration . Prison Journal , 81 : 42 – 54 .
  • Dowden , C. and Brown , S. L. 2002 . The role of substance abuse factors in predicting recidivism: A meta‐analysis . Psychology, Crime and Law , 8 : 243 – 264 .
  • Edin , K. and Kefalas , M. 2005 . Promises I can keep: Why poor women put motherhood before marriage , Berkeley : University of California Press .
  • Enos , S. 2001 . Mothering from the inside: Parenting in a women's prison , Albany : State University of New York Press .
  • Feeley , M. M. and Simon , J. 1992 . The new penology: Notes on an emerging strategy of corrections and its implications . Criminology , 30 : 449 – 474 .
  • Gilchrist , E. , Bannister , J. , Ditton , J. and Farrall , S. 1998 . Women and the ‘fear of crime’: Challenging the accepted stereotype . British Journal of Criminology , 38 : 283 – 298 .
  • Giordano , P. C. , Cernkovich , S. A. and Rudolph , J. L. 2002 . Gender, crime, and desistance: Toward a theory of cognitive transformation . American Journal of Sociology , 107 (4) : 990 – 1064 .
  • Glaze , L. E. and Bonczar , T. P. 2006 . Probation and parole in the United States, 2005 , Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Statistics .
  • Glaze , L. E. and Maruschak , L. M. 2008 . Parents in prison and their minor children , Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Statistics .
  • Golden , R. 2005 . War on the family: Mothers in prison and the families they leave behind , New York : Routledge .
  • Graham , J. and Bowling , B. 1996 . Young people and crime , London : Home Office Research Study .
  • Greenfeld , L. A. and Snell , T. L. 1999 . Women offenders , Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Statistics .
  • Griffin , M. L. and Armstrong , G. S. 2003 . The effect of local life circumstances on female probationers' offending . Justice Quarterly , 20 (2) : 213 – 240 .
  • Hardyman , P. L. and Van Voorhis , P. 2004 . Developing gender‐specific classification systems for women offenders , Washington, DC : National Institute of Corrections .
  • Harm , N. J. and Phillips , S. D. 2001 . You can't go home again: Women and criminal recidivism . Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 32 : 3 – 21 .
  • Henriques , Z. W. and Manatu‐Rupert , N. 2001 . Living on the outside: African American women before, during, and after imprisonment . The Prison Journal , 81 : 6 – 19 .
  • Hill , G. D. and Crawford , E. M. 1990 . Women, race, and crime . Criminology , 28 : 601 – 623 .
  • Holtfreter , K. L. , Reisig , M. D. and Morash , M. 2004 . Poverty, state capital, and recidivism among women offenders . Criminology and Public Policy , : 185 – 208 .
  • Hope , T. L. , Wilder , E. I. and Watt , T. T. 2003 . The relationships among adolescent pregnancy, pregnancy resolution, and juvenile delinquency . The Sociological Quarterly , 44 : 555 – 576 .
  • Huebner , B. M. , Varano , S. P. and Bynum , T. S. 2007 . Gangs, guns, and drugs: Recidivism among serious offenders . Criminology and Public Policy , 15 (4) : 437 – 461 .
  • Johnson , P. C. 2003 . Inner lives: Voices of African American women in prison , New York : New York University Press .
  • King , R. D. , Massoglia , M. and MacMillan , R. 2007 . The context of marriage and crime: Gender, the propensity to marry, and offending in early adulthood . Criminology , 45 : 33 – 65 .
  • Klein , J. P. and Moeschberger , M. L. 2005 . Survival analysis: Techniques for censored and truncated data , New York : Springer .
  • Knight , K. , Simpson , D. D. and Moyey , J. T. 2002 . An evaluation of the TCU drug screen , Fort Worth, TX : Institution for Behavioral Research, Texas Christian University .
  • Kruttschnitt , C. and Gartner , R. 2003 . “ Women's imprisonment ” . In Crime and justice: A review of research , Edited by: Tonry . Vol. 30 , 1 – 82 . Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Kruttschnitt , C. and Gartner , R. 2005 . Marking time in the golden state: Women's imprisonment in california , New York : Cambridge University Press .
  • Kubrin , C. and Stewart , E. A. 2006 . Predicting who reoffends: The neglected role of neighborhood context in recidivism studies . Criminology , 44 : 165 – 197 .
  • Langan , P. A. and Levin , D. J. 2002 . Recidivism of prisoners released in 1994 , Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Statistics .
  • Laub , J. and Sampson , R. 2001 . “ Understanding desistence from crime ” . In Crime and justice , Edited by: Tonry and Morris . Vol. 28 , 1 – 69 . Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Leverentz , A. M. 2006 . The love of a good man? Romantic relationships as a source of support or hindrance for female ex‐offenders . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , 43 : 459 – 488 .
  • Maidment , M. 2006 . Doing time on the outside: Deconstructing the benevolent community , Toronto : University of Toronto Press .
  • Mallik‐Kane , K. and Visher , C. A. 2008 . Health and prisoner reentry: How physical, mental, and substance abuse conditions shape the process of reintegration , Washington, DC : The Urban Institute .
  • Maltz , M. D. 1984 . Recidivism , Orlando : Academic Press .
  • Maruna , S. 2001 . Making good: How ex‐convicts reform and rebuild their lives , Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Maruna , S. and Toch , H. 2005 . “ The impact of imprisonment on the desistance process ” . In Prisoner reentry and crime in America , Edited by: Travis and Visher . 139 – 178 . New York : Cambridge University Press .
  • McClellan , D. 1994 . Disparity in the discipline of male and female inmates in Texas prisons . Women and Criminal Justice , : 71 – 97 .
  • McKnight , P. E. , McKnight , K. M. , Sidani , S. and Jose Figueredo , A. 2007 . Missing data: A gentle introduction , New York : Guilford Press .
  • Mears , D. P. , Wang , X. , Hay , C. and Bales , W. D. 2008 . Social ecology and recidivism: Implications for prisoner reentry . Criminology , 46 (2) : 301 – 340 .
  • Miller , J. and Mullins , C. 2006 . “ The state of feminist theories in criminology ” . In Taking stock: The status of criminological theory , Edited by: Cullen , Wright and Blevins . Vol. 15 , 217 – 249 . New Brunswick : Transaction .
  • Morash , M. , Bynum , T. S. and Koons , B. A. 1998 . Women offenders: Programming needs and promising approaches , Washington, DC : National Institute of Justice .
  • Murray , J. and Farrington , D. P. 2008 . “ The effects of parental imprisonment on children ” . In Crime and justice: A review of research Vol. 37 , 133 – 206 .
  • National Research Council . 2008 . Parole, desistance from crime, and community integration , Washington, DC : The National Academies Press .
  • O'Brien , P. 2001 . Making it in the “free world”;: Women in transition from prison , Albany : State University of New York Press .
  • O'Brien , P. 2006 . Maximizing success for drug‐affected women after release from prison: Examining access to and use of social services during reentry . Women and Criminal Justice , 17 : 95 – 113 .
  • Owen , B. 1998 . In the mix: Struggle and survival in a women's prison , Albany : State University of New York Press .
  • Owen , B. 2006 . “ The context of women's imprisonment ” . In Women, law and social control , Edited by: Merlo and Pollock . 251 – 267 . Boston : Allyn and Bacon .
  • Owen , B. and Bloom , B. 1995 . Profiling women prisoners: Findings from the national surveys and the California sample . Prison Journal , 75 : 165 – 185 .
  • Paternoster , R. , Brame , R. , Mazerolle , P. and Piquero , A. 1998 . Using the correct statistical test for the equality of regression coefficients . Criminology , 36 (4) : 859 – 866 .
  • Petersilia , J. 2003 . When prisoners come home: Parole and prisoner reentry , New York : Oxford .
  • Pollock , J. M. 2002a . Parenting programs in women's prisons: A national survey . Women and Criminal Justice , 14 : 131 – 151 .
  • Pollock , J. M. 2002b . Women, prison, and crime , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
  • Reisig , M. D. , Holtfreter , K. L. and Morash , M. 2002 . Social capital among women offenders: Examining the distribution of social networks and relationships . Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice , 18 (2) : 167 – 187 .
  • Reisig , M. D. , Holtfreter , K. L. and Morash , M. 2006 . Assessing recidivism risk across female pathways to crime . Justice Quarterly , 23 : 384 – 405 .
  • Richie , B. 1996 . Compelled to crime: The gender entrapment of battered black women , New York : Routledge .
  • Richie , B. 2001 . Challenges incarcerated women face as they return to their communities: Findings from life history interviews . Crime and Delinquency , 47 : 368 – 389 .
  • Robbins , C. A. , Martin , S. S. and Surratt , H. L. in press . Substance abuse treatment, anticipated maternal roles, and reentry success of drug‐involved women prisoners . Crime and Delinquency ,
  • Ross , J. and Richards , S. 2002 . Convict criminology , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
  • Rubin , D. B. 1996 . Multiple imputation after 18+ years . Journal of the American Statistical Association , 91 : 473 – 489 .
  • Sabol , W. J. , Couture , H. and Harrison , P. M. 2007 . Prisoners in 2006 , Washington, DC : Bureau of Justice Statistics: Office of Justice Programs .
  • Sampson , R. , Morenoff , J. and Gannon‐Rowley , T. 2002 . Assessing neighborhood effects: Social processes and new directions in research . Annual Review of Sociology , 28 : 443 – 478 .
  • Sampson , R. , Raudenbush , S. and Earls , F. 1997 . Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy . Science , 277 : 918 – 924 .
  • Schmidt , P. and Witte , A. D. 1988 . Predicting recidivism using survival models , New York : Springer‐Verlag .
  • Schram , P. J. , Koons‐Witt , B. A. , Williams , F. P. I. and McShane , M. 2006 . Supervision strategies and approaches for female parolees: Examining the link between unmet needs and parolee outcome . Crime and Delinquency , 52 : 450 – 471 .
  • Sharp , S. F. and Marcus‐Mendoza , S. T. 2001 . It's a family affair: Incarcerated women and their families . Women and Criminal Justice , 12 : 21 – 49 .
  • Sharp , S. F. , Marcus‐Mendoza , S. T. , Bentley , R. G. , Simpson , D. B. and Love , S. R. 1999 . “ Gender differences in the impact of incarceration on the children and families of drug offenders ” . In Interrogating social justice: Politics, culture, and identity , Edited by: Corsianos and Train . 217 – 246 . Toronto, ON : Canadian Scholars' Press .
  • Simons , R. L. , Stewart , E. A. , Gordon , L. C. , Conger , R. D. and Elder , G. H. 2002 . A test of life‐course explanations for stability and change in antisocial behavior from adolescence to young adulthood . Criminology , 40 : 401 – 434 .
  • Singer , J. D. and Willett , J. B. 2003 . Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modeling change and event occurrence , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Slocum , L. A. , Simpson , S. and Smith , D. A. 2005 . Strained lives and crime: Examining intra‐individual variation in strain and offending in a sample of incarcerated women . Criminology , 43 : 1067 – 1110 .
  • Spohn , C. and Holleran , D. 2002 . The effects of imprisonment on recidivism rates of felony offenders: A focus on drug offenders . Criminology , 40 (2) : 329 – 357 .
  • Steffensmeier , D. and Allen , E. 1996 . Gender and crime: Toward a gendered theory of female offending . Annual Review of Sociology , 22 : 459 – 487 .
  • Steffensmeier , D. , Kramer , J. and Streifel , C. 1993 . Gender and imprisonment decisions . Criminology , 31 (3) : 411 – 446 .
  • Steffensmeier , D. , Ulmer , J. and Kramer , J. 1998 . The interaction of race, gender and age in criminal sentencing: The punishment cost of being young, black and male . Criminology , 36 (4) : 763 – 797 .
  • Stuart , B. and Brice‐Baker , J. 2004 . Correlates of higher rates of recidivism in female prisoners: An exploratory study . Journal of Psychiatry and the Law , 32 : 29 – 70 .
  • Sullivan , E. , Mino , M. , Nelson , J. and Pope , J. 2002 . Families as a resource in recovery from drug abuse: An evaluation of la bodega de la familia , New York : The Vera Institute .
  • Uggen , C. and Kruttschnitt , C. 1998 . Crime in the breaking: Gender differences in desistance . Law and Society Review , 32 : 339 – 366 .
  • Uggen , C. and Thompson , M. 2003 . The socioeconomic determinants of ill‐gotten gains: Within‐person changes in drug use and illegal earnings . American Journal of Sociology , 109 : 146 – 185 .
  • US Census Bureau . 1996 . Population projections of the United States by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin: 1995 to 2050 , Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Commerce .
  • Utziel‐Miller , N. D. , Lyons , J. S. , Kissiel , S. and Love , S. 1998 . Treatment needs and initial outcomes of a residential recovery program for African American women and their children . American Journal on Addictions , 7 : 43 – 50 .
  • Van Voorhis , P. and Presser , L. 2001 . Classification of women offenders: A national assessment of current practices , Washington, DC : National Institute of Corrections .
  • Van Voorhis , P. , Salisbury , E. J. , Wright , E. M. and Bauman , A. 2006 . Achieving accurate pictures of risk and identifying gender responsive needs: Two new assessments for women offenders , Washington, DC : National Institute of Corrections .
  • Villettaz , P. , Killias , M. and Zoder , I. 2006 . The effects of custodial versus non‐custodial sentences on re‐offending: A systematic review of the state of knowledge , Lusanne, , Switzerland : Campbell Collaboration Crime and Justice Group: University of Lusanne .
  • Visher , C. A. and Courtney , S. M. E. 2006 . Cleveland prisoners' experiences returning home , Washington, DC : Urban Institute .
  • Visher , C. A. and Travis , J. 2003 . Transitions from prison to community: Understanding individual pathways . Annual Review of Sociology , 29 : 89 – 113 .
  • Wilson , W. J. 1997 . When work disappears: The world of the new urban poor , New York : Vintage .
  • Wobie , K. , Eyler , F. D. , Conlon , M. , Clarke , L. and Behnke , M. 1997 . Women and children in residential treatment: Outcomes for mothers and their infants . Journal of Drug Issues , 27 : 585 – 606 .
  • Wright , E. M. , Salisbury , E. J. and Van Voorhis , P. 2007 . Predicting the prison misconducts of women offenders: The importance of gender‐responsive needs . Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice , 23 : 310 – 340 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.